Warm dam
The Warme Damm is a park in the Hessian state capital Wiesbaden . It was laid out between 1859 and 1860 on the edge of the historic pentagon , Wiesbaden's old town, in the style of an English landscape garden. The Hessian State Theater stands on its northern edge .
The Warme Damm was also referred to as the Neue Kursaal-Anlagen around 1890 , but it should not be confused with the nearby Wiesbaden Kurpark .
terrain
The Warme Damm owes its name to a part of Wiesbaden's city fortifications - a dam that delimited the so-called “ Warm Weiher ”, in which the outflows from the 26 thermal springs collected. The pond, which was used as a horse pond, was part of a series of ditches that had been dug in the swampy terrain in the 17th century to protect the city. In 1805 the pond was filled in. In 1810 Wilhelmstrasse was built, the course of which led exactly through the site of the former pond. The name Warmer Damm was later transferred to the newly created park, which had been designed as an extension of the spa gardens by horticultural director Carl Friedrich Thelemann from 1859 . Together with the Kurhaus and the Kurpark, it was an important place for the “social cure” in the 19th century.
Extensions and changes
In 1879 the Wilhelmsbrunnen was opened, which got its water from the spring of the nearby Kochbrunnen . It was shut down and removed in 1934. With the construction of the Hessian State Theater (1892-1894) and the creation of parking lots in the 1960s, the park area lost a quarter of its original area. A monument to Kaiser Wilhelm I , which the sculptor Rafaelo Celai had created in 1894 based on plans by the Dresden artist Johannes Schilling , was inaugurated in the presence of Kaiser Wilhelm II . The Schiller memorial by Joseph Uphues , which was erected on the occasion of Schiller's 100th anniversary of his death, has stood directly in front of the south portal of the State Theater since 1905 . In the late 20th century, viewing terraces by the pond, a playground and chess courts were created.
Flora and fauna
While there were originally 700 trees, the population has shrunk to around 200. In addition to rare trees (including locust trees , ornamental quinces , pagoda trees , tulip trees , ginkgo , star magnolia and witch hazel ), the park has a pond with a water fountain (since 1988) and numerous sculptures (since 1980). The pond is populated by city pigeons , Egyptian Egyptian geese , mallards , pond claws and some gray herons . On nice days the animals are overfed with leftover bread. Sinking forage forms a rotting layer of mud on the concrete floor. The pond has to be drained and cleaned almost annually.
climate
Thanks to the influence of the hot springs in its vicinity, the Warm Damm owes its splendor of flowers very early in the year. The meadow in front of the State Theater is very popular in summer.
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Sculpture Park
Since the 80s of the last century several large sculptures have been permanently erected on the Warmer Damm. a. by Ricardo Ugarte de Zubiarraín , France Rotar and Klaus Simon .
Situation today
The entire park is a listed building. A diploma thesis completed in 2008 proves that the original plan drawn up by the Hofgarten director Carl Friedrich Thelemann provided for a more differentiated structure of the site. The route was designed in wide arcs, they should elegantly flow around the individual green islands and connect all parts harmoniously. Of the 40 species of coniferous and deciduous trees originally planted, there are now just 15. In recent years, several early-flowering ornamental cherry trees have been cut down without trees of the same quality being replanted. The two large weeping willows at the pond were also removed without replacement between 2009 and 2014.
The facility is used repeatedly for major events, which caused damage from soil compaction and aroused criticism of non-compliance with the requirements. During the annual Wilhelmstrasse Festival , which takes place in June , this is also used for a live stage. The daily press pointed to the recurring pollution of the facility, especially in the summer months as a result of private picnic events, the park offers a sight that one should not expect from Wiesbaden's spa guests. Between the end of November and the beginning of January an ice rink was set up on the lawns every year until 2020 .
Location and adjacent streets and buildings
A wide boulevard runs along the Warmer Damm to the west , the representative Wilhelmstrasse with the Erbprinzenpalais . As the eastern boundary of the park, Paulinenstrasse runs parallel to it , which leads to the Kurhaus from the side . Villa Söhnlein-Pabst is located on Paulinenstraße, directly opposite the park . Villa Clementine is located on Frankfurter Straße, which runs southwards . The Hessian State Chancellery was housed in the building complex Bierstadter Straße 2 southeast of the Warmen Damm until 2003 and then moved to the former Hotel Rose am Kochbrunnen . The Hesse Chamber of Architects took over the old seat of government .
The Hessian State Theater building was opened in 1894 on the northern edge of the Warmen Damm . Its front side in the neo-renaissance style with the pseudo portal forms a successful urban development of the park. The main entrance of the State Theater is on the opposite side at the so-called Bowling Green .
See also
Web links
- Green areas Warmer Damm , website of the city of Wiesbaden
Remarks
- ↑ The pond was previously a clay pit of a brick factory that was previously located there. “The brick behind the facades” , film by Eduard Speicher (YouTube video), at min. 1:24.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Grünanlagen Warmer Damm , website of the city of Wiesbaden , accessed on December 26, 2012
- ^ Map from the 16th volume of the 4th edition of Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (1885–90).
- ↑ a b c d e Stadtgrün in Wiesbaden: Culture, relaxation, lust for life . Brochure of the state capital Wiesbaden, March 2011. Pages 15f.
- ^ Wiesbaden: cultural stage of the society cure in the 19th century . Page 45 of the PDF file 8.69 MB.
- ↑ a b Wiesbadener Kurier of May 12, 2011: Wiesbaden: Increasingly littering of parks and green spaces. ( Memento from May 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) By Jutta Schwiddessen.
- ↑ flickr with weeping willow, taken on April 2, 2009 and flickr without weeping willow, taken on March 15, 2014
- ↑ Manfred Knispel: City of Wiesbaden is working on a set of rules for events in listed green spaces . In: Wiesbadener Kurier , November 16, 2011
- ↑ Eswe Ice Age
Coordinates: 50 ° 4 ′ 55 " N , 8 ° 14 ′ 47" E