Tuʻi Tonga

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Tuʻi Tonga is a lineage of kings of Tonga that dates back to the 10th century. It begins with the mythical king ʻAhoʻeitu ; the line lost power in the 15th century to the Tuʻi Haʻatakalaua and died out with Laufilitonga in 1865. Today there are descendants in the chief line of the Kalaniuvalu .

The tradition has 39 titleholders, but there is also an alternative list of 48 names.

  1. ʻAhoʻeitu - divine ancestor, around 900 AD, lived first in Popua , later in other places in the Hahake district , including Toloa near Fuaʻamotu .
  2. Lolofakangalo
  3. Fangaʻoneʻone
  4. Lihau
  5. Kofutu
  6. Kaloa
  7. Maʻuhau - residence in Lavengatonga
  8. ʻApuanea
  9. ʻAfulunga
  10. Momo - married Nua , the daughter of Loʻau , from the Tuʻi Haʻamea . This created the Tongan Empire . Royal court in Heketā near Niutōua .
  11. Tuʻitātui - around 1100 AD, expanded the royal court, built the Haʻamonga ʻA Maui ; renewed the Fale Fā ( house of four , royal advisors and guardians); his stepbrother Fasiʻapule became regent.
  12. Talatama - moved residence to Lapaha ; died with no offspring
  13. Tuʻitonganui ko e Tamatou father of Talaihaʻapepe for dynastic reasons
  14. Talaihaʻapepe - brother of Talatama
  15. Talakaifaiki - around 1250; Loss of Samoa due to its cruelty. The new rulers in Samoa became the Malietoa .
  16. Talafāpite
  17. Tuʻitonga Maʻakitoe
  18. Tu'itonga Puipui
  19. Havea I - murdered
  20. Tatafuʻeikimeimuʻa
  21. Lomiʻaetupuʻa
  22. Havea II - murdered by Tuluvota of Fiji
  23. Takalaua - murdered by Tamasia and Malofafa of ʻUvea and Futuna while bathing in the Tolopona River near Alakifonua ; tough ruler, start of political unrest
  24. Kauʻulufonua I - around 1470, pursued the murderers of his father from Tongatapu via ʻEua , Haʻapai , Vavaʻu , Niua , Niue , Fiji , Samoa and finally arrested them on their home island ʻUvea-Futuna. After returning to Mu'a he killed them in a barbaric spectacle (he knocked out their teeth, made them chew kava and devoured them). Hence he got the nickname fekai . He founded a new dynasty with his younger brother Moʻungāmotuʻ , the Tuʻi Haʻatakalaua . This new dynasty was responsible for the day-to-day business, while the Tuʻi Tonga was deified and only functioned ceremonially.
  25. Vakafuhu - stayed away from Tonga because of the Tuʻi Haʻatakalaua, lived in Sāmoa.
  26. Puipuifatu - in Sāmoa, tried to conquer Vavaʻu to restore power to his dynasty
  27. Kauʻulufonua II - in Sāmoa
  28. Tapu'osi - returned to Mu'a. Since then, the Tu'i Tonga have acted as high priests without worldly power.
  29. ʻUluakimata I - (also: Teleʻa), builder of the largest langi on Tongatapu
  30. Fatafehi - around 1600, married a daughter from the Tuʻi Haʻatakalaua, the daughter of Moʻunga ʻo Tonga , thus establishing a tradition that would unite the two Tui over generations. His sister married a Fijian, so the line of sight changes from Sāmoa to Fiji. He was also tattooed Samoa and was nicknamed Fakauakimanuka (Twice Manuʻa).
  31. Kauʻulufonua III - met Abel Tasman in 1643
  32. ʻUluakimata II
  33. Tuʻipulotu (I) ʻilangi Tuʻofefafa - the main wife of the Tuʻi Tonga ( moheofo ) has since been elected from the Tuʻi Kanokupolu clan instead of the Tuʻi Haʻatakalaua after a change of power.
  34. Fakana'ana'a
  35. Tuʻipolutu (II) ʻilangi Tuʻoteau
  36. Paulaho - Fuanunuiava the power change ceremony in 1777 was observed by James Cook ; a civil war ensued
  37. Maʻulupekotofa - Paulaho's older brother, replaced some religious taboos .
  38. Fuanunuiava - took power from his uncle around 1795; joined Fīnau ʻUlukālala in the civil war in 1799 ; died in 1810.
  39. Laufilitonga - (* around 1798, † 1865) too young to become Tuʻi Tonga at the time of his father's death. The title had lost all prestige by then. He tried to come to power by force, but lost in the battle of Velata on Lifuka in 1826 against Tāufaʻāhau (George Tupou I.) ; was used together with the Tuʻi Kanokupolu in 1827 as a mockery of Tuʻi Tonga without any political or religious function. With his death the title was abolished.

Web links

  • Malo Tonga Tuputupulefanua Tuʻitonga Cocker 2000.

literature

  • Ian Christopher Campbell: Classical Tongan kingship. 1989.
  • Elizabeth Bott: Tonga society at the time of Captain Cook's visit. Discussions with Her Majesty Queen Salote Topou. Wellington: The Polynesian Soc., 1982. (OCLC: 311575785)
  • ʻOkusitino Māhina: Ko e ngaahi ʻata mei he histōlia mo e kalatua ʻo Tongá: Ke tUFaʻi ha lea Tonga fakaako. 2006. ISBN 978-0-908959-09-9