Warmblood (horse)
The warm-blooded animal stands between the cold blood and the thoroughbred . It combines characteristics of both types of horses.
The term refers to the characteristics and temperament of the animals, not to the body temperature . This is in the range of 38 ° C on average for all horses, warm-blooded and cold-blooded animals. All horses are animals of the same temperature ( Homoiotherm ).
Breeding history
The foundation for warmblood breeding was laid on mainland Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries. Until then, horses were bred here on a farm level for all purposes. They showed clearer cold blood and pony features . Then more and more Spanish and Arabian horses were crossbred in order to obtain faster and more agile or more elegant riding and carriage horses, especially for military and representative purposes. In addition to other races, this also resulted in the English thoroughbred , which in turn is used for further refinement to this day. In contrast to the Arabs, one hopes for more mass when using the English thoroughbred without losing the nobility of the Arabs.
Breeding events
Warm-blooded animals usually have an open stud book , which means that horses whose parents are not registered can be included in the stud book if they meet the requirements of the breeding goal of the respective breed. This allows a flexible improvement of individual characteristics through targeted crossing with horses of other breeds. Such crossings must be approved and always require valid pedigree documents from both parents. Exceptions are Trakehner , who have a closed stud book. The warmblood breeding associations are organized worldwide under the umbrella of the World Breeding Federation for Sport Horses .
German warm-blooded animals dominate sports and tournaments worldwide like no other breed . To illustrate this, the ancestry of the horses that took part in the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta is listed (from the book "Olympia der Reiter", published by the FN, written by Reiner Klimke and Werner Ernst).
| country | number |
|---|---|
| Germany | 88 |
| Netherlands | 33 |
| Ireland | 27 |
| England | 16 |
| Belgium | 12 |
| Sweden | 12 |
| Whole blood worldwide | 46 |
| Anglo-Arabs worldwide | 8th |
| unknown | 3 |
The German horses can mainly be found in dressage (38) and jumping (46). Distributed across the breeding areas:
| Breeding area | number |
|---|---|
| Hanover | 35 |
| Westphalia | 17th |
| Holstein | 13 |
| Oldenburg | 11 |
| Trakehner | 4th |
| Rhineland | 3 |
| Württemberg | 2 |
| Rhineland-Palatinate-Saar | 2 |
| Bavaria | 1 |
| Mecklenburg | 1 |
This list is also the list of the most important German breeding areas. The absolute all-rounder, the Hanoverian , is clearly dominant ; the Trakehner , fifth place, is considered the finest of the warm-blooded breeds.
