White Lake (Berlin)
White lake | ||
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Geographical location | Central Europe , Germany , Berlin | |
Places on the shore | District of Berlin-Weißensee | |
Data | ||
Coordinates | 52 ° 33 '15 " N , 13 ° 27' 51" E | |
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surface | 8.3011 ha | |
volume | 360,606 m³ | |
scope | 1,175 m | |
Maximum depth | 10.64 m | |
Middle deep | 4.34 m | |
particularities |
isolated |
The White Lake ( colloquially also the Weißenseer See ) in Berlin is located in the Weißensee part of the Pankow district . The 8.3 hectare lake with a volume of approx. 360,000 m³ has an extension of around 300 m in east-west and 350 m in north-south direction. On the list of lakes in Berlin , the still water takes seventh place with a maximum depth of 10.64 meters.
The 21 hectare park on the White Lake with a lido on the east bank and the Café Milchhäuschen on the west bank is a popular destination.
Origin and condition
The lake and the surrounding landscape were shaped by the Vistula Ice Age. It is embedded in the ground moraine landscape of the Lower Barnims . When the ice melted, a block of ice was initially retained at this point, which later formed a dead ice when it was thawed . This was the origin of today's White Lake. Over the centuries, settlements on the lake emerged that were primarily agricultural; the oldest known settlement dates from the 13th century. However, Weissensee was never a fishing village.
At least during the 14th century, the White Lake was also called the Great Lake.
The water balance has been increasingly disturbed in the last 150 years by building close to the banks and sealing of the catchment area as well as climatic changes (lower amounts of precipitation and increased evaporation). Particularly since the turn of the millennium, the maximum depth has decreased from 10.64 m in 2002 to 9.50 m in 2014 to 8.56 m in May 2017. According to the hypsographic profile of 2002, the area is likely to have decreased by a quarter to around 6 hectares and the volume by 40 percent since 2002. Some restaurateurs from establishments around the lake are planning a campaign to refill the lake with up to 40,000 m³. Until the fall of the Wall , water from the source of the beverage combine in Indira-Gandhi-Straße was discharged in order to maintain the lake level.
Weißensee lido
Official bathing establishment from the beginning of the 20th century
As a remnant of the cultural facilities of the Sternecker Establishment in Schloss Weißensee , which burned down in 1919, the Weißensee lido , which is still in use today, exists from 1912. After fluctuations in the water quality at the beginning of the 21st century, the water quality of the lake has been rated as excellent in regular reviews in recent years.
The Frei Badeanstalt on the southeast side of the lake is owned by the Berliner Bäderbetriebe and leased to a lido company. This includes a small café and a sanitary building, which have often been adapted to meet hygienic requirements. After being temporarily stored, the resulting wastewater is pumped into the municipal wastewater network.
Building damage in 2016 with impending bankruptcy
In 2016, building development work for new condominiums began in the vicinity of the bathing establishment. The sewer pipe of the bathing establishment was damaged in the process and bathing operations could not begin in the 2017 season for the time being. The responsibility for the damage and thus the financing of the repair, which should cost around 125,000 euros, was the subject of legal disputes. Without a temporary replacement solution or a quick repair, the operating company would have had to file for bankruptcy in May 2017 . On May 15, 2017, the press published the announcement that the builder of the residential complex will take over all repairs and will have mobile facilities installed at his own expense until they are completed. The lido was able to reopen in the same year.
Regulatory function of the lake
In addition to its function as bathing and recreational water, the White Lake also has technical functions as overflow water for the Weißensee rainwater drainage. The water level of the lake is kept at a uniform level by the Berlin water management and is determined by the bathing establishment. If there is no rain, water can be pumped in from a neighboring spring under the viewing platform. Since these pumps cause costs for the current Pankow district, this water supply is financially limited. Due to the lack of financial means and the little rain, the White Lake continues to dry out. A donation campaign by the lido owner Mr. Schüller changed this in 2018. The central fountain of considerable height, which is put into operation every year with the help of the Junge Tauchpioniere Berlin eV association, is typical of the White Lake .
Surroundings
Around the lake is the park on the White Lake . On its banks there is a boat rental station, an open-air stage and the historic milk house . A small animal enclosure and a retirement home are also worth mentioning. Opposite the lido on the east side of Berliner Allee is the Weißensee village church , the oldest building in the old village center of the Weißensee district.
literature
- Gabriele Radecke, Robert Rauh: A “Brandenburg Christmas Hike” according to Theodor Fontane's Berlin Notes. Weissensee . In: Berliner Zeitung , December 27, 2019, p. 26 (print edition).
In the half-page newspaper article, the literary scholar and the historian publish texts that were deciphered from Fontane's handwritten notes. The printed publications ( Walks through the Mark Brandenburg region ) contain less information.
Web links
- Lutz Benedix: The White Lake. Umweltblatt 20. In: Umweltbuero-weissensee.de. The UMWELTBüRO am Weißen See - environmental tips and environmental sheets, November 2004, accessed on January 1, 2013 .
- Bathing water profile of the EU bathing area Weisser See. In: berlin.de. Retrieved January 1, 2013 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Berlin water atlas
- ^ Berlin water atlas
- ^ A b Laura Hofmann: Strandbad Weißensee in Berlin-Pankow: The White Lake is drying up. Der Tagesspiegel , 2018, accessed on February 10, 2018 .
- ↑ rbb special from June 20, 2017
- ↑ Weißer See not clean enough , In: Die tageszeitung from June 10, 2006
- ↑ Bathing water profile Weisser See , source: Land Berlin
- ↑ Sylvia Perdoni: 48 hours to bankruptcy . In: Berliner Zeitung , May 9, 2017, p. 11.
- ↑ Homepage Young Diving Pioneers, see Commissioning of the fountain in the White Lake , accessed on May 15, 2017.
- ↑ Friends of the Freilichtbühne Weißensee eV: Freilichtbühne Weißensee - cinema and cultural program. Retrieved on February 10, 2018 (German).