Hohen Viecheln residential area
The mesolithic residential area Hohen Viecheln in the district of Northwest Mecklenburg in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is located on the northwest bank of Lake Schwerin in the municipality of Hohen Viecheln . The place of residence dates from 6500 to 5500 BC. BC and is one of the most important sites for the late Mesolithic in Northern Europe.
Dating
The dating of the site is controversial. The Palynologie speaks for a first assignment in Preboreal . The deer mask found shows great resemblance to red deer skulls of the early Mesolithic, which became known as antler frontlets by Star Carr , skull mask from Berlin-Biesdorf and Plau and as deer antler masks by Bedburg-Königshoven . These artefacts occur increasingly in the preboreal early Mesolithic (source: Terberger / Piek 1998).
A subsequent excavation that has not been fully published has shown that the site has up to four mighty horizons, to which the recovered find material can no longer be clearly assigned (source: Schacht 1996).
Finds
Material from the Maglemose culture was recovered in almost undisturbed layers . The extensive flint finds include core and slice axes with Querschäftung and interlining , microliths , scrapers and graver . Numerous objects made of antlers, wood and bones (including 316 bone tips ), as well as bark or bast were found. From red deer skulls were masks made. On the bone and antler tools there are dimples, incised lines, lines with added notches, notches, parallel short lines, angles, zigzag patterns and other decorations combined to form more or less geometric patterns.
Since the herd animals had withdrawn to the north, the basic food was hunting for standing game, especially deer, roe deer and wild boar , plus aurochs , beavers , brown bears , elk , otters , rabbits and wild horses. Larger water birds ( cormorants ) were also hunted. Hunting weapons were the tips of the Duvensee group as well as bows and arrows. The fishing , otherwise formative in the Mesolithic , was less pronounced. Fishing gear was the fishing rod , the fish spear and nets with net floats made of birch bark. Gathering plant-based food complemented the menu.
literature
- Ewald Schuldt : Hohen Viecheln a Mesolithic place of residence in Mecklenburg (= German Academy of Sciences in Berlin. Writings of the Section for Prehistory. 10, ZDB -ID 517961-0 ). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1961.
- Thomas Terberger , Jürgen Piek: On the absolute chronology of the Stone Age in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Ground monument maintenance in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Yearbook. 45, 1998, ISSN 0947-3998 , pp. 7-39.
- Sigrid Schacht: Mesolithic at the Wallensteingraben. In: Archeology in Germany . 1, 1996, ISSN 0176-8522 , p. 46.
Coordinates: 53 ° 46 ′ 45.8 " N , 11 ° 29 ′ 41.1" E