Folk good
The term “ Volksgut ” denotes all immaterial goods that have penetrated broad strata of the population, have consciously or unconsciously taken possession of them and whose author or originator is unknown or can no longer be determined.
history
The term is mostly limited to intangible goods such as songs , poems , proverbs , wisdom , statements and art objects . Jakob Grimm called in February 1815 in the "Circular because of the collection of folk poetry" to save the people's property, which was able to hold up despite enlightening criticism. What the Brothers Grimm collected was by no means primarily old German folklore, but rather material from the history of European fairy tale poetry in the modification of individual regions and narrators.
The term folk , coined by the Englishman John Thoms in 1846, was defined as the "totality of the traditions of the (simple) people, not only folk music , but also customs , costumes , children's games , idioms , jokes , proverbs, fairy tales , legends , arts and crafts (" Volksgut " ) “Understood and mostly passed on from mouth to mouth through tradition.
The extension to material goods during the time of National Socialism did not prevail. At the conference of the German Forestry Association on August 17, 1936, Hermann Göring demanded : “German forests are German national property. It is the task of those who have it from the people or who manage and look after it to protect and cherish the forest ... ”In the former GDR , the term had an exclusively material content. Volkseigenes Gut (VEG), or Volksgut for short, was an agricultural enterprise owned by the state, which had mostly become state property through the expropriation of a large farmer on the basis of occupation law by the Soviet military administration. Gustav Mahler's setting of Des Knaben Wunderhorn , as Der Spiegel once criticized, decomposes the seemingly intact folk property with aggressive chromatics and grotesquely distorted march rhythms.
Today's classification
Volksgut is a term seldom used today that can be seen as congruent with intellectual property in the public domain . Folk estates are very often found in the area of fairy tales, fables and children's songs , which have been inherited over generations in this way and in some cases have also developed further. It is part of the cultural achievements of a people understood as an ethnic unit ; they can even form the cultural basis of a people .
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Ingeborg Weber-Kellermann / Andreas C. Bimmer, Introduction to Folklore , 1985, p. 80
- ^ Rolf Wilhelm Brednich, Encyclopedia of Fairy Tales , 2010, p. 62
- ↑ Gerhard Schulz, The German Literature Between the French Revolution and the Restoration , Volume VII / 2, 1989, p. 319
- ↑ Manfred Bonson / Siegfried Borris / Barry Graves u. a., Lexikon Pop , 1977, p. 58
- ↑ Erich Gritzbach, Hermann Göring: Reden and Essays , 1938, p. 250
- ↑ Birgit Wolf, Language in the GDR , 2000, p. 233
- ^ Records: Tricky Idylle . In: Der Spiegel . No. 1 , 1969, p. 160 ( online - Mar. 3, 1969 ).