Bykanov made his debut in The Hague in November 2005 in the Short Track World Cup and finished in 72nd place over 1000 m, 64th place over 500 m and 47th place over 1500 m. In the 2010/11 season he achieved his first top ten placements in the World Cup with sixth place over 500 m in Shanghai and ninth place over 1000 m in Moscow . He achieved his best result so far at the World Short Track Championships in 2014 at the World Championships in Montreal with 13th place over 500 m. At the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi , he took 25th place over 1500 m, 24th place over 1000 m and 19th place over 500 m. The following year he was fourth in the all- around at the European Championships in Dordrecht . He won over 3000 m. He also achieved 19th place over 1500 m and sixth place over 500 m and 1000 m. In the 2015/16 season he finished in the top ten three times in the World Cup. He won his first World Cup victory in Dordrecht over 1500 m and reached 11th place in the overall World Cup over 1500 m at the end of the season. At the beginning of the 2016/17 season he came back on the podium in Calgary with second place over 1500 m. In the further course of the season she achieved seven top ten placements, including third place over 1500 m in Dresden and thus reached fifth place in the World Cup over 1500 m. At the European Championships in Turin in 2017 , he finished fifth in the all-around event and took third place in the 1500 m. In the following year he won the bronze medal in the 1500 m, the silver medal in the all-around and the gold medal in the 3000 m at the European Championships in Dresden in 2018 . At the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang , he finished 26th in the 500 m and at the 2018 World Championships in Montreal, he came 41st in the all- around competition.
In the 2018/19 season Bykanov came third over 1500 m in Calgary and second over 1000 m in Dresden and thus achieved seventh place in the World Cup over 1000 m. At the 2019 European Championships in Dordrecht, he was fifth in the all-around event and second in the 3000 m. The following year he won the bronze medal over 1500 m at the European Championships in Debrecen .