Urban Air Mobility

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Urban Air Mobility (German: "Urbane Luftmobilität", roughly equivalent to: "Mobility in urban airspace" or "Urban air transport") describes the expansion of urban transport systems into the airspace. Among other things, their necessity is justified by the increase in the number of people living in cities; the new form of mobility should act as a traffic jam-reliever. In the future, the urban air mobility concept will primarily include autonomous flying taxis as a transport component . It remains to be seen whether urban air mobility will bring a significant proportion of ground traffic into the air.

history

In parallel to the transport of people, the autonomous transport of goods by air is also being promoted. In Hamburg there was the project WiNDroVe - economic use of drones in a metropolitan region - Hamburg , on the subject of UAS (Unmanned Aerial Systems) in the city. It was carried out from May 2017 to January 2018 with the participation of the Center for Applied Aviation Research (ZAL) . Hamburg was represented with conference contributions on the topic at SXSW 2019 in Austin , Texas, USA. There has also been an urban air mobility project in Ingolstadt since June 2018. It is being implemented by Airbus , Deutsche Bahn , the DLR of the city of Ingolstadt , the University of Eichstätt and many other important project partners. It is about the use of aircraft as air taxis, considered z. B. for rescue services , for the transport of blood products. Traffic observation and public safety are also considered. Toulouse takes part in the European Urban Air Mobility initiative. The project is coordinated by Airbus, the European institutional partner Eurocontrol and the EASA (European Aviation Safety Agency).

implementation

The concept of urban air mobility has already been implemented in São Paulo , Brazil , for example . There, helicopters are used for the fast, traffic-free transport of people. This type of air taxi is also available in Mexico City . However, the fast air connections are associated with higher costs , they cause noise and consume a lot of energy . In Munich , the CSU proposed take-off and landing sites for electrically powered air taxis at the main train station.

Properties of the aircraft

A variety of electric aircraft are currently being developed for urban air mobility. These include projects such as the CityAirbus , the Lilium Jet or the Volocopter in Germany and internationally the EHang 216 and the Boeing PAV . Most of the aircraft for urban air mobility, which are still in the concept phase, have VTOL capabilities ( vertical take-offs and lander ) in order to be able to take off and land vertically in the city on a relatively small area. Most of the conceptual designs for urban air mobility are completely electrically powered and use a large number of rotors, among other things to minimize noise (due to the lower rotational speed this allows). At the same time, they create a high level of system redundancy. Some of them have already successfully completed their maiden flight.

The most common configurations of aircraft for urban air mobility as Multicopter designed helicopter (such as the Volocopter) or so-called flipper - and tiltrotor - convertible aircraft (eg. Vahana or Bell Nexus ). Multicopters use vertically acting rotors for hovering and level flight, while convertible planes can tilt their rotors for level flight.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ City of Ingolstadt: Urban Air Mobility - Mobility in the 3rd Dimension. Retrieved January 7, 2019 .
  2. ↑ URBAN AIR MOBILITY (UAM) MARKET STUDY. (PDF) In: nasa.gov. P. 5 , accessed on January 28, 2020 (English).
  3. ↑ URBAN AIR MOBILITY UAM Initiative & Network WiNDroVe. In: hamburg-aviation.de. HAMBURG AVIATION, accessed on March 16, 2020 .
  4. ↑ Economic use of drones: WiNDroVe project started. July 4, 2017, accessed August 20, 2019 .
  5. ↑ WiNDroVe - Economic use of drones in a metropolitan region - Hamburg The field of innovation. Retrieved August 20, 2019 .
  6. ↑ HAMBURG AVIATION [JG]: Hamburg brings Urban Air Mobility to South by Southwest in Texas. In: hamburg-aviation.de. March 13, 2019, accessed August 20, 2019 .
  7. ↑ What is the Urban Air Mobility project about? In: ingolstadt.de. Retrieved January 28, 2020 .
  8. ↑ Urban Air Mobility: Toulouse Métropole rejoint un partenariat européen pour préparer la mobilité de demain. In: cerema.fr. September 20, 2018, accessed August 20, 2019 (French).
  9. ↑ Voom. Accessed August 20, 2019 .
  10. ^ Andreas Thellmann: The Future of Urban Air Mobility - TEDxWHU. March 20, 2018, accessed August 18, 2019 .
  11. ↑ Lukas Schauer: CSU wants to prepare the main train station for short-haul air taxis. Abendzeitung Digital GmbH & Co KG, July 3, 2018, accessed on August 18, 2019 .
  12. ^ Urban Air Mobility - the sky is yours. Retrieved January 7, 2019 .
  13. ↑ Airbus Helicopters News & Media Relations: CityAirbus: Media Backgrounder. (PDF) Accessed January 7, 2019 .
  14. ↑ Shamiyeh M., Bijewitz J., Hornung M .: A Performance Benchmark of Recent Personal Air Vehicle Concepts for Urban Air Mobility. (PDF) Accessed January 7, 2019 .
  15. ↑ UBER Elevate: Fast-Forwarding to a Future of On-Demand Urban Air Transportation. (PDF) Accessed January 7, 2019 .
  16. ↑ Shamiyeh M., Bijewitz J., Hornung M .: Review of Recent Personal Air Vehicle Concepts .