Valentine Penrose

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Valentine Penrose , née Boué , (born January 1, 1898 in Mont-de-Marsan , Landes department , † August 7, 1978 in Chiddingly , East Sussex , United Kingdom ) was a French writer and surrealist artist .

Life

Valentine Boué in 1898 in Mont-de-Marsan, the daughter of a Colonel ( Colonel born). The family moved to Paris when she was very young. In 1916 she began studying at the École des Beaux-Arts .

In 1925 she married the English artist, art historian and author Roland Penrose (1900–1984), whom she had met in Cassis in 1924 , and joined the surrealist groups in Paris and Great Britain. The divorce occurred in 1937, but they met again in London during World War II ; she had joined the French Resistance at this time . After the war she lived for a long time with Roland Penrose, his second wife, the American photojournalist Lee Miller and son Antony Penrose , in their Farley Farm House in Chiddingly. She died there in 1978, a year after Lee Miller.

plant

Valentine Penrose wrote surrealist poems that reflect her knowledge of automatic writing . She also created surrealistic collages and painted with techniques such as Max Ernst's frottage and Wolfgang Paalen's fumage . Dons des Féminines (1951) combines her collages with poems. Best known was her fictional biography from 1962 about the serial killer Elisabeth Báthory (1560-1614).

Inspired by the Spanish occultist Count Galarza Santa Clara , Penrose showed great interest in mysticism , alchemy and the occult. She traveled to India several times, visited an ashram and learned Sanskrit . In 1936 she accompanied the French-born poet and painter Alice Rahon , the wife of Wolfgang Paalen, on a trip to India . Their close friendship was shown in her poems from 1936 onwards. From then on Penrose wrote on lesbian subjects, the protagonists were the lovers Emily and Rubia, whose names she and Alice Rahon represented. Martha's Opéra (1945) and Dons des Féminines (1951) deserve special mention .

Paul Éluard admired her work and wrote forewords for Herbe à la lune (1935) and Dons des féminines (1951).

Publications

Poems

  • Imagerie d'Épinal . Les Cahiers du Sud, Marseille 1926 (poèmes).
  • Tart a la mood . Éditions GLM, Paris 1935 (foreword by Paul Éluard).
  • Sorts de la lueur . Éditions GLM, Paris 1937.
  • Poemes . Éditions GLM, Paris 1937.
  • Dons des Féminines . Les pas Perdus, Paris 1951 (collages and poems by Valentine Penrose. One edition had additional illustrations by Pablo Picasso . Foreword by Paul Éluard).
  • Les Magies . Les Mains Libres, Paris 1972 (with a lithograph by Joan Miró ).
  • Ecrits d'une femme surréaliste . Ed .: Georgiana MM Colville. J. Losfeld, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-84412-091-1 (anthology).

prose

  • Le Nouveau Candide . Éditions GLM, Paris 1936 (frontispiece by Wolfgang Paalen ).
  • Martha's Opéra . Fontaine, Paris 1945.
  • Erzsébet Báthory la Comtesse sanglante . Gallimard / Mercure de France, 1962.
    • German edition: The bloody Countess Erzsébet Báthory . Verlag der Europäische Bücherei Hieronimi, Bonn 1965.

Filmography

Valentine Penrose has appeared in the following films:

literature

  • Renée Riese Hubert: Magnifying Mirrors: Women, Surrealism, & Partnership . University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln 1994, ISBN 0-8032-2370-6 , pp. 87–111 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  • Georgiana MM Colvile: Through an Hour-glass lightly: Valentine Penrose and Alice Rahon Paalen. In: Russell King, Bernard McGuirk (Eds.): Reconceptions Reading Modern French Poetry . University of Nottingham, 1996, pp. 81-112 ( open.ac.uk [PDF]).
  • Antony Penrose: The house of the surrealists: the circle of friends around Lee Miller and Roland Penrose . Nicolai, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-87584-164-6 (Original title: The home of the surrealists: Lee Miller, Roland Penrose, and their circle at Farley Farm . 2001.).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d e Colvile, Georgiana: Dictionnaire littéraire des femmes de langue française: De Marie de France à Marie NDiaye . Ed .: Christiane P. Makward, Madeleine Cottenet-Hage. Karthala, 1997, Penrose, Valentine Boué, p. 463-465 (French, karthala.com ).
  2. ^ Henri Béhar: Mélusine 23 - Dedans - Dehors . In: Cahiers du Center de Recherche sur le Surréalisme . No. XXIII . L'Âge d'Homme, Lausanne 2003, ISBN 2-8251-1751-X , p. 310 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  3. ↑ Kate Kellaway: Tony Penrose: 'With Picasso, the rule book was torn up' . In: The Guardian , August 22, 2010. Retrieved May 8, 2014. 
  4. ↑ a b Paula Roush: Les deux amies / The two girlfriends (Gifts of the Feminine) . Fundação EDP, Lisbon. 2013. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
  5. ↑ Quoted from: Georgiana MM Colvile: Through an Hour-glass lightly: Valentine Penrose and Alice Rahon Paalen
  6. ↑ Penrose, Valentine . Writers History Literature Portal. Archived from the original on May 8, 2014. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved May 8, 2014. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / writershistory.com
  7. ↑ 3388: Penrose, Valentine: Dons des Feminines . Retrieved May 10, 2014.
  8. ^ Pablo Picasso: Valentine Penrose, Dons de Féminines, Les Pas perdus . Christies. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
  9. ↑ The golden age . IMBD. Retrieved December 7, 2014.
  10. ↑ La Garope . IMDB. Retrieved December 7, 2014.
personal data
SURNAME Penrose, Valentine
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Boué, Valentine (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French poet and painter
DATE OF BIRTH January 1, 1898
PLACE OF BIRTH Mont-de-Marsan ( Landes department )
DATE OF DEATH 7th August 1978
Place of death Chiddingly , East Sussex