Gun dress
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As waffenrock or tunic , even crest dress or Wappenrock , ( MHD . Wapenroc or wâpenroc ) was that of knights on the armor of the armor worn garment designated. It is believed to be related to the civilian surcot and the heraldic tappert . The blouse of a military uniform is also called a tunic .
In order to be able to distinguish between friend and foe in combat, the arms of the combatant were attached to the armor (as well as to the shield , saddlecloth and lance ) .
According Oeconomischer encyclopedia of Johann Georg Krünitz was the tunic "of fine cloth, often embroidered, trimmed with fur or brightly painted." “Only knights, not squires , were allowed to wear tunics . A sash the color of the knight or his liege lord enclosed the body. This is how the short cloth skirts of the infantry and cavalry are called, which have replaced the tailcoat-like fittings. "
The wearing of the tabard probably developed in the second half of the 12th century during the Crusades , as protection against the sun's rays worn over chain mail. While it remained almost always monochrome until 1300, it was later richly decorated with the coat of arms and colors of the wearer. Since there were hardly any methods of dyeing linen in the Middle Ages, it was probably made of wool or silk and lined with linen.
According to legend, the white tunic of Leopold the Virtuous was said to have been red with blood after the victorious battles at the siege of Acre (1189–1191) during the Third Crusade . When he took off his sword belt, a white stripe could still be seen underneath. Since his banner had been lost during the battle, Emperor Heinrich VI. the right to use the red-white-red colors as a new banner. This is how the shield of the Archduchy of Austria and ultimately the Austrian flag is said to have come about.
Web links
- Article on the tunic in: The large art dictionary by PW Hartmann
- Table of the Manessian song manuscript (1305-1340) with knight in heraldic surcot
