Vanoxerine

Structural formula
General
Non-proprietary name	Vanoxerine
other names	1- [2- (4,4-difluorobenzhydryloxy) ethyl] -4- (3-phenylpropyl) piperazine; GBR-12909;
Molecular formula	C 28 H 32 F 2 N 2 O
External identifiers / databases
PubChem	3455
ChemSpider	3337
DrugBank	DB03701
Wikidata	Q2510480
Drug information
Drug class	Dopamine reuptake inhibitors
properties
Molar mass	450.56 g · mol -1
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances	no GHS pictograms
	no GHS pictograms
H and P phrases	H: no H-phrases
	P: no P-phrases
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Vanoxerine , also known as GBR-12909 known is a piperazine - derivative , which in humans as a selective dopamine reuptake inhibitor acts (SDRI). It was developed as a substitute for the treatment of cocaine addicts in order to alleviate the psychological withdrawal symptoms . GBR-12909 binds the dopamine re -uptake transporter like cocaine , but 100 times stronger without having a notable stimulating effect, since in contrast to cocaine it prevents the simultaneous release of dopamine. The half-life of vanoxerine is also much longer than that of cocaine.

Vanoxerin has been in the second phase since 2006; that is, experiments are made on humans.

There was also a capric acid - ester of a hydroxy-Vanoxerins developed (DBL-583) serving as custodian syringe can be given and about acting for a month.

Individual evidence

↑ Data sheet GBR 12909 dihydrochloride from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on December 14, 2012 ( PDF ).
↑ Differential Reinforcing Effects of Cocaine and GBR-12909: Biochemical Evidence for Divergent Neuroadaptive Changes in the Mesolimbic Dopaminergic System The Journal of Neuroscience, December 1, 1996, 16 (23): 7416-7427 (PDF; 884 kB).

[Sigma-1] Data sheet GBR 12909 dihydrochloride from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on December 14, 2012 ( PDF ).

[2] Differential Reinforcing Effects of Cocaine and GBR-12909: Biochemical Evidence for Divergent Neuroadaptive Changes in the Mesolimbic Dopaminergic System The Journal of Neuroscience, December 1, 1996, 16 (23): 7416-7427 (PDF; 884 kB).