Vienna main customs office

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The Vienna Main Customs Office was built between 1840 and 1844 and was located in what is now Hinteren Zollamtstrasse 4 in the 3rd district of Vienna . At that time it was the largest of its kind in Vienna and, in addition to the Imperial and Royal Main Customs Office, also housed the Imperial and Royal Cameral Slopes Administration and the Imperial and Royal Central Books Revision Office. In the immediate vicinity is the Wien Mitte train station , which at the time it was built and until it was renamed in 1961 as the “Hauptzollamt train station” referred to the direct connection between the two areas. After it was completely destroyed in World War II , the site and the remains of the building were removed. The Federal Computing Center building was erected at this point . In 2005 the Vienna Customs Office moved to Brehmstrasse 14 in Vienna's 11th district.

history

Time of origin

Until the main customs office in Vienna was built, the customs office at Vienna's meat market was located in the main toll building. Due to new requirements, it was decided to build a separate building at what was then the port of the Wiener Neustädter Canal (in 1848 the port was moved to the area of ​​the Aspang train station). This was built according to the plans of Paul Sprenger between 1840 and 1844 by the city architects Adolf Korompay and Leopold Mayr , and restored in 1902. The construction turned out to be difficult due to the location. From 1848 the construction of the main customs office as a station for the connecting line between the northern , western and southern lines began and on September 2, 1860, this connecting line began continuous operation.

World War II and post-war period

During the Second World War, the main building of the main customs office was almost completely destroyed. Since a building for the Federal Computing Office was built on the site of the main customs office between 1969 and 1974 according to plans by Walter Lackner, the customs office moved into a building complex at Schnirchgasse 9 in Vienna's 3rd district from the 1970s until 2005. This new customs office building was built between 1970 and 1976 according to plans by Zoltan Egyed (Hugo Durst construction company). The highest section of the 17-storey, box-shaped building formed a barrier between the third district and the Danube Canal . In summer 2016, the demolition of this building began, which is to give way to three towers for office and residential purposes.

tasks

In the main customs office building, mainly foreign goods, commercial products such as woven or grocery products, as well as luggage of travelers were cleared according to instructions. Other goods or too small quantities were cleared directly at the line offices .

Neighboring buildings

Main customs office station

View of the station area and the adjoining market hall around 1905

In 1848 the construction of a freight yard ("Hauptzollamt") began in the drained port basin. This was intended to make it easier to transport food into the city, especially because the newly built market halls were nearby. The name of the station referred to the nearby building of the main customs office. Since 1901 it was connected to a light rail station built by Otto Wagner . The building did not show any significant war damage after the Second World War, but the municipality of Vienna decided to demolish it and rebuild it in 1959. The station was rebuilt in the 1960s, and the third construction followed between 2007 and 2012. In 1962 it was renamed Landstrasse ; since 1975 it has been called Bahnhof Wien Mitte .

Site plan of the main customs office and the associated station area of ​​the Viennese Stadtbahn 1899

Market halls

In the vicinity of the main customs office and the train station, two new market halls were built at the beginning of the 20th century in place of the wholesale market hall at Vorderen Zollamtsstrasse 17. The “New Meat Hall” and the “Viktualienhalle” were arranged in mirror image and existed until the 1970s and 1980s Years. While the "New Meat Hall" was completely demolished, the "Viktualienhalle" was replaced by the "Landstraßer Markt", which in turn was also closed - efforts to rebuild the market were unsuccessful.

literature

  • Felix Czeike: Historical Lexicon Vienna. In 6 volumes. Volume 3: Ha-La. Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-218-00748-8 .
  • Walter Cerny: Paul Sprenger. Phil. Diss. Univ. Vienna 1967. (On the architect of the main customs office).
  • Renate Wagner-Rieger: Vienna's architecture in the 19th century. Österreichischer Bundesverlag, Vienna 1970, ISBN 3-215-01634-6 , p. 87 f.
  • Manfred Wehdorn: The construction technology of the Vienna Ringstrasse. With a catalog of technical buildings and systems in the ring road zone. Steiner, Wiesbaden 1979, ISBN 3-515-02482-4 , pp. 343-345. (To the main customs office)
  • Ernst Kurz: The urban development of the city of Vienna in relation to traffic (= contributions to urban research, urban development and urban design. 6). Vienna 1981. (General information on the importance of local transport during the construction period)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hauptzollamt in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
  2. ^ Bahnhof Hauptzollamt in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
  3. ↑ Vienna customs office relocates 1,000 customers per month have a new service point. APA OTS, September 7, 2005, accessed April 1, 2017 .
  4. ↑ Main toll building in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
  5. ↑ Diego Caltana: Paul Sprenger. Architekturzentrum Wien, October 1, 2013, accessed on April 1, 2017 .
  6. ^ Bahnhof Hauptzollamt in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
  7. ^ Customs office in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
  8. ↑ Customs offices in Austria. Federal Ministry of Finance, accessed April 1, 2017 .
  9. ↑ Vienna customs office relocates 1,000 customers per month have a new service point. APA OTS, September 7, 2005, accessed April 1, 2017 .
  10. ↑ TrIIIple: The demolition of the old customs office is on schedule. APA OTS, August 11, 2016, accessed April 1, 2017 .
  11. ↑ Dessáry, Alois: Systematic manual of the laws and regulations on the general consumption tax existing in the Austro-Hungarian states . Ed .: Carl Gerold. 1839, p. 267 f .
  12. ^ Bahnhof Hauptzollamt: The metamorphosis of a traffic junction (1848 to 1962). (No longer available online.) City of Vienna, archived from the original on April 6, 2017 ; Retrieved April 1, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wien.gv.at
  13. ↑ Central-Marktanlage Landstraßer Markthallen - history of the Viennese markets. Vienna History Wiki, accessed April 1, 2017 .
  14. ^ Vienna: Out for the Landstrasse market hall. Die Presse, September 23, 2014, accessed April 1, 2017 .

Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 31.3 "  N , 16 ° 23 ′ 11.3"  E