United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan

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UNMOGIP
operation area Jammu and Kashmir
German name United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan
English name United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan
French name Groupe d'Observateurs Militaires de l'ONU pour l'Inde et le Pakistan
Spanish name Grupo de Observadores Militares de las Naciones Unidas en India y Pakistán
Based on UN resolution 91 (March 30 1951)
Type of mission Observer mission
Beginning March 1951
The End ongoing
management Major General José Eladio Alcaín UruguayUruguayUruguay 
Deaths 11
Location of the operational area India Jammu and Kashmir locator map.svg

The United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan, shortly UNMOGIP (of English United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan is) a monitoring mission of the United Nations in the border area of Jammu and Kashmir that the Kashmir conflict between India and Pakistan over the region Kashmir in Western Himalayas observed. She is stationed alternately in Srinagar and Islamabad .

background

After the decision to partition India into Pakistan and India on June 3, 1947, the princely state of Kashmir was free to remain independent or to join India or Pakistan. The Maharaja of Kashmir opted for an independent Kashmir. A little later the Pakistani military marched into Kashmir. At the Maharaja's request, India supported his princely state in its fight against Pakistan. The annexation to India was set as a condition. The first Indo-Pakistani War (First Kashmir War ) broke out.

It was not until the ceasefire agreement between India and Pakistan in Karachi in July 1949 that the UN military observers were deployed, and on the basis of UN Resolution 39 , the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan (UNCIP) was set up, which with UN Resolution 47 of 1948 was also expanded to the use of military observers. In particular, they monitor the established demarcation line, the Line of Control (LOC).

On March 30, 1951, the UNCIP was replaced by UN Resolution 91 by the successor United Nations Military Observer Group UNMOGIP in order to continue to monitor the ceasefire between the two states.

Nevertheless, in 1965 there was a second Indo-Pakistani war over Kashmir. The Line of Control was re-established in the Shimla Agreement in 1972, after the Bangladesh War ( Third Indo-Pakistani War ) . In 1999, another conflict broke out, the Kargil War , which was confined to Kashmir and ended with a withdrawal to the 1972 line.

organization

UNMOGIP's UN headquarters are located in Srinagar, India, from May to October, and in Islamabad, Pakistan, from November to April. The observation bases are located at Domel, Kotli, Bhimber, Rawalakot, Sialkot , Skardu, Gilgit , Rajouri, Poonch, Baramulla and Jammu .

Participating countries

Staff and budget

  • Personnel: 44 military observers, 72 civilian employees (2014)
  • Annual budget: approx. $ 7.92 million (2006)
  • Losses: 5 military personnel, 1 military observer, 2 international and 3 local civilian employees

literature

Web links