Wilmundsheim (Alzenau)
Wilmundsheim , also Wilmundsheim vor dem Berge or Wilmundsheim vor der Hart , was a village in the Middle Ages , from which today's town of Alzenau in Lower Franconia developed. The name Wilmundsheim existed until the 15th century and then changed to Alzenau.
geography
The village of Wilmundsheim was to the left and south of the Kahl in the lower Kahlgrund , between the places Kälberau and Wasserlos . It was located in today's (unofficial) district of Sachsenhausen below the "old cemetery" of Alzenau.
Surname
The village of Wilmundsheim vor der Hart was still written as Vuillimundesheim in the 10th century . The defining word in this name is the personal name Willimund , the basic word is old high German heim . The addition to the name “vor der Hart” contains the Middle High German word hard for forest and referred to the forest area of the neighboring Hohen Mark (now called Hahnenkamm ). For the etymology of Alzenau see: Name of Alzenau .
Earlier spellings
Earlier spellings of the place from various historical maps and documents:
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history
Wilmundsheim was first mentioned in writing in the Seligenstadt interest register at the end of the 9th century as Uuilimuntesheim . From the 12th century it became the main town of the Wilmundsheim court , which belonged to the Wilmundsheim free court . On the right, northern bald page 1395-1399 by the electors Konrad II. Weinberg and John of Nassau , the Alzenau Castle built.
Soon after, a small settlement was built below the castle to accommodate the workers and servants. Various archbishop's documents from around 1400 speak of the liberation of the village of Wilmundsheim as a token of thanks for the services rendered in the construction of the castle. The settlement was awarded in 1401 by King Rupert of the Rhine , the market and municipal law , but that could not be realized. Wilmundsheim and the village to the right of the Kahl soon grew together structurally.
In the first half of the 15th century Wilmundsheim was the plague to the deserted village , destroyed and partially rebuilt. The inhabitants chose the name of the castle for their new location. This is how people wrote Wolmetßheim near Altzenahe in 1487 and Altzenaue as early as 1529 . In 1592 Alzenau consisted of 32 houses. The court of Wilmundsheim eventually became the court of Alzenau .
For further and detailed city history, see history of Alzenau .
church
The Wilmundsheim parish church, which no longer exists today, was built in the 13th century by the Seligenstadt monastery. It was located in the northern part of today's old cemetery. During the construction of the funeral hall, a column capital of the old church was exposed. Today it is installed in St. Justinuskirche .
Administrative courtyard
In 1960 and 1967 at Märkerstraße 27, remnants of the wall and basement foundations of the former administrative courtyard of Wilmundsheim were exposed during private construction work . The first traces of settlement at the Schelrißhof apparently point to the Merovingian period , i.e. to the founding period of Wilmundsheim. In 1311 the farm of the Schelriß von Wasserlos was mentioned in a document. In 1342 a flood destroyed it . The Schelrißhof was a stately building whose basement foundations are still there today. Remnants of the wall suggest a square tower. The roof was probably made of slate . There were also Gothic niche tiled stoves from the late 14th century.
Others
- A street in Alzenau was named after Wilmundsheim.
- The mill in Wilmundsheim was the so-called "rabbit mill" below the "Kaiser-Rupprecht-Brücke".
literature
- Alzenau city book. Published by the city of Alzenau
- Heinrich Brückner: The free court Willmundsheim before the Hart in its legal character and origin . In: Archive of the historical association for Lower Franconia and Aschaffenburg 68, Würzburg 1929.
- Heinrich Dannenbauer : Free counties and free courts . In: Lectures and research (edited by the Institute for Historical Research of the Lake Constance Area in Konstanz). ND Konstanz 1963. Vol. 2 = The problem of freedom in German and Swiss history (Mainau lectures 1953), pp. 57–76.
- Karl Ernst Demandt : History of the State of Hesse, 2nd edition, 1972, p. 293.
- Reinhard Dietrich : Hanauer deduction writings . In: Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 31. Hanau 1993, pp. 149ff: No. 5, 8, 10, 16, 18, 22, 28, 29, 43, 48, 54, 57, 79, 85, 105, 111, 114, 121 , 129, 131.
- Josef Fächer: Alzenau . Munich 1968.
- Josef Fächer: The territorial development in the area of today's Alzenau district up to the end of the old empire . Wuerzburg 1964.
- Johann Wilhelm Christian Steiner: History and topography of the free court Wilmundsheim before the mountains or free court Alzenau . Aschaffenburg 1820.
- Valentin Pfeiffer: Spessart-Sagen, Aschaffenburg 1948, p. 67ff
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Wolf-Armin von Reitzenstein : Lexicon of Franconian place names. Origin and meaning . Upper Franconia, Middle Franconia, Lower Franconia. CH Beck, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-406-59131-0 , p. 24 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Heinrich Gottfried Gengler: Regesta and documents on the constitutional and legal history of German cities in the Middle Ages , Erlangen 1863, p. 32 .
- ↑ Our Kahlgrund 1991 . Homeland yearbook for the Alzenau district. Published by the working group for homeland research and homeland maintenance of the Alzenau district, district administrator. ISSN 0933-1328 .
- ↑ Underground parts of the former medieval and early modern parish church of Wilmundsheim / Alzenau i.UFr. in the Bavarian Monument Atlas (cartographic representation of the Bavarian architectural and ground monuments by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation (BLfD) )
- ↑ Our Kahlgrund 1980 . Homeland yearbook for the Alzenau district. Published by the working group for homeland research and homeland maintenance of the Alzenau district, district administrator. ISSN 0933-1328 .
- ↑ Desolation of the late Middle Ages. in the Bavarian Monument Atlas (cartographic representation of the Bavarian architectural and ground monuments by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation (BLfD) )
- ↑ a b Life and coexistence in the former free court in front of the mountain Welmisheim
Coordinates: 50 ° 5 ' N , 9 ° 5' E