Panay Hornbill
| Panay Hornbill | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Panayhorn ( Aceros waldeni ), male |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Aceros waldeni | ||||||||||||
| ( Sharpe , 1877) |
_BHL38534581_(cropped).jpg)
The Walden's Hornbill ( Aceros waldeni ), and coral-billed hornbill or French horn bird called, is a bird art from the family of hornbills (Bucerotidae). The species is endemic to the Philippines and is threatened with extinction through habitat destruction and direct pursuit. The total population of the species was estimated at 502 breeding pairs in 2006.
Appearance
The panay hornbill reaches a body length of 60 to 65 centimeters. The tail feathers account for an average of 24.6 centimeters in males and 21.9 centimeters in females. The beak in the males is between 14 and 15.8 centimeters. The beak of the females remains slightly smaller and is 11.4 to 12.5 centimeters in length.
Appearance of the male
The male has a red-brown head, neck and a red-brown front breast. The body plumage and wings are otherwise black. On the upper side of the body, the plumage has a metallic green sheen. The tail is black with a broad white central band. Due to rump secretions, however, the control feathers are often colored red-brown. The beak is red, the tip of the beak is bulging and ends roughly on the half of the beak. The featherless skin around the eye and the large, featherless throat pouch are yellow to orange. The eyes are red, the legs and feet are black.
Appearance of the female and young birds
The female is slightly smaller than the male. The head and neck are completely black. The bare skin around the eye is also black. The bare throat patch, on the other hand, is pale yellow. The eyes are auburn.
Fledglings resemble the adult bird of the same sex in their plumage. The beak attachment has not yet been developed for them. The beak is reddish pink, the featherless skin of the face is yellow. The eyes are pale yellow-brown.
Possible confusion
The Tariktik hornbill also occurs in the distribution area of the Panayhorn bird . However, this one is smaller than the Panayhorn and the male has a white head.
voice
The call is described as a loud, deep, short, cackling trill that is repeated.
distribution and habitat
The hornbill lives only on the Western Visayas Islands ( Philippines ): The original range included Panay , Negros and Guimaras ; on the latter it is already extinct, on Negros the remaining forest stands are so small that it probably no longer breeds there. The main area of distribution today is Panay. He lives there in the tropical rainforest at 300 to 1200 m above sea level. The species breeds in large tree hollows.
food
The bird feeds on figs and other fruits.
Persistence and Threat
The hornbill is classified in the IUCN Red List as "Critically Endangered" (critically endangered) because its population is now very small and highly fragmented. The main area of distribution today is the island of Panay, where the species breeds in the central mountains. The number of breeding pairs was estimated at 502 breeding pairs in 2006.
The main causes of decline are habitat destruction and direct pursuit. The ongoing destruction of forests meant that in 1988 only around 4% of the area of Negros and 8% of Panay was forested. Only 10% of this area, a total of approx. 144 km², was in the altitude range below 1000 m above sea level, preferred by this species. Catching for the pet trade poses another threat.
Systematic classification
The systematic position of the Panayhorn bird has not yet been conclusively clarified. It has long been classified as a subspecies of the Mindana hornbird ( Acres leucocephalus ), but differs from this not only in the color of the featherless facial skin, but also in details of the head, neck, tail and beak. It has therefore been granted its own species status for a long time. Avibase even no longer places it in the genus of the Asian throat hornbills, but in the genus Rhyticeros , which includes the Sunday hornbill and the Papuan hornbill . The Handbook of the Birds of the World even classifies it as an independent genus, Rhabdotorrhinus .
literature
- Mark Cocker, David Tipling: Birds and People . Jonathan Cape, London 2013, ISBN 978-0-2240-8174-0 .
- W. Grummt , H. Strehlow (Ed.): Zoo animal keeping birds. Verlag Harri Deutsch, Frankfurt am Main 2009, ISBN 978-3-8171-1636-2 .
- Alan Kemp: The Hornbills - Bucerotiformes . Oxford University Press, Oxford 1995, ISBN 0-19-857729-X .
Web links
- Rhabdotorrhinus waldeni in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2016 Posted by: BirdLife International, 2016. Accessed December 9, 2016th
- Panayhorn at Birdlife.org
- Photos at OBC
Single receipts
- ↑ Avibase on the Panayhorn , accessed on December 10, 2016
- ↑ a b c d Rhabdotorrhinus waldeni in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2016 Posted by: BirdLife International, 2016. Accessed December 9, 2016th
- ↑ a b Kemp: The Hornbills - Bucerotiformes . P. 223.
- ↑ HBW on the Panayhornvogel , accessed on December 10, 2016