Ukranen
The Ukranen (also: Ukrer ) were an Elbe Slavic tribe that settled from the 10th century in the northeast of today's Brandenburg and the adjacent parts of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (" Uckermark "). The settlement area of the Ukranen was around the Uckerseen Ober- and Unteruckersee . The castle wall Drense could have been the manorial and economic center for several centuries . The tribe lost any existing identity and independence around 1170 at the latest with the conquest of the Uckermark by the Pomeranian dukes.
Surname
The name of the Ukranen is made up of the Ucker water body name and the Slavic ending -jane for "settling on the Ucker". In the medieval Saxon written sources the spellings Wocronin , Wocronin or Wucronin , Vuucri , Ucrani , Uchri , Ucrani or Uerani and Ucrania can be found . An own name or other Slavic written sources do not exist. From the end of the 12th century, the tribe name only appears in place names.
history
According to archaeological findings, Slavs immigrated to the Ucker area as early as the 7th century. However, it can only be guessed when the Ukrer tribal formation took place. Because a written message about the Ukranen can only be found in the year 934. This is an entry in the Quedlinburg annals . According to this, the East Frankish King Henry I undertook a campaign against the Ukrer. From another piece of news it is known that the Ukranians were subjugated and made tribute. Next, the Ukranes are mentioned in the founding document of the Diocese of Brandenburg , dated 948 . The document is considered dubious and could also come from the year 965. A message from the Saxon historiographer Widukind von Corvey can be narrowed down more precisely. Thereafter, around the year 955, the Ukranians were the target of a campaign by the Margrave Gero , from whom he returned at the head of his warriors with rich booty, which in turn allows conclusions to be drawn about the economic strength of the Ukranians. The following year, "Ruani" fought alongside Margrave Gero in the Battle of the Raxa , which, according to older beliefs, were Ukranes whose name was distorted by a prescription. According to more recent views, this should mean rans from the island of Rügen. In 965 the Ukranes are mentioned in a deed of donation by Otto I for the Moritzkloster in Magdeburg. After that they were obliged to pay tribute to Otto I and had to pay silver interest, which from then on was due to the Moritz monastery. It is unknown whether these payments were made. By 983 at the latest, the Ukranians slipped away from Saxon supremacy. Because it is assumed that they took part in the Slavic Uprising of 983 alongside other Slavic tribes and joined the Lutizen League with its central cult site Rethra .
A replica of an early Slavic settlement can be found in the Ukranenland open-air museum in Torgelow.
Web links
swell
- Theodor Sickel (Ed.): Diplomata 12: The documents Konrad I., Heinrich I. and Otto I. (Conradi I., Heinrici I. et Ottonis I. Diplomata). Hanover 1879 ( Monumenta Germaniae Historica , digitized version )
- Paul Hirsch , Hans-Eberhard Lohmann (ed.): Widukindi monachi Corbeiensis rerum gestarum Saxonicarum libri tres. = The Saxon history of the Widukind von Korvei (= Monumenta Germaniae Historica . Scriptores. 7: Scriptores rerum Germanicarum in usum scholarum separatim editi. Vol. 60). 5th edition. Hahn, Hanover 1935, ( digitized ).
Remarks
- ^ Continuator Reginonis 934.
- ↑ Annales Quedlinburgenses a. A. 934
- ^ DO I, 105.
- ^ DO I, 295.
- ↑ Widukind III, 42.
- ↑ Ebo III, 14
- ↑ Herbord III, 11
- ↑ Annales Quedlinburgenses a. A. 934: Rex Heinricus in Wucronin cum exercitu fuit.
- ^ Continuator Reginonis 934: et vicit sibique tributarios fecit .
- ^ DO I, 105.
- ↑ Widukind III, 42.
- ^ Richard Wagner : The time of change (= Mecklenburg history in individual representations. Issue 2, ZDB -ID 982989-1 ). Süsserott, Berlin 1899, p. 184 note 19.
- ^ DO I, 295.