Vääna

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Coordinates: 59 ° 23 '  N , 24 ° 25'  E

Map: Estonia
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Vääna​
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Estonia

Vääna (German Fähna ) is a village ( Estonian küla ) in the Estonian rural community Harku ( Hark ) in Harju County ( Harrien ). Vääna is about 20 km from the Estonian capital Tallinn . The village has 266 inhabitants (as of June 1, 2010).

Location and history

Ruins of the Fähna order castle

Vääna is located in the glacial valley of the North Estonian river Vääna jõgi . The 407 hectare nature reserve was established in 1991. In it is the Tõlinõmme moor with its lake of the same name. It is a biotope for numerous bird species. The lake, which was still 34 hectares in size until the end of the 1930s, has now shrunk to 6 hectares.

The place Vääna was first mentioned in 1325 under the name Feyena . It used to belong to the parish Keila ( cone ). In 1862 a school was opened in Vääna.

In 1913 a narrow-gauge railway between Nõmme-Väike and Vääna was put into operation. The railway line initially served military purposes when, between 1912 and 1918, the tsarist army expanded the coastal batteries on the Estonian north coast and on the islands to form the so-called sea ​​fortress of Emperor Peter the Great . In 1933 rail traffic was put into civil service. Rail traffic was given up in 1959. Three years later the tracks were removed. The old station building is still preserved.

Vääna manor

Vääna mansion

Vääna is best known for its historic manor house and the surrounding, almost 12 hectare, romantic park.

The Fähna estate is documented from the 14th century. From 1325 to 1460 it was owned by the von Bremen family. In the Middle Ages it belonged to the Padise ( Padis ) monastery . In the 16th century the estate was owned by the noble Baltic German family Tiesenhausen . Afterwards it belonged to various Baltic German families and was destroyed in the Northern War before it passed into the ownership of the von Stackelberg family in 1774. The most famous owner was Otto Magnus von Stackelberg . He was a great art lover, researcher and collector of antiquities, who expanded and completed the collections of art treasures founded by Peter Friedrich von Dücker . He maintained an art gallery in the western dome pavilion. His collection was one of the most valuable in Estonia.

The mansion was completed in 1797. It was given its appearance in the late baroque style according to the plans of an unknown Italian architect from 1784. The building is more reminiscent of a castle with its round pavilions, which have illusionistic coffered ceiling paintings and are connected via a gallery. The windows, pilasters and pilaster strips underline this impression .

The Fähna estate was owned by the von Stackelberg family until the Estonian land reform in 1919 . A kindergarten, elementary school and the local library have been located in the manor house since 1920. Of the outbuildings, the schnapps distillery, which the architect Friedrich Modi built in 1871, and a warehouse from the 1880s have been preserved.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.eestigiid.ee/?SCat=38&CatID=0&ItemID=569
  2. ↑ http://www.eestigiid.ee/?SCat=15&CatID=0&ItemID=156
  3. ↑ Indrek Rohtmets: Kultuurilooline Eestimaa. Tallinn 2004 ( ISBN 9985-3-0882-4 ), p. 126
  4. ^ Thea Karin: Estonia. Cultural and scenic diversity in a historical borderland between east and west. Cologne 1994 (= DuMont art and landscape guide ) ISBN 3-7701-2614-9 , p. 98