Vestiaria
Vestiaria is a place and a former Portuguese municipality ( Freguesia ) in the Alcobaça district in the Leiria district , in the historic province of Estremadura . The community had 1266 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2011) and an area of 6.7 km². Five other villages belonged to it. Vestiaria goes back to the founding of the Abbey of Alcobaça under the name Vila de São Bernardo at the beginning of the 16th century.
Geography and etymology
The former municipality is located on a hill of up to 170 meters northwest above the monastery of Alcobaça, 1 km from the city of Alcobaça. On its northwestern side, the former municipal area drops steeply into a plain, where the Pederneira lagoon was located until the Middle Ages . There the Alcoa River flows into the lagoon at Fervença . It is believed that there was a beacon on the hill , which has been used in Cós on this lagoon since the 8th century BC. Phoenicians who settled in BC were built to protect their shipping. Vestea is said to be of Phoenician origin (in it the word stems of Hestia and Vesta , the ancient goddesses of the bridled fire, sound ) and signify light point. The beacon on the former lagoon is reproduced in a large azulejo image in the center of the village. According to another opinion, the name goes back to Vestiaria-based tailors who made the clothing ( vestes , Portuguese for garment) for the abbey .
history
The former municipality of Vestiaria was part of the immediate settlement area of Alcobaça with - besides the possible Phoenician - Roman , Wisigothic and Moorish traces. The community itself was not founded until 1506, when King Manuel I (1469–1521) assigned the area to the abbey as direct possession. This was done to compensate for the loss of territorial sovereignty rights that the abbey had suffered as a result of the urban reform carried out by Manuel in the Coutos de Alcobaça , the secular domain of the abbey. As a result of this reform, the 13 cities of the abbey received limited self-government and their own lower jurisdiction, but remained tributary . The abbey then founded the Vila S. Bernardo , named after its own founder, Bernhard von Clairvaux , on the hill above their monastery , but the name Vestiaria soon caught on . The abbot of Alcobaça had justified the project with his request to the king by saying that a place was needed to accommodate criminals, but this was never realized.
Monuments of the abbey
With the foundation, the monks also built the current parish church of Vestiaria, which is dedicated to Nossa Senhora d'Ajuda ( Mary, Help of Christians ). Over the years, the church has been rebuilt several times, but its Manueline facade with portal is still preserved . The portal is crowned by the coat of arms of the Abbot of Alcobaça and the royal shield as well as the armillary sphere , which found its way into the modern national coat of arms of Portugal . The Capela de Santo António , which was rebuilt in its current form in 1798 , also goes back to an early church of the monks . The Quinta do Cidral is one of the oldest Meierhöfe of the abbey (granjas) , the area of which extends down to Alcobaça. According to legend, the quinta is said to have been connected to the monastery by an underground passage.
Termas da Piedade
Northwest of Vestiaria at the foot of the steep hill there on the edge of the river Alcoa and in the area of the shore of the former lagoon of Pederneira are often mistakenly the neighboring Maiorga assigned Termas da Piedade . The thermal springs are said to have been used as early as Roman times, but did not experience their heyday until the 16th century. At that time, the future King Cardinal Henrique I (1512-1580), who had also been Abbot of Alcobaça since 1540, founded a smaller ancillary monastery there, where a small church, the Capela Senhora da Piedade, was also built. The monks expanded the thermal springs, built the first bathhouse and initially operated the thermal baths named after their chapel. In more recent times, a hotel of the same name has been built, which is still operating today, although the original wells had to be closed in 1997 due to contamination of the well water.
present
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Today's population lives from agriculture, especially fruit growing, and is employed in the businesses in the region. Well known is the Sociedade Filarmónica Vestiariense , an orchestra that was founded in 1906 by the then local chaplain Father José Cacella and has won several national and international awards.
On September 29, 2013, the Freguesias Vestiaria and Alcobaça were merged to form the new Freguesia União das Freguesias de Alcobaça e Vestiaria .
literature
- Maria Zulmira Albuquerque Furtado Marques: '' Monumentos do antigos coutos des Alcobaça '', in: '' Roteiro Cultural da Região de Alcobaça '', Alcobaça 2001, ISBN 972-98064-3-8 , pages 111-135
Web links
- Map of the Freguesia Vestiaria at the Instituto Geográfico do Exército
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hestia also had the meaning of hearth in ancient Greek; the goddess Hestia was already found among the indigenous people of Greece and the neighboring cultures, cf. Reinhold Merkelbach: Hestia and Erigone, lectures and essays. Stuttgart and Leipzig 1996, ISBN 3519074389 , p. 53
- ↑ empire Romanum.com
- ^ Page of the Câmara Municipial de Alcobaça ( Memento of March 14, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (Portuguese)
- ^ Page of the municipality: History ( Memento of May 29, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) (Portuguese)
- ↑ a b Igreja matriz da Vestiaria, também denominada "Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Ajuda". In: Pesquisa Geral - Pesquisa do Patrimonio. Direção Geral do Património Cultural , accessed March 28, 2018 (Portuguese).
- ↑ Maria Zulmira Marques Albuquerque Furtado: Monumentos do antigos Couto of Alcobaça. In: Roteiro Cultural da Região de Alcobaça. Alcobaça 2001, ISBN 972-98064-3-8 , p. 114
- ↑ a b page of the municipality ( Memento from May 29, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) (Portuguese)
- ↑ Page of the Portuguese Baths Association (Portuguese)
- ^ Publication of the administrative reorganization in the Diário da República gazette of January 28, 2013, accessed on October 1, 2014
Coordinates: 39 ° 33 ′ N , 9 ° 0 ′ W