Fortified church Angeltürn

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Fortified church Angeltürn

The fortified church (also mountain church , castle church or Evangelical church Angeltürn ) characterizes the townscape of Angeltürn near Boxberg in the Main-Tauber district . It was probably built as a Catholic pilgrimage church, but it is not known how old the church is. It was first mentioned in a document in 1322. The six Gothic wall frescoes in the choir around 1450 are a specialty . The church has served the Protestant denomination since the Reformation. The parish of Angeltürn is part of the Protestant church district of Adelsheim-Boxberg .

location

The fortified church stands at a little over 210  m above sea level. NHN on the stone road above the village Angeltürn on the mouth spur an influx of Angeltürner stream that further down the Umpfer zumündet.

history

Tell about the history of the origins of the church

The history of the origins of the church is shrouded in legend. The builder was not sure where to build it. An angel appeared to him and showed him the place. According to another legend, the Mother of God appeared to a shepherd on the hill where the church was then built.

1322: First documented mention and time as a Catholic Church

The church is first mentioned in a document in 1322. Presumably Mary was the church patroness, as indicated by a bell in the tower dedicated to Our Lady. The building was probably a pilgrimage church because it was much too big for the community of the village, which at that time only had 90 souls. The church was not mentioned a second time until 1440.

The construction time could not be determined; even whether it was built before the Johanniter rule, during the same or at the time of the noble lords of Boxberg , is nowhere to be determined. In any case, it was so dilapidated under the Rosenbergs (1381 to 1572) that it was demolished and built in its current form. The coat of arms of the Knights of Rosenberg, which is visible in the choir vault, still testifies to this today. The year in which the coat of arms was affixed is unknown, at least it must have been before 1572, because that year the last Rosenberger died. Even the Nachfolgerbau Catholics must have built, such as the still to be seen tabernacle show on the left side of the choir and the six frescoes in its window niches.

Since 1589: time as a Protestant church

When Angeltürn came to the von Dienheim in 1589, the residents had to accept the Protestant faith of their master. Albrecht von Dienheim was a staunch and staunch advocate of the new faith. He drove out the Catholic pastor and handed the church over to the Reformed. Various documents show that Angeltürn was only a Protestant parish in 1589. In the Thirty Years' War in 1624 the Protestant pastor of Tilly was dismissed. On the north side of today's cemetery there used to be a rectory next to the church, but it was destroyed in the Thirty Years War; you can still find the remains of his wall today. Since that time the Protestants were looked after by the pastors from Wölchingen and Boxberg and the Catholics had to go to church in Boxberg. The "little church on the mountain" was so neglected that in 1606 it says: "[it] was neglected in such a way that no one could go into the area of ​​the church, much less so, without the greatest danger to life and limb." To prevent the worst, it was poorly repaired in 1661, but in 1691 it was so dilapidated again that it was expected to collapse every day. Little thought was given to the fact that a gallery was built around 1709. Because the rain poured in through the damaged roof, so that the beams became rotten and in 1763 half the gallery fell during the service, together with a young man who almost died in the process. The roof was so leaky that in rainy weather the pastor often did not know where to stay in the church; as a last rain-proof refuge there was only one corner in the choir. To make matters worse, the tower collapsed in a storm in 1769 and damaged the nave . Finally, the church was thoroughly repaired in 1772 for 900 guilders. The sacristy was torn down, the door of which is still visible in the masonry of the church; the stones were used for the broken tower. After Lutherans and Reformed people united in the Union in 1821, it has belonged to the Evangelicals since that time.

The following Protestant pastors were employed in Angeltürn: 1610 Wigandus Schuch, 1611 N. Kunzler and Christoph Heß, 1615 Joh. Hessius, 1619 Joh. Geilmann.

Since 1624: End of the independent parish and time as a subsidiary church

In 1624 the Protestant pastor was expelled from Tilly ; Since the parsonage also perished and the whole country was poor and there was a shortage of pastors, the parish has not been occupied since that time and the faithful were looked after from Wölchingen and Boxberg.

In 1965 and 1993 the church was renovated.

Architecture and equipment

Interior

The wall frescoes in the window niches are likely to have originated around 1450 when the church was rebuilt under the Rosenbergs. During the renovation in 1908 by the church painter Armbruster, some of them were heavily obscured. The frescoes in the south choir window were most spoiled during the renovation in 1908 and perhaps added quite arbitrarily.

Attempts at interpretation by Willibald Reichwein:

  • The knight, who humbly (kneels) gives the poor woman (Frau Armut) standing in front of him with a pleading gesture a dress, receives the crown of life from an angel.
  • The painted choir vault seems to represent the church itself. The two windows indicate this. The broken spear indicates that a knight died and was buried under the choir in the sarcophagus.

Other frescoes:

  • Saint Catherine with the bike.
  • Annunciation
  • Paul
  • Peter

organ

An organ that was bought for 60 guilders and repaired for 30 guilders was installed in 1845.

Bells

The ringing consists of three bells. A very old, Gothic bell bears the following inscription:

  • Ave Maria gratia plena Dominus tecum benedicta, Amen

The second bell with the inscription

  • Christoph, bell founder at Norimberg gos: God's word remains eternal, believe him with deed are blessed.

probably comes from Christoph Rosenhardt called Glockengießer (1529–1594), who often used this inscription.

graveyard

The church's own cemetery is used by Protestants and Catholics in Angeltürn as a common village cemetery.

Pastoral care

The parish is looked after by the pastor in Boxberg and is the smallest parish in the Adelsheim-Boxberg deanery.

See also

literature

  • Topographic map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg, as single sheet No. 6523 Boxberg
  • Herbert Gagalick: Heimatfest Angeltürn . Ed .: Festival Committee Angeltürn. Angeltürn 1986. With further sources: (Fürstlich-Leininsches Archive Amorbach, Badisches Generallandesarchiv Karlsruhe, Bayerisches Staatsarchiv Würzburg, parish and parish records Angeltürn).
  • Willibald Reichwein: Local art monuments. Medieval wall paintings in the churches of Angeltürn and Oberschüpf. My Boxberg Volume 3. Boxberg 1936.
  • Carl WFL Stocker: Chronicle of Angelthurn, Schillingstadt, Schwabhausen, Windischbuch, Sachsenflur . Heidelberg 1870.

Web links

Commons : Wehrkirche (Angeltürn)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Evangelical Church District Adelsheim-Boxberg. Retrieved March 9, 2019 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Herbert Gagalick: Heimatfest Angeltürn . Ed .: Festival Committee Angeltürn. Angeltürn 1986, p. 31-37 .
  3. ↑ Geography and location according to detailed map on: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( information )
  4. ^ Carl WFL Stocker: Chronicle of Angelthurn, Schillingstadt, Schwabhausen, Windischbuch, Sachsenflur . Heidelberg 1870 ( uni-heidelberg.de ).
  5. ^ Evangelical regional church / Angeltürn. Retrieved March 9, 2019 .
  6. ^ Willibald Reichwein: Local art monuments. Medieval wall paintings in the churches of Angeltürn and Oberschüpf . Ed .: My Boxberg. tape 3 . Boxberg 1936, p. 29-35 ( regesta-imperii.de ).
  7. ^ German biography

Coordinates: 49 ° 29 '15.9 "  N , 9 ° 35' 51.5"  E