Whiteclay
| Pine Ridge, Nebraska | |
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| Nickname : Whiteclay, Makȟásaŋ | |
 Nebraska Highway 87 the main street from Whiteclay |
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| Location in Nebraska | |
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| Basic data | |
| State : | United States |
| State : | Nebraska |
| County : | Sheridan County, Nebraska |
| Coordinates : | 43 ° 0 ′ N , 102 ° 34 ′ W |
| Time zone : | Central ( UTC − 6 / −5 ) |
| Residents : | 14 (as of 2000) |
| Population density : | 6.1 inhabitants per km 2 |
| Area : | 2.5 km 2 (approx. 1 mi 2 ) of which 2.3 km 2 (approx. 1 mi 2 ) is land |
| Postal code : | 69365 |
| Area code : | +1 308 |
| FIPS : | 31161 |
Whiteclay ( Lakota : Makȟásaŋ "whitish or yellowish tone"), known to the US Census Bureau as Pine Ridge, is an unincorporated area in Sheridan County , Nebraska , USA. Whiteclay is 3.2 kilometers south of the eponymous capital Pine Ridge of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation , right on the border between Nebraska and South Dakota .
Alcohol problem
This small settlement became known through the sale of alcohol to Indians in the northern reservations, although the sale and consumption of alcohol is or was forbidden in these. In 2010 alone, 5 million cans of beer worth $ 3 million were sold. The state of Nebraska generated hundreds of thousands of dollars in annual tax revenue from the sale in four stores. In 2010 it was $ 413,932. Alcohol sales created serious social problems in the poverty-stricken and crime-ridden Pine Ridge and Rosebud Reservations . To solve the problem, the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation sued four traders and the beer breweries Anheuser-Busch, Molson Coors Brewing Co., MillerCoors LLC and Pabst Brewing Co. for $ 500 million in damages. On October 1, 2012, that lawsuit was denied by a federal judge. The federal court saw itself as not having jurisdiction. In 2014 there was a vote on the ban on alcohol in the Pine Ridge reservation. 52 percent of voters spoke out in favor of abolishing the alcohol ban. Opponents of the alcohol ban argued that selling inside the reserve could reduce the number of traffic accidents caused by alcohol. The tribal authorities could also generate tax revenue from the sale of alcohol, which Nebraska would now benefit from. Alcohol would be the biggest problem on the reservation anyway, despite the ban.
history
Whiteclay has always been closely associated with the Pine Ridge Indian reservation. In 1882, a 130 square kilometer strip of Nebraska was tied to the Indian reservation to create an alcohol-free buffer zone on the South Dakota border. This strip was intended to prevent the smuggling of alcohol. Whiteclay was in that strip. In 1904 a large part of this buffer was removed from the Indian reservation by President Theodore Roosevelt . Those responsible for the Indian reservation were not questioned. It was also not checked whether this buffer was still useful. Immediately traders began to set up a trading post in the buffer to sell alcohol to their customers in the reservations. In 1940 the settlement had 104 permanent residents. The Sioux tried again and again to reintegrate the area into the reserve to forbid the sale of alcohol. In 1999, nine Sioux were arrested by the police for violently protesting the sale of alcohol. Those arrested, led by Tom Poor Bear, took legal action against the arrest. Their reasoning: According to the Fort Laramie Treaty and subsequent agreements, Whiteclay is still part of the reservation and alcohol sales would be prohibited in the reservation. In February 2000, a Sheridan County, Nebraska court ruled that the defendants could be tried under local Nebraska State law because Whiteclay and the border area were part of Nebraska State. Only the United States Congress could change the boundaries of the reservation if the need existed. Earlier, a court on the reservation ruled that Whiteclay falls under the jurisdiction of the reservation and acquitted the protesters.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Whiteclay beer sales fall while plan to sell on reservation stalls , February 21, 2014
- ↑ Officials: More people passing out drunk on the streets of Whiteclay, Nebraska November 12, 2015
- ↑ Pine Ridge Reservation Votes to End Alcohol Ban August 13, 2013
- ^ Dry Land: America's Most Storied Indian Reservation Faces A Historic Vote To Legalize Alcohol August 13, 2013
- ↑ Despite public vote to legalize alcohol, Pine Ridge is still dry June 1, 2014
