White gum eucalyptus

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White gum eucalyptus
White gum eucalyptus

White gum eucalyptus

Systematics
Order : Myrtle-like (Myrtales)
Family : Myrtle family (Myrtaceae)
Subfamily : Myrtoideae
Tribe : Eucalypteae
Genre : Eucalyptus ( eucalyptus )
Type : White gum eucalyptus
Scientific name
Eucalyptus leucoxylon
F. Garbage.

The white gum eucalyptus ( Eucalyptus leucoxylon ) is a species of the myrtle family (Myrtaceae). It occurs in western Victoria and southern South Australia , where it is called "Yellow Gum", "South Australian Blue Gum" or "White Ironbark".

description

Appearance and leaf

The white gum eucalyptus grows as a tree that reaches heights of up to 15 meters. The bark is smooth or remains on the lower part of the trunk, but otherwise peels off irregularly. It is gray-brown and fibrous and lumpy. On the upper parts of the tree, the bark is smooth, gray or yellow, and peels in short ribbons or patches. There are oil glands in both the bark and the marrow.

The white gum eucalyptus has heterophyllia . The leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade and are opposite from the 13th node (node). The leaf stalks are narrowly flattened or channel-shaped. The leaf blades on young and middle-aged specimens are broadly lanceolate to ovate and gray-green or blue-green frosted or floured. The single-colored, matt green, gray-green or yellow-green leaf blades on adult specimens are lanceolate or narrow-lanceolate with a length of 8 to 15 cm and a width of 1.0 to 1.8 cm and taper towards the base with a pointed tip upper end. The raised lateral nerves extend from the median nerve at an acute angle.

Inflorescence and flower

In a single inflorescence, there are only about three flowers together on a 7 to 10 mm long inflorescence stem, which is round in cross section . The peduncle is 4 to 10 mm long. The blue-green frosted or floured flower bud is egg-shaped with a length of 8 to 14 mm and a diameter of 5 to 6 mm. According to New South Wales Flora Online , the smooth calyptra is conical or beak-shaped, shorter and narrower than the smooth flower cup (hypanthium), but according to EucaLink it is hemispherical or conical and one to twice as long as the flower cup and narrower than this. The outer stamens are sterile (sterile). The flowers are white to cream-colored or pink to red.

fruit

The fruit is spherical or hemispherical with a length of 8 to 11 mm and a diameter of 8 to 10 mm. The disc is indented and the fruit compartments are included.

Distribution area

Occurrence

The white gum eucalyptus occurs sporadically in western Victoria , in bordering New South Wales on the middle reaches of the Murray River and in the southeast of South Australia .

The endangered subspecies Eucalyptus leucoxylon subsp. bellarinensis is endemic to the Bellarine Peninsula southwest of Melbourne and is called "Bellarine Yellow Gum" there.

The white rubber eucalyptus grows in grassy, ​​sparse forests and prefers moderately nutritious, loamy soils or alluvial soils.

Systematics

The first description of Eucalyptus leucoxylon was made in 1855 by Ferdinand von Mueller under the title Description of fifty new Australian plants, chiefly from the colony of Victoria in Transactions and Proceedings of the Victorian Institute for the Advancement of Science , Volume 1, pp 33-34. The type material has the inscription "In grassy plains from the Avoca to St Vincent's and Spencer's Gulf".

Of Eucalyptus leucoxylon are seven subspecies:

  • Eucalyptus leucoxylon subsp. bellarinensis Rule, Syn .: Eucalyptus leucoxylon subsp. pruinosa (F.Muell. ex Miq.) Boland
  • Eucalyptus leucoxylon subsp. connata rule
  • Eucalyptus leucoxylon F.Muell. subsp. leucoxylon , Syn .: Eucalyptus leucoxylon var. erythrostema Miq., Eucalyptus leucoxylon var. rostellata Miq., Eucalyptus leucoxylon var. rugulosa Miq., Eucalyptus leucoxylon var. angulata Benth., Eucalyptus gracilipes Naudin, Eucalyptus leucoxylon var. rubra Guilf.
  • Eucalyptus leucoxylon subsp. megolocarpa Boland, Syn .: Eucalyptus leucoxylon var. macrocarpa JEBr.
  • Eucalyptus leucoxylon subsp. petiolaris boland, Eucalyptus petiolaris Rule
  • Eucalyptus leucoxylon subsp. pruinosa (Miq.) Boland, Syn .: Eucalyptus leucoxylon var. pruinosa F. Muell. ex Miq., Eucalyptus leucoxylon var. pauperita JEBr.
  • Eucalyptus leucoxylon subsp. stephaniae Rule

use

Eucalyptus. leucoxylon 'Rosea'

Ornamental plant

The white gum eucalyptus is used as an ornamental plant in parks and gardens . Of Eucalyptus leucoxylon there are several varieties. The 'Rosea' variety is particularly widespread and shows many red flowers in winter.

Eucalyptus oil

Cineol-based eucalyptus oil is obtained from the leaves of the white gum eucalyptus .

Individual evidence

  1. a b Specimen search results: Eucalyptus leucoxylon at Australia's Virtual Herbarium. Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria . Retrieved January 25, 2013
  2. a b c d APNI = Australian Plant Name Index . Center for Plant Biodiversity Research. Australian Government. Last accessed on May 31, 2013
  3. a b c d e f K. Hill: Eucalyptus leucoxylon (F. Muell.) At New South Wales Flora Online . National Herbarium of NSW, Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney. Last accessed on May 31, 2013
  4. Sue Longmore, Steve Smithyman & Matt Crawley: Domestic Plants of the Bellarine Peninsula . 2010. The source was available to the author of the article in the en: WP, but not when this article was written, the information was not checked.
  5. Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Eucalyptus leucoxylon. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 31, 2013.
  6. MIH Brooker & DA Kleinig: Field Guide to Eucalyptus . Bloomings, Melbourne 2001. The source was available to the author of the article in the en: WP, but not when this article was written, the information was not checked.
  7. DJ Boland, JJ Brophy & APN House: Eucalyptus Leaf Oils . 1991. ISBN 0-909605-69-6 . The source was available to the author of the article in the en: WP, but not when this article was written, the information was not checked.

Web links

Commons : White Gum Eucalyptus ( Eucalyptus leucoxylon )  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files