Turangi
| Turangi | ||
| Geographical location | ||
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| Coordinates | 38 ° 59 ′ S , 175 ° 49 ′ E | |
| Region ISO | NZ-WKO | |
| Country |
 New Zealand
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| region | Waikato | |
| District | Taupo District | |
| Ward | Turangi-Tongariro Ward | |
| Residents | 2 952 (2013) | |
| height | 378 m | |
| Post Code | 3334 | |
| Telephone code | +64 (0) 7 | |
| Photography of the place | ||
 Welcome sign at the entrance to the village |
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Turangi is a small town in the Taupo District of the Waikato regionon the North Island of New Zealand .
geography
The city is located around 22 km northeast of the Tongariro volcano and around 40 km southwest of the city of Taupo on the west bank of the Tongariro River , which flows into Lake Taupo around 6 km north-northwest of the city center . The New Zealand State Highway 1 runs through the city, coming from the Central Volcanic Plateau and the Rangipo Desert and traversing the eastern part of the city to reach the city of Taupo passing the east bank of Lake Taupo . Within the city, the New Zealand State Highway 41 branches off to the northwest.
history
The area around Turangi was originally settled by the Ngāti Tūwharetoa , the descendants of the sailors of the Arawa Waka who came to New Zealand from the mythical Hawaiki . They had numerous settlements in the area.
The first Europeans reached the Turangi area in the 1830s . But the city came into being during the construction of the dams and hydroelectric power plants on the Tongariro River , as accommodation for the workers and their families. The city was then to be used as a small service center for the forestry area south of Lake Taupo and for tourism.
In the 1920s, two prison farms opened in the area in Rangipo and Hautu due to its isolated location .
population
In the 2013 census, the town had 2952 inhabitants, 8.9% less than in the 2006 census. In the 1996 census, there were 3744 inhabitants and in 2001 it was 3441 inhabitants. This means that the city has recorded a continuous decline in population over the past 17 years. Turangi is the second most populous city in Taupo District after Taupo . In the 1970s the population peaked at around 9,000. Since the completion of the work on a dam project in the 1980s, the population has decreased continuously and has been compensated a little because of the favorable location for tourism.
The most important Hapū (a subgroup of an Iwi of the Māori ) of the Turangi area is the tribe of the Ngāti Tūrangitukua .
economy
Tourism and forestry are the city's main livelihoods, plus the Department of Corrections with two prisons, the utility Genesis Energy and the Department of Conservation as the main employer and agriculture in the surrounding area.
The hydropower project on the Tongariro
In the 1950s, the demand for energy increased rapidly due to the rapid industrialization of New Zealand. Therefore, a project was developed to generate hydropower on the Tongariro River , the Tongariro Power Scheme . Construction began in late 1964. The government invested NZ $ 16 million through May 1966 . Until then the population in Tourangi reached 2500, in 1968 it reached its maximum with 6500 inhabitants. A model city with curved streets, dead ends, uniform houses, parking lots and a shopping center within walking distance was created. The main traffic axis was separated from the city itself.
A PR brochure from the Ministry of Works from 1969 described Turang i as a pleasant and attractive city with 5,000 inhabitants that offers a balanced community life. The brochure listed the city's facilities, shops, and services. After the project was completed in the late 1970s, the Ministry of Works and other government agencies began selling land in the city area.
In 1989 the Ngāti Tūrangitukua appealed to the Waitangi Tribunal (Wai 84) against these sales. The hearings took place on an urgent basis between April and October 1994. In September 1995 the tribunal published its report. It found numerous violations by the Crown of the principles of the Waitangi Treaty . Among other things, it was found that
- the Crown expropriated and built Māori land in Turangi West , although crown land in Turangi East was sufficiently available
- the crown did not sufficiently involve the Ngāti Tūrangitukua in the decisions to build the city
- the crown for the city took up more land than previously promised.
- the Krone has leased land for economic purposes for a limited period of 10–12 years, but then kept it permanently
- holy places of the Māori ( Wahi tapu ) were destroyed and damaged during construction
- insufficient compensation was paid for the land
- nature conservation was not sufficiently taken into account
- the crown did not give the Ngati Turangitukua the respect due as indigenous people of the country
- the laws on which the Crown relied on the land acquisition ( Public Works Act of 1928, Turangi Township Act of 1964) are inconsistent with the basic guarantees of Article II of the Treaty of Waitangi . This article states that the Māori can generally keep their land until they decide to sell it themselves.
The tribunal found that the Ngāti Tūrangitukua had lost a large part of their ancestral land as a result of the crown's breach of contract and that their social and economic livelihood had been severely impaired.
In July 1998, the Crown and Ngāti Tūrangitukua negotiated to resolve the matter and resolve ongoing tensions. An agreement was reached on September 26, 1998.
In 1999, the Ngati Turangitukua Claims Settlement Act 1999 was passed for this purpose . This law is, on the one hand, an excuse for the injustice committed against the Māori , and on the other, it regulates compensatory measures.
tourism
Tourist activities in the area include hunting, fishing, mountain biking, hiking, rafting and kayaking.
Trout fishing is particularly prominent in Turangi , as the city calls itself " The trout fishing capital of the world ".
Web links
- Homepage . Kiwi Tourism,accessed October 19, 2017.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b 2013 Census QuickStats about a place : Turangi . Statistics New Zealand , accessed September 19, 2014 .
- ↑ Topo250 maps . Land Information New Zealand , accessed October 19, 2017 .
- ↑ a b c d e About Turangi . Laketaupo.co.nz , accessed October 19, 2017 .
- ^ Taupo District . (XLS 26 kB) Statistics New Zealand , 2006, archived from the original on November 21, 2008 ; accessed on May 20, 2019 (English, original website no longer available).
- ^ AW Reed : The Reed Dictionary of New Zealand Place Names . Reed Books , Auckland 2002, ISBN 0-7900-0761-4 (English).
- ^ Ministry of Works (ed.): This is Turangi . Wellington 1969 (English).
- ^ Tribunal delivers report on remedies in the Turangi Township claim . Waitangi Tribunal , July 8, 1998, archived from the original ; accessed on January 12, 2016 (English, original website no longer available).
- ^ Deed of Settlement - Ngati Turangitukua . (PDF 652 kB) Office of Treaty Settlement , archived from the original on May 21, 2010 ; accessed on October 17, 2017 (English, original website no longer available).
- ^ Ngāti Tūrangitukua Claims Settlement Act 1999 . Legislation New Zealand , accessed January 12, 2016 .