Toads and barbour frogs
| Toads and barbour frogs | ||||||||||||
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juvenile yellow-bellied toad ( Bombina variegata ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Bombinatoridae | ||||||||||||
| JE Gray , 1825 |
The toads and barbour frogs (Bombinatoridae) are a family of primitive frogs (Anura), with two genera and ten species in Europe, north-east and south China, in the Russian region of Primorye , in Korea, on the Philippine islands of Palawan and Busuanga and in Occurs west of Borneo . They are the sister group of the midwife toads ( Alytes ) and the common discolor ( Discoglossus ).
features
Toads and barbour frogs are quite small, the toads ( Bombina ) reach head-trunk lengths of 4 to 8 cm, while the barbour frogs ( Barbourula ) can get a little larger with 6 to 10 cm length. The palatine is missing in the skull . The frontoparietal is formed in pairs. The pelvis is primitive (arciferal). The fibula and shin have grown together at both ends. The tadpole's mouth is keratinized . You have two spiraculi .
Way of life
Toads live aquatic, in swamps, moors, small ponds and pools and in small, slow-flowing streams. The way of life of the Barbour frogs has so far been little researched. They also live mainly aquatic, but in mountain streams with scree bottoms. With 60 to 200 eggs, the spawning packets of toads and barbour frogs are relatively small. The Borneo Barbour frog ( Barbourula kalimantanensis ) is the only known lungless frog species.
Systematics
There are two genera with ten species in Europe and Asia, with Barbourula being restricted to the Philippines and Borneo.
- Family Bombinatoridae Gray, 1825 - Toads and barbour frogs
- Genus Barbourula Taylor & Noble, 1924 - Barbour frogs
- Species Barbourula busuangensis Taylor & Noble, 1924 - Philippines Barbour Frog
- Species Barbourula kalimantanensis Iskandar, 1978 - Borneo Barbour Frog
- Genus Bombina , Oken, 1816 - Unken
- Species Bombina bombina (Linnaeus, 1761) - fire-bellied toad
- Art Bombina fortinuptialis Tian & Wu in Liu, Hu, Tian & Wu, 1978 - Guangxi fire -bellied toad
- Species Bombina lichuanensis Ye & Fei, 1994 - Lichuan fire-bellied toad
- Species Bombina maxima (Boulenger, 1905) - giant toad
- Species Bombina microdeladigitora Liu, Hu & Yang, 1960 - Hubei fire -bellied toad
- Species Bombina orientalis (Boulenger, 1890) - Chinese fire-bellied toad
- Species Bombina pachypus (Bonaparte, 1838) - Apennine yellow-bellied toad
- Species Bombina variegata (Linnaeus, 1758) - yellow-bellied toad
- Genus Barbourula Taylor & Noble, 1924 - Barbour frogs
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Laurie J. Vitt and Janalee P. Caldwell: Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles. Academic Press, 2013, ISBN 978-0123869197 , pages 475-476.
- ^ RA Pyron & JJ Wiens: A large-scale phylogeny of Amphibia including over 2800 species, and a revised classification of extant frogs, salamanders, and caecilians. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 61, 2, pp. 543-83, November 2011
- ↑ List of species of the family Bombinatoridae in Amphibiaweb
