Vigintisexviri
The Vigintisexviri (literally "26 men"; singular Vigintisexvir ), in the imperial period Vigintiviri , were a collegium of simple judges and officials (magistratus minores) who entered ancient Rome , even before they entered the senatorial career , the cursus honorum , had to do certain public tasks (including minting coins, road building, city cleaning, penal execution). At the age of 18 you could become a member. Like most Roman offices, it was held for a year.
The Vigintisexvirate formed in the middle republic . In the 1st century BC It consisted of the following offices:
- the three Triumviri capitales
- the three triumviri monetales
- the Quatuorviri viarum curandarum (four men for the streets in the city)
- den Duoviri viis extra urbem purgandis (two men for the streets outside the city)
- the ten Decemviri (st) litibus iudicandis , and
- the four prefects for the administration of justice in Campania .
In the republic, the Vigintisexvirate served as a springboard for a career in public service for the sons of senators. Gaius Iulius Caesar had worked as curator viarum and as such had parts of the Via Appia restored.
During Augustus ' principate , the Senate decided before 13 BC. A senatus consultum , which ended the participation of the two curators for the streets outside Rome and the four Campanian prefects and thus reduced the collegium to 20 men (vigintiviri). In addition, the occupation of the offices was now reserved for the knighthood ( Ordo equester ) . The offices of the Vigintivirate were usually held as the first step in the career ladder by young knights or senator's sons who aspired to a senatorial career. The functions of mint master or decemvir were more respected than those of road overseers or tresviri capitales .
literature
- Sarah Hillebrand: The Vigintivirate. Prosopographic research for the period from Augustus to Domitian. Dissertation University of Heidelberg 2006 ( online ).
- Wilhelm Kierdorf : Viginti (sex) viri. In: The New Pauly (DNP). Volume 12/2, Metzler, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-476-01487-8 .
Remarks
- ^ Cassius Dio 54, 26, 7 ( English translation ).