Westminster Cathedral
The Westminster Cathedral (Westminster Cathedral) in London is the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Westminster and Catholic Main Church of England and Wales .
Surname
The cathedral bears the patronage of the Holy Blood . This is indicated by the Latin inscription above the portal arch: "Domine Jesu Rex et Redemptor per Sanguinem tuum salva nos" (German translation: Lord Jesus, King and Redeemer, heal us through your blood.). The name of the London borough of Westminster - instead of the Roman Catholic Metropolitan Cathedral of London - it bears, like the Archdiocese, because a law of 1830 forbade giving the newly emerging Roman Catholic dioceses the names of the historical dioceses of the Church of England . This Roman Catholic Church is therefore sometimes confused with the Anglican Westminster Abbey , the coronation church of the British royal family.
history
Since the British royal family , the church of the country had separated from Rome ( Anglican Church ), there were 300 years no Roman Catholic churches in England. It was not until the 19th century that legal Roman Catholic communities were re-established. The Warwick Street Church, which is under Bavarian protection, served the Apostolic Vicariate of London as a makeshift bishop's church since 1790 . After the restoration of the Catholic hierarchy in England 1850 1869 was Our Lady of Victories in Kensington for Prokathedrale . The first Archbishop of Westminster Nicholas Wiseman (1802–1865) began collecting donations for the construction of a new, representative cathedral . But work could not begin until 1895. The cathedral was opened in 1903.
building
The church was built in the neo-Byzantine style according to plans by John Francis Bentley . From the outside, the building captivates with the lavishly designed facade made of red brick alternating with white Portland stone , the high dome and, last but not least, the campanile (free-standing bell tower ), which is completely atypical for these latitudes . The arched field of the portal shows in Byzantine mosaic technique from left to right the kneeling Simon Peter with the keys to heaven, the Virgin Mary , Jesus Christ as Pantocrator on the throne, St. Joseph , the foster father of Jesus, with a lily in his right hand and in a kneeling position the canonized English King Edward the Confessor in royal regalia. While Jesus Christ is blessing the viewer with his right hand, he is holding the book of life in his left. The Latin inscription on the open book pages reads: "Ego sum ostium per me si quis introierit salvabitur." (German translation: I am the door. Whoever enters through me will be healed; Joh 10.9 EU )
Inside, it surprises with the spatial effect - wide central nave, narrow aisles, behind separate side chapels - and above all through the mosaics on the ceilings and walls, which, however, were not fully completed, so that in the upper area of the central nave there is still raw masonry or concrete to this day are visible. These mosaics and the ciborium above the main altar are intended echoes of early Christian Roman basilicas . The body of St. John Southworth († 1654) has been on display in a side chapel of the nave since 1930 .
Main portal
Shrine with the body of St John Southworth
location
The church is located in the City of Westminster in London . Address: Westminster Cathedral, 42 Francis Street, London SW1P 1QW
organ
The organ on the west gallery of Westminster Cathedral was built between 1922 and 1932 by Henry Willis & Sons and overhauled and extensively restored in 1984 and 1996 by Harrison and Harrison. The originally pneumatic actions were also replaced by electropneumatic actions. In addition to the Swell Organ , the Choir Organ and Solo Organ are also swellable.
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-
Pairing :
- Normal coupling: I / II, III / II, IV / II, III / I, IV / I, IV / III, I / P, II / P, III / P, IV / P
- Super octave coupling: III / III, I / I, IV / IV,
- Sub-octave coupling: I / I III / III, IV / IV
- Unison Off: I, III, IV
- Playing aids : 256-fold setting system , crescendo roller .
See also
Web links
- Virtual tour (website of the cathedral, English)
Individual evidence
- ^ Reginald Fuller: A short history of Warwick Street Church, formerly the Royal Bavarian Chapel. Catholic Rectory Warwick Street Church, London, 1973, p. 38.
- ↑ The History of Our Lady of Victories , on ourladyofvictories.net, (English).
- ^ The HenryWillis III Grand Organ , on westminstercathedral.org.uk, (English).
Coordinates: 51 ° 29 ′ 46 ″ N , 0 ° 8 ′ 23 ″ W.