Wilhelm Schwecke

Wilhelm Schwecke (born July 16, 1855 in Alse , † January 26, 1949 in Oldenburg ) was an influential German and Oldenburg politically active rector .

Life

Schwecke's father, Gerhard Schwecke, came from near Rodenkirchen and was interested in intellectual and political issues. His son Wilhelm Schwecke completed an apprenticeship at the Protestant teacher training college in Oldenburg from 1870 to 1875, which he passed with "very good". He then worked as a secondary teacher in Varel for a year . He was then transferred to Oldenburg, where he worked from 1882 on at the elementary and city girls' school, the predecessor of the Wall School. In 1908 he became head of the school. Schwecke did gymnastics in his spare time. Later in his life he wrote occasional poems for the Oldenburger Turnerbund . During the revolution of 1918/19, Schwecke was part of the teachers' “extra revolution”. In 1920 Schwecke was appointed rector . The Evangelical High School College commented critically in the reason for the promotion that Schwecke was:

“As the former chairman of the Oldenburg State Teachers' Association, the best-known personality among the teachers in our country and through word and writing exerted a largely beneficial influence on the teaching staff and the work and methods of the elementary school, even if it was temporarily asserted his views and the supposed interests of the school and the teaching body in combating the government and its actions have gone decidedly too far. "

Schwecke was the editor of the "Heimatkunde des Duchy of Oldenburg", which played an important role in regional research. From 1922 he was retired. In retirement he was active as a publicist and speaker. There were disputes with the National Socialist government from 1932 to 1933. During the Nazi era, he was always in contact with dismissed, disciplined or disliked teachers. After the end of the Second World War he campaigned for the re-establishment of the teachers' association.

Action against the church school supervision

Schwecke was chairman of the Oldenburg State Teachers Association (OLLV) from 1906 to 1919. During his tenure there were serious disputes between the Ministry of State and the Evangelical High School College on the one hand and the Oldenburg teachers on the other. The teaching staff found support from liberal cultural politicians. The main point of contention was the question of the abolition of church school supervision, which became relevant through the new school legislation from 1908 to 1910. Schwecke advocated it with great commitment in newspaper articles and at protest meetings. For this reason, disciplinary proceedings against him were initiated in 1910 by the Ministry of Churches and Schools. However, this was discontinued because the teachers enforced the decree of May 17, 1911. The church school supervision of religious instruction was restricted. In 1946, at the age of 90, he campaigned against opponents of the “current church regiment” and argued against religious instruction under church influence.

Success as chairman of the state teachers' association

Schwecke was a member of the school board in the city of Oldenburg since 1916. As chairman of the OLLV, he worked with great effort for the interests of elementary school teachers in terms of school and class politics and for school reform. He fought for the introduction of comprehensive teaching. The consideration of child-like ways of life and learning among the school beginners was also a concern of his, whereby he orientated himself on Saxon experimental classes. The efforts of the OLLV resulted in the memorandum written by Schwecke "The Unified School: Proposals for the Reorganization of the Oldenburg School System". It went to the state parliament shortly before the end of the First World War. In the spirit of reform pedagogy , he wrote the textbook “Kleines Lesebuch zur Heimatkunde” and a reading and writing primer.

family

Schwecke married Sophie Wilhelmine (née Cornelius) in 1885 (March 16, 1866 to February 21, 1900). She was the daughter of the househusband Hajo Cornelius and his second wife Sophia Magdalene.

Works

• Oldenburg Gymnastics Federation. De ole and de neee Turnhair (lecture), Oldenburg 1891.
• (Wilhelm Schwecke, ed.), Annual report of the Oldenburg State Teachers' Association, Oldenburg 1906–1914.
• Festschrift for the 50th anniversary of the Oldenburg State Teachers' Association, Oldenburg 1909.
• The implementing regulations for the School Act for the Duchy of Oldenburg, Oldenburg 1910.
• Reading and writing primer using the synthetic method, compiled for school and home, Oldenburg 1911 2/33.
• (Wilhelm Schwecke with W. von Busch and H. Schütte, eds.), Local history of the Duchy of Oldenburg, 2 vols., Bremen 1913.
• (Wilhelm Schwecke, ed.) Small reader on local history from Oldenburg, Oldenburg 1918 3.

literature

• Werner Lauw: 100 years of Oldenburg teaching staff. In: Oldenburgisches Schulblatt, 63 , 1959, no. 10, pp. 13-38.
• Hilke Günther-Arndt : History lessons in Oldenburg 1900–1930. Oldenburg 1980.
• Hilke Günther-Arndt: Elementary school teacher and National Socialism. Oldenburg State Teachers 'Association and National Socialist Teachers' Association in the years of political and economic crisis 1930–1933. Oldenburg 1983.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Hans Friedl u. a. (Ed.): Biographical manual for the history of the state of Oldenburg . Edited on behalf of the Oldenburg landscape. Isensee, Oldenburg 1992, ISBN 3-89442-135-5 , p. 486f.
2. ↑ Hans Friedl u. a. (Ed.): Biographical manual for the history of the state of Oldenburg. Edited on behalf of the Oldenburg landscape. Isensee, Oldenburg 1992, ISBN 3-89442-135-5 , pp. 660f.