Viktoria-Luise-Gymnasium
| Viktoria-Luise-Gymnasium | |
|---|---|
|
|
| type of school | high school |
| founding | 1859 |
| address |
Grütterstrasse 10-12 |
| place | Hamelin |
| country | Lower Saxony |
| Country | Germany |
| Coordinates | 52 ° 6 '0 " N , 9 ° 21' 45" E |
| carrier | City of Hameln |
| student | 1,206 (2019/2020) |
| Teachers | 103 (Source: Lower Saxony Philology Yearbook 2006/2007) |
| management | Josephine Kappes |
| Website | www.vikilu.de |
The Viktoria-Luise-Gymnasium in Hameln was founded in October 1859 as a municipal secondary school for girls. It is based on a previous institution that was formed at the end of the 18th century.
profile
The Viktoria-Luise-Gymnasium in Hameln is very musically committed and has several music working groups. These include proven styles such as the Swinging College Big Band, which is known throughout Lower Saxony, and other musical working groups. These include orchestras, rock bands, numerous choirs and school bands organized by the students themselves. There are special music classes for support through additional music lessons. Every year the school concert takes place in the Hamelin Theater, at which the music working groups, such as big band and orchestra, as well as individual contributions as well as music classes and bands create the program. In addition, a pre-Christmas concert takes place in the Hamelin Minster every December.
history
prehistory
On May 3, 1790, at the instigation of the Mining Commissioner Johann Friedrich Westrumb and with the help of the Ratsschultheißen Lüder and the pastors Gumbrecht and Evers, a "New School for Daughters" was founded. However, this school had to close in 1812 due to the economic hardship. Only the normal city girls' school remained for the pupils. For the more advanced, a “1. Class “set up. It was initially housed on the ground floor of the boys' school on the south side of the cathedral and then moved to the primary parish church on the cathedral.
In addition, there was the private "daughter school" of the teacher Justine Rothermund (1800–1833).
Senior Franz Georg Ferdinand Schläger , head clergyman in Hameln since 1822 and publisher of the "Hamelschen Advertisements", called in his newspaper on September 11, 1823 for the establishment of a new daughter's school, which began teaching on April 26, 1824. It was initially headed by his colleague Friedrich Sprenger (born 1792), and then by himself after his death on January 26, 1836.
In October 1827 Mrs. Rothermund's school opened in the Schläger institute. Justine Rothermund was taken on as the main teacher of the new institution in the contract concluded with Schläger and Sprenger. Schläger's successor as headmaster was the second city preacher of Wellhausen at Easter 1857. A conflict between Wellhausen and the teaching staff over the school's saved capital led to the dismissal of four teachers in 1858. They planned to found a competing institute, which led to the intervention of the city of Hameln. This ended the girls' school in church hands.
Under city management
On October 1st, 1859, which is considered to be the founding date of the school, the "higher school for girls" was taken over by the city of Hameln . At that time the school building was on the Münsterkirchhof. Pastor Hermann Müller became the first headmaster. As the rooms at the Münsterkirchhof became too small, the school moved to Bäckerstraße. As early as 1861, these existing rooms were no longer sufficient either, and people switched to a building on Bungelosenstrasse that is no longer there today. The number of female pupils grew from 59 to 178 between 1859 and 1899. In 1861 only full-time teachers were employed. In 1865/66 the 3rd class was split and in 1872 the 5th class was added. In 1873/74, school attendance was extended to six years. In 1874 the school, which had accumulated a fortune of 22,000 marks since its foundation, came under municipal administration.
In the imperial era
The headmaster, Pastor Hermann Müller, left the school in July 1870 to go to Hanover as director of the seminar. His successor was Theodor Thiesing, who died in 1873 at the age of 32. He was succeeded by the decision of the city council in July of that year by Friedrich Brandes, who ran the school until his death on December 27, 1898. In May 1894 there was a reorganization of the higher girls' school system in Prussia. Above all, the requirements for the prior training of teachers have been reformed. This was also made more precise by further implementing provisions of August 9, 1899. The city decided to develop a “Higher Girls School” based on the guidelines from the previous “Daughter School”. Director Brandes had campaigned for the school to move to a new building in Grütterstrasse, which construction began in 1897.
After August Christian Dähling ran the school as the longest-serving teacher for a few months, Alfred Lentz, a new director, was appointed in September 1899. On September 23, 1899, the new building was occupied and the new headmaster, Alfred Lentz, was solemnly introduced to his office. The Association of Former Schoolgirls was founded on January 9, 1900, and one year later it had around 150 members. The association supported u. a. needy schoolgirls who could not afford the school fees. He also organized scientific lectures and concerts in the auditorium.
On April 1, 1900, the school took over the private daughter school of the Riefkohl Medical Council, which was founded in 1885. Headmaster Lentz expanded the course to nine grade levels with one class each. In addition, there was a “Selecta” as the 10th school year with voluntary courses. Since 1904, the 10th school year became compulsory after it had previously been completed on a voluntary basis. The number of female students rose to over 300 this year.
In 1904 the school got its name because of the visit of Kaiser Wilhelm II in Hameln. The visit on August 17, 1904 was an important social event. The monarch traveled with his wife and children, including a. also with his daughter Viktoria-Luise . The previous "Higher Girls' School" received permission from Kaiser Wilhelm II on January 23, 1905 to use the name of his daughter, Viktoria-Luise, at the request of the teaching staff.
As was customary at the time, the Viktoria-Luise-Gymnasium was very loyal to the emperor and patriotic. Every year, the birthday of Kaiser Wilhelm II was celebrated on January 27th and the day of the German victory in the Battle of Sedan on September 2nd. Other patriotic days of remembrance were also celebrated with speeches, songs and poems in the auditorium. Even on January 27, 1919, a few months after the overthrow of the monarchy, there was still a ceremony for the emperor's birthday.
In October 1905, the headmaster Alfred Lentz attended the teachers' seminar and the associated training school in Minden. For Hameln he planned a similar facility as a training seminar for teachers, which started work on May 22, 1906. For this purpose, the senior teacher Heinrich Spanuth , who later became the head of the school, was called to Hameln. The prospective teachers taught so-called "exercise classes", which consisted of pupils from the Hamelin elementary schools. After completing 10 years of schooling, 11 of 17 graduates decided in 1908 to become a teacher, which they could learn in the new seminar. In March 1908, the city decided to build a new building next to the school building from 1899 because the number of female pupils had almost doubled to 364 since then. There was also a competition. In the next few years, the building was built on the corner plot of Grütterstrasse / Kaiserstrasse. In 1909 the seminar moved into the Art Nouveau building built by the architect Otto Michalski, who won the competition, which contained the drawing room, teachers' room and physics room. In 1909 the first female graduates also completed the seminar.
This also corresponded to the tendency of Prussian legislation, which stipulated in a provision of August 18, 1908 that at least half of the hours in the middle and upper grades were to be held by academic teachers. Just one year after the new regulations were enacted, the Viktoria-Luise-Schule fulfilled all the requirements to be recognized by the provincial school council in Hanover as a higher school in the new sense. However, the qualification did not entitle to university studies, only to teaching. The course could only be started after two years at a school. Many former high school students stayed the required time as teachers at the school in order to finally be able to begin their scientific studies. Some later returned to the Viktoria-Luise-Schule as assessors.
Viktoria-Luise-Gymnasium had been called " Oberlyzeum " since 1908 , as it led to the teachers' seminar beyond grade 10. In 1910, almost 50 female teacher applicants were trained.
On 22./23. October 1909 celebrated the 50th anniversary of the Viktoria-Luise-Schule. After a festive evening in the Hotel “Monopol”, the ceremony followed the next day. a. the director was presented with the Order of the Red Eagle, 4th class, awarded by the emperor. In the afternoon they met for a festival performance in which there was speculation about the school in 1959: They were convinced that there would be co-education by then. In reality, however, it did not happen that “quickly”.
The number of female pupils rose to 378 in 1910, and the “Daughter School” was renamed “Higher Girls School”. Heinrich Spanuth initially took over the school as the new director on April 16, 1912. In February 1913, the school's namesake, Princess Viktoria-Luise, became engaged to the Guelph Prince Ernst August (III.) Of Hanover , the last ruling Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg.
First World War
At the beginning of the war, school lessons were initially ended. On August 5, 1914, Director Spanuth asked the students to “serve the fatherland” (DWZ) during these difficult days. Many older students made themselves available to the “Patriotic Women's Association”. Classes started again on August 10th, but there were repeated school breaks during German victories. School operations also suffered from the drafting of teachers and, in the first few weeks, from the restrictions on train traffic, on which many foreign students were dependent. Many parents did not want their children to travel by train under the war conditions, or they had to help with their parents' business because their sons had gone to war. Numerous letters with this content to the school management are preserved in the city archive. A school teacher was also arrested for allegedly watching troop transports passing through the train station. The rooms of the Hermannschule were already used as a hospital in September 1914 . The elementary school pupils therefore moved into some rooms of the Viktoria-Luise-Gymnasium, and in the basement of the new building, “gifts of love” made by the pupils were collected for the troops. With the help of the soldiers billeted in the gym, the parcels were then brought to the train station and distributed to the soldiers. Due to the war and the English naval blockade, there was a great shortage of various goods, some of which were to be replaced by substitutes. The pupils therefore collected old materials and gold for the Reichsbank and made clothing and everyday items for the army. In addition, materials for oil extraction and nettles as cotton substitutes are collected. Official edicts also decreed material savings, e.g. B. the re-use of exercise books was ordered beyond the end of the year.
Weimar Republic
The new state order also brought democratic reforms to the school sector: a “teachers' trust committee” was set up, and for 18 months there was even a “ school community ” representing the pupils and elected class representatives. However, the reform promoted by the new, democratic government in Berlin was hardly implemented at the school, as was generally the case, and, since the establishment of the school community could be rejected with a qualified majority, it was soon abolished. Nevertheless, instead of Sedan Day, the Weimar Constitution Day was celebrated in the auditorium. By 1922 the number of female students had risen to 600. New methods also found their way: The “work lessons”, in which the pupils, for example, were encouraged by the authorities and largely rejected by the teaching staff, were introduced. B. should develop history from written sources yourself. Between the years 1922 and 1924, the newly built upper level was removed by a resolution of the council and a stone was placed in the way of equality with the high school for boys. The reasons for this were austerity measures by the city and the conversion of teacher training, which was shifted from schools to seminars. Other cities reacted to the new legal situation with the establishment of a "new type of upper lyceum", at which the girls with the Abitur now obtained the general university entrance qualification, and no longer just, as before, the authorization to teach at higher girls' schools. In Hameln, on the other hand, girls who wanted to take the Abitur had to apply for admission to the boys' grammar school, which was approved in some cases. In 1925 the practice classes and the old-style teacher training were finally abolished. The now “Lyceum” now finished with the “Mittlere Reife”. This meant numerous layoffs and transfers for the teaching staff. There were even plans to abolish high schools altogether, as secondary school was also offered by middle schools. Parenthood, which only remained to send their daughters to grammar school - the boys' school - and the teachers fought against it, however, and so in 1927 the abolition of the upper level was withdrawn and the school became the "new style upper lyceum". The new "Obersekunda" was set up as early as 1927. However, there was no longer any teacher training here.
Even after the reconstruction of the upper school, the teaching staff suffered from the austerity measures ordered by the Prussian government during the economic crisis from 1929 onwards. In addition to drastic wage cuts, there was also the threat of job cuts and layoffs. The social hardship of the crisis years also affected the families of many schoolgirls who could no longer afford school fees.
In 1931 the first Abitur exams took place.
The lessons should now meet scientific requirements in the upper level and prepare for university studies. Therefore, modern scientific rooms were created.
In 1926 the "Rowing Association of the Upper Lyceum" (RVO) was founded, which had its own boathouse on the Weser. In the summer, numerous schoolgirls took part in rowing under the direction of the association's “protector”, the teacher Gertrud Fischer. Hockey was played in winter. Later the RVO was part of the "Rowing Club of the Hamelin Gymnasien RVGH".
School festivals with dance and theater regularly took place on the Klüt in summer. In August the whole school took part in the “Reich Youth Competitions”, the forerunner of the “Federal Youth Games”, in the “Hindenburg-Kampfbahn”, which later became the Bürgergarten. During the summer holidays, some rooms in the school served as a youth hostel.
The end of democracy was announced in school life at the graduation ceremony in 1932, when a schoolgirl gave a publicity speech for the Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM), the Nazi youth organization for girls. Director Heinrich Spanuth interrupted the speaker and finished the speech.
time of the nationalsocialism
After the Nazis came to power in 1933, Director Spanuth had to resign in May because he had repeatedly spoken out against National Socialism in public. He did not let announcements of the new government hang up in the school , he tried to prevent the participation of pupils in a torch parade on the " Day of Potsdam ". The Nazis cleverly exploited the wish of many schoolgirls to turn against the authority of the teachers for their own purposes. Spanuth was given early retirement. Heinrich Kranz, the longest-serving colleague, became the provisional headmaster, who, as the speech manuscripts from 1933 and 1934 show, tried to go as little as possible into the zeitgeist without causing displeasure among those in power. In 1934 he was replaced by Heinrich Schwarz, who ran the school until 1945. Contrary to the fears of some colleagues, he did not turn out to be a fanatical Nazi in spite of party membership, although he had received the post because of this membership. All orders from the authorities were implemented, but little else happened.
As a result of National Socialist school policy, the school was converted in 1939 into a "secondary school for girls" with a domestic focus. School time had already been cut by a year in 1937.
Played a major role in this period of the National Association for Germans abroad , which had been founded in 1881 as University Union to the cultural and social life of the Germans abroad to promote. After being brought into line after 1933, it served - here too - Nazi folk propaganda. The pupils go on trips to the border region, but speakers were usually invited to report on the life of German minorities abroad. Usually this was done with reference to their suppression by the respective government.
After the start of the Second World War on September 1, 1939, a military hospital was set up in the city's middle school and the students of this institution moved into the old building. At the end of October - there weren't that many wounded at first - the middle school moved back to its ancestral building. Because of the coal shortage, the school moved into the middle school building for a few months in February 1940. Classes took place in shifts in the mornings and afternoons. In May we went back to the new house on Kaiserstrasse, the old one was attended by elementary schools. In September 1941, after the German invasion of the Soviet Union , the building of the middle school was used as a military hospital, the pupils of which pushed the elementary schools out of the old house of the Viktoria-Luise-Schule. The number of female pupils initially fell to 250. From February 1942, the entire school was used as a hospital. During this time, lessons took place in eight rooms of the "Hermannschule", while physics lessons in the boys' high school. In addition to these disruptions in teaching, older students were assigned to collect raw materials and assignments. In addition, there was a “coal holiday” in January / February 1942, which meant that classes were canceled due to a lack of heating material. After that, the students were also accommodated in the “Vocational and Air Protection School” and in the basement rooms of the new house. Classes were again held in shifts. During this time, old files and class books also disappeared in the waste paper collection, which had to be carried out on the instructions of the Ministry of Education. The 1943/44 school year began with 334 students. This number rose slowly with the occupation of East Germany by Russian troops, as many expellees came to Hameln. There were also "bombed out" people from the big cities. Attempts were made to cope with the tense situation by cutting lessons, recruiting auxiliary teachers and shifting lessons. Towards the end of the war, classes were often canceled due to bomb attacks, or foreign students could not attend classes because the rail traffic was disrupted by attacks. In November 1944 the older pupils were called up for the Reich Labor Service and in February 1945 the Hermann School also became a military hospital. The Viktoria-Luise-Schule moved again, this time to eight rooms in the boys' grammar school. Before American military units moved into Hameln, the school building in Grütterstrasse was damaged by artillery fire.
post war period
After the occupation of Hameln by Allied troops, the military government announced on May 29, 1945 that all secondary schools would be closed until further notice. Private lessons were also prohibited. Teaching material from the time of the Third Reich was secured. The teachers had to fill out a questionnaire about their possible activity in the NSDAP. The pupils were employed in agriculture, which suffered from severe labor shortages. The previous headmaster Schwarz was removed from office on June 12 by the military government and replaced by Richard Wolter, who had been deputy director since 1942. On October 1, 1945, teaching in the higher schools was resumed. Since the building was still used as a hospital, lessons initially took place not every day and in various buildings in the city of Hameln. The building in Grütterstrasse was only able to do its original function as a school again in 1946. On May 1, 1946, Richard Schulz succeeded temporarily as director for the sick Wolter. In August 1947 Ilse Woltereck took over the management of the school. At that time she had a little over 600 female students who were taught in classes of 45 to 52 people. In 1949 the 90th anniversary of the school was celebrated. This year, the division was made into a linguistic and a scientific branch from year 9 onwards. Since then, the school has had two classes, sometimes even three classes. 298 of the 756 students came from families of displaced persons . The resulting high financial burden on the city led to a reduction in the number of parallel classes in the city's high schools. Only children from Hamelin were to be taught, which led to protests from their parents. From 1950 to 1951, private classes were set up and financed by the parents' association. The parents had to pay school fees. This situation did not end until 1951. In that year, the rooms under the roof, which had been damaged since the artillery fire in 1945, were repaired. Uniform curricula for girls and boys have existed since May 1952. Although since Easter 1953 both buildings in Grütterstrasse have been used exclusively by the Viktoria-Luise-Schule again, the shortage of space became very serious: 900 students had to be accommodated in the same rooms that had only accepted 300 students in 1910.
The 1960s
The 1960s were mainly characterized by construction work. The increasing number of pupils from around 250 to over 900 up to 1300 (in 1976) required extensions. In 1964 the apse of the Art Nouveau school building was removed. Between the two buildings of the school, a central wing was built in the functional style of the 1960s. In addition to classrooms and specialist rooms, the new building included a workroom (the former cafeteria, today classrooms), rooms for the secretariat, director and deputy, a new teachers' room and the break hall. The main entrance was also moved to the new wing. The new building was ready for occupancy at the beginning of the 1966 school year.
Co-education and course system
In 1972, coeducation was introduced at the Viktoria-Luise-Gymnasium ; today almost as many boys as girls attend the gymnasium. The number of pupils was around 750 in 1997. The course system, which is a nationwide reform of the upper level, was introduced at the Viktoria-Luise-Gymnasium on August 1, 1975.
The long-time school director Ilse Behrens retired in 1975 and was replaced by Jürgen Schoormann. Since 1978 Hameln has a study seminar on teacher training, with the school since then works closely. Construction work also continued, for example in 1978 when the auditorium was expanded. This created the large work library and several specialist rooms. In 1979 a triple sports hall was built. In 1982, additional classrooms and specialist rooms were built in an extension on Kaiserstrasse. In the course of the construction work, the facilities for all subjects were modernized, supplemented and, especially in the natural sciences, adapted to the requirements of the time. In 1984 the 125th anniversary of the Viktoria-Luise-Gymnasium was celebrated.
The latest time
The cafeteria opened in 1993. A rich menu of food was also set up with help from parents and students. After 23 years of service, the school director Jürgen Schoormann retired at the end of 1998 and was replaced by Klaus-Dieter Bloch in February 1999 after a transition period under the then deputy headmaster, Wolfgang Herrndorf. He brought international experience with u. a. from the German School in Tokyo. Since 2002 the school has been called "MedienProfilSchule" and promotes media education. The IT equipment has been considerably improved. Klaus-Dieter Bloch left school in August 2003 to work as headmaster at the German School in Washington .
Under the direction of Maria Bergmann as acting headmistress (2003-04), the difficult task of integrating the previous level of orientation was tackled.
Since August 2004, the school has been in grades 5 and 6 again and uses the previous building of the orientation level south in Hermannstrasse together with the Wilhelm Raabe school as a branch. Part of the 11th grade classes also take place here. The second foreign language already begins in grade 6. The total number of students rose to over 1,300.
In September 2004 Rainer Starke took over the management of the school. The implementation of the central high school diploma since 2006, the shortening of school time to 12 years, the renewed reform of the upper level (“upper level”) and the new school constitution have placed high demands on the school.
In February 2007 the city decided to build an urgently needed cafeteria for the school. The increasing number of classes in the afternoon makes this measure unavoidable. Construction began on July 19, 2007, the topping-out ceremony took place on November 18, 2007, and work was finally completed in April 2008. After the inauguration on April 4, operations began in the new part of the building. In October 2007, the newly founded school board began its work, the new school constitution came into force. The SMS school message service information service has been launched at regular intervals since the beginning of 2008 . In autumn 2009 the school celebrated its 150th anniversary with a week of festivities.
In February 2015 Michael Glaubitz became the new head of the school.
principal
| Surname | Term of office from | Term of office until |
|---|---|---|
| Friedrich Sprenger (1792–1836) | April 26, 1824 | January 26, 1836 |
| Franz Georg Ferdinand Schläger (1781–1869) | January 26, 1836 | April 1857 |
| Gerhard Julius August Wellhausen (1808–1861) | April 1857 | October 1, 1859 |
| Pastor Hermann Müller (1838–1908) | October 1, 1859 | July 29, 1870 |
| Theodor Thiesing (1841–1873) | July 29, 1870 | January 25, 1873 |
| Friedrich Brandes (1838–1898) | July 1873 | December 27, 1898 |
| August Christian Dähling (1834–1904, deputy) | December 27, 1898 | October 1, 1899 |
| Alfred Lentz (1860-1911) | October 1, 1899 | November 23, 1911 |
| Heinrich Spanuth (1873–1958, deputy until April 16, 1912) | November 23, 1911 | May 10, 1933 |
| Heinrich Kranz (1873–1948, deputy) | May 10, 1933 | April 16, 1934 |
| Heinrich Schwarz (1885–1949) | April 16, 1934 | June 12, 1945 |
| Richard Wolter (born 1889, deputy) | June 12, 1945 | May 1, 1946 |
| Richard Schulz (1905–1989) | May 1, 1946 | August 1, 1947 |
| Ilse Woltereck (1902–1992) | August 1, 1947 | April 5th 1954 |
| Ilse Behrens (1910-2007) | April 5th 1954 | July 31, 1975 |
| Jürgen Schoormann | 1st October 1975 | July 31, 1998 |
| Wolfgang Herrndorf (Deputy) | August 1, 1998 | January 31, 1999 |
| Klaus Dieter Bloch | February 1, 1999 | July 31, 2003 |
| Maria Bergmann (deputy) | August 1, 2003 | September 22, 2004 |
| Rainer Starke | September 22, 2004 | January 31, 2015 |
| Dr. Michael Glaubitz | February 13, 2015 | January 31, 2020 |
| Josephine Kappes | February 1, 2020 |
Known students
- Laurine Betz (* 1986), actress and voice actress
- Felicitas Hoppe (* 1960), writer
- Angela Kane (* 1948), Assistant Secretary General of the UN
- Dimitrij Ovtcharov (* 1988), table tennis player
- Saskia Richter (1978–2015), political scientist
- Johannes Schraps (* 1983), SPD member of the Bundestag
literature
- 150 years of Vikilu. Festschrift. Hamelin 2009
- School chronicle of the Viktoria-Luise-Gymnasium 1899–1947, StA Hameln, inventory 502, no. 1
- Annual reports of the Höhere Töchterschule Hameln 1899–1914; 1924-1931
- Festschrift for the 90th school anniversary, Hameln 1949
- Festschrift for the 100th school anniversary, Hameln 1959
- Festschrift for the 125th school anniversary, Hameln 1984
- Festschrift for the 150th school anniversary, Hameln 2009
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ City of Hameln - Urban Development Department: Statistical Data 2019. (PDF) Retrieved on February 8, 2020 .
- ^ Homepage of the school, accessed on February 16, 2015