Waalo
Waalo (different spelling Walo and Oualo ) was a former empire founded by the Wolof ethnic group in West Africa .
history
Waalo was on the left bank of the lower Senegal River between the Atlantic Ocean and Lake Guiers . To the north, in today's Mauritania , was the empire of the Moors , in the south lay the empire Cayor and in the east the empire Jolof .
Waalo had a complicated political and social system, further influences on contemporary culture in Senegal has. This was evident in the rigid and formalized form of the boxes . The throne was indirectly hereditary, ruled by three family clans with different ethnic origins: the Logar, the Tedyek and the Joos. There were constant disputes over the title of King of Waalo “ Brak ”, just as there had been fights with the neighboring kingdoms.
According to legend, Waalo was founded by NDiadiane Ndiaye in 1287 when it split from the Jolof empire and became its vassal state. The first capital of Waalo was Diourbel (Guribel), north of Senegal in modern day Mauritania, then Ndiangué on the south side of the river; later the capital was relocated to Nder on the west bank of the Guiers lake. Waalo was the target of constant attacks, including by the Moors, with the intention of robbing slaves.
The Brak ruled with its government, the Seb Ak Baor , over a complicated hierarchy of officials and dignitaries. Women held high positions and played a large role in political and military history.
Waalo had lucrative treaties with the French , who were allowed to set up their base on the island of Saint-Louis in the estuary . Waalo received a "protection" trade fee for every boatload of gum arabic or slaves that sailed the river. Eventually the protection became ineffective and the Bethio kingdom split off from Waalo.
The empire was subjugated in a campaign by Louis Faidherbe for France in 1855 and incorporated into the Saint-Louis district as a colony of Senegal in 1856 . It was the first major inland conquest until Mauritania, Senegal, and French Sudan (now Mali ) were taken over by France. In total, Waalo has had 52 kings since it was founded.
Waalo had its own traditional African religion. The ruling class was slow to accept the Islam that was spreading in the Senegal Valley. The brak only converted to Islam in the 19th century.
List of rulers of Waalo
| 1674-1708 | Naatago Aram Bakar | |
| 1708-1733 | Njak Aram Bakar Teedyek | |
| 1733-1734 | Yerim Nadate Bubu | |
| 1734-1735 | Meu Mbody Kumba Khedy | |
| 1735-1736 | Yerim Khode Fara Mboj | |
| 1736-1780 | Njak Xuri Yop | |
| 1780–1795? | Fara Penda Teg Rel | |
| 1795-1805 | Njak Kumba Xuri Yay Mboj | |
| 1805-1810 | Saayodo Yaasin Mboj | |
| 1810-1816 | Kuli Mbaaba Mboj | |
| 1816-1825 | Amar Faatim Mborso Mboj | |
| 1825 – December 1827 | Yerim Mbañik Teg-Rella Mboj | |
| December 1827-1830 | Fara Penda Adam Sal Mboj | first term |
| July 7, 1830-1832 | Xerfi Xari Daaro | first term |
| 1832-1833 | Fara Penda Adam Sal Mboj | second term |
| July 21, 1833-1835 | Xerfi Xari Daaro | second term |
| 1835-30. October 1840 | Fara Penda Adam Sal Mboj | third term |
| November 1840 – February 1855 | Mö Mboj Maalik Mboj |
See also
Web links
- worldstatesmen.org Senegal Traditional States