Vasily Ivanovich Baschenow

Vasily Bashenov

Vasily Iwanowitsch Baschenow ( Russian Василий Иванович Баженов ; * March 1 ^July / March 12, 1737 ^greg. Or 1738 ; † August 2 ^July / August 13, 1799 ^greg. In Saint Petersburg ) was a Russian architect .

Bashenov was a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences . His magnum opus was an unrealized design for the Great Kremlin Palace in Moscow .

Life

Vasily Baschenow, the son of the deacon of one of the court's Kremlin churches, discovered his natural talent for art as a child when he painted all kinds of buildings in the old capital. The architect Dmitri Wassiljewitsch Uchtomski accepted Baschenow in his school. On his recommendation, Bashenov entered the gymnasium of Moscow University in April 1755 , where he was enrolled in a special "art class" intended for the future art academy . Among the best students, in 1756, on the initiative of Ivan Ivanovich Shuvalov, Bashenov was transferred to the academic gymnasium in St. Petersburg, and after the opening of the Art Academy in January 1758 became her student. In the academy, his ability to architecture was revealed to such an extent that the architecture teacher Savva Ivanovich Tschewakinsky made a talented young man his assistant in the construction of the Nicholas Naval Cathedral .

In September 1760, Bashenov was sent to Paris to develop the talent . As a student of Professor Charles de Wailly , Baschenow began making models of architectural parts out of wood and cork and performed several models of famous buildings. In Paris he made the model of the Louvre , observing the strict proportionality of the parts, and in Rome he made the model of St. Peter's Basilica ; he also studied engraving.

After returning to Russia, in Moscow, Bashenov took part in the publication of the work of Vitruvius . Bashenov was one of the best construction practitioners of his time, differing both in the art of planning and in the delicacy of the shape of the buildings designed. He was one of the leaders of the so-called French style in Russian architecture, the striking monument of which is Pashkov House .

Works

Bashenov building in Tsaritsyno Park
bridge
Way to the bridge
1st Cavalry Corps
3rd Cavalry Corps
Bread house
Opera house
Great bridge
Bunch of grapes in arched gates

literature

Catherine Merridale: The Kremlin: A New History of Russia . S. Fischer, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-10-048451-2 ( limited preview in the Google book search).

Web links

Commons : Wassili Iwanowitsch Baschenow - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ Brockhaus-Efron Encyclopedia . Saint-Petersburg 1890.
↑ А. Ю. Андреев, Д. А. Цыганков: Императорский Московский университет: 1755-1917. Энциклопедический словарь . Российская политическая энциклопедия, Москва 2010, ISBN 978-5-8243-1429-8 .

personal data
SURNAME	Baschenow, Vasily Iwanowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Баженов, Василий Иванович (Russian spelling)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Russian architect
DATE OF BIRTH	March 12, 1737 or 1738
DATE OF DEATH	August 13, 1799
Place of death	St. Petersburg

[1] Brockhaus-Efron Encyclopedia . Saint-Petersburg 1890.

[2] А. Ю. Андреев, Д. А. Цыганков: Императорский Московский университет: 1755-1917. Энциклопедический словарь . Российская политическая энциклопедия, Москва 2010, ISBN 978-5-8243-1429-8 .