Vladimir Petrovich Demichow

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The last head transplant shown by Wladimir Demichow on January 13, 1959 in the GDR

Vladimir Petrovich Demichow ( Russian Владимир Петрович Демихов ; born July 18, 1916 in Kulini , today Volgograd Oblast ; †  November 22, 1998 in Moscow ) was a Russian surgeon and pioneer of transplant surgery . He was particularly known for his experiments on dogs.

His work

Between 1930 and 1950 experimented with Demichow he invented artificial heart , bypass surgery and transplants of the heart and lungs . Among other things, he performed the first heart transplant in a warm-blooded animal , the first lung transplant and the first heart-lung transplant in the history of surgery. He was best known in public through operations in which he transplanted heads and fore bodies. His experiments were referred to in the Soviet Union as the " Sputnik of surgery".

Demichow's dissertation with the title "Experimental transplantation of vital organs" was published in 1960 and in 1962 was also published outside the Soviet Union . For a long time it was the only monograph on organ and tissue transplants. The South African heart surgeon Christiaan Barnard , who performed the first successful heart transplant on a human in 1967, visited Demichow's laboratory in 1960 and 1963. He regarded Demichow as his teacher.

During his experiments, Demichow erroneously assumed that the failure of donor organs was not caused by immune reactions but by inadequate surgical techniques. Based on this hypothesis , he developed 24 different surgical techniques for heart transplants on around 250 animals. In one dog, a postoperative survival time of 32 days was achieved.

Demichow died unnoticed in 1998, but shortly before his death received the medal “ For Merit to the Fatherland ”.

Publications

  • Demikhov, VP Experimental transplantation of vital organs. Authorized translation from the Russian by Basil Haigh./ New York: Consultant's Bureau, 1962

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ B. Ertl. Coronary transplant vasculopathy after heart transplantation depending on the immunosuppressive therapy regimen. (PDF; 1.4 MB) Dissertation, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 2007
  2. ↑ B. Reichart Heart and Heart Lung Transplantation on the Way to the Method. Verlag RS Schulz, 1987 ISBN 3-7962-0155-5

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Demichow, Vladimir Petrovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Демихов, Владимир Петрович (Russian spelling)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian pioneer of transplant surgery
DATE OF BIRTH July 18, 1916
PLACE OF BIRTH Kulini , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH November 22, 1998
Place of death Moscow , Russia