Literacy (writing)

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As literacy (also textualization , Verschriftung ) is called in ethnology and the media and cultural studies the process of textualization a previously unwritten language . To do this, the sounds and phonemes of the language must be analyzed and assigned to the corresponding characters .

Tools

The international phonetic transcription , which is also used in Wikipedia, as well as the Unicode for the processing of characters with the computer are used today as aids in literacy .

History of literacy

Literacy was promoted early on by the Christian mission to bring the Bible to the people in their own language. The best known historical example of this is the Cyrillic script named after Cyrill of Saloniki . Some states that have not yet written languages ​​are making efforts to develop a written form. Haarmann reports on Russia's cultural-political efforts, which also include the creation of writing systems. Other initiatives come from linguists who are trying to record endangered languages. An important institution in this regard is the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics in Nijmegen with its Documentation of Threatened Languages (DoBeS), which also has to cope with literacy problems, as Meyer-Arlt reports using the example of the Aweti language spoken in the Amazon region .

literature

  • Article transcription. In: Helmut Glück (Hrsg.): Metzler Lexikon Sprache. 4th, updated and revised edition. Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2010, ISBN 978-3-476-02335-3 .
  • Jan-Dirk Müller : image - verse - prose commentary using the example of fencing books. Problems of writing down a practice without writing. In: Hagen Keller , Klaus Grubmüller, Nikolaus Staubach (eds.): Pragmatic writing in the Middle Ages. Appearances and stages of development. Munich 1992 (= Münstersche Mittelalter-Schriften. Volume 65), pp. 251–282.

Web links

Wiktionary: Writing  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ A note on this under the aspect of language planning: David Crystal : The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language. Campus Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1993, ISBN 3-593-34824-1 , page 365. With regard to Creol languages see: Hans Joachim Störig : Adventure Language. A journey through the languages ​​of the earth. 2nd, revised edition. Humboldt-Taschenbuchverlag, Munich 1997, ISBN 3-581-66936-6 , page 359f.
  2. ↑ On the problem of the attribution of the Cyrillic script goes into: Bernard Comrie , Stephen Matthews, Maria Polinsky (eds.): Bildatlas der Sprachen. Origin and Development of Languages. Nikol Verlag, Hamburg 2007, ISBN 3-937872-84-1 , page 193f.
  3. ↑ Harald Haarmann : The world of languages ​​in Europe. History and future of the language nations between the Atlantic and the Urals. Campus Verlag, Frankfurt / New York 1993, ISBN 3-593-34825-X , page 251ff.
  4. ↑ DoBeS Documentation of Endangered Languages ​​/ Documentation of Endangered Languages , accessed May 6, 2016 (website in Bahasa Indonesia , English, Spanish, French, Portuguese and Russian).
  5. ↑ Ronald Meyer-Arlt: Hunter of the lost sentence . In: Eichsfelder Tageblatt. Regional edition of the Central German General . No. 125, June 1, 2013, page 33f.