Vozhod (rocket)

Vozhod-11A57

Woschod 3KD spaceship (Woschod-2) in the payload fairing of the rocket of the same name

Woschod [ vʌsˈxɔt ] (alternative spelling Woßchod , Russian Восход = sunrise, English Voskhod) is a Soviet missile that is one of the successors to the R-7 .

Voshod ( GRAU index 11A57) was developed from the Vostok rocket by replacing the third stage of the Vostok ( Blok E ) with a larger and more powerful third stage ( Blok I ). The stage was from an RD-0110 - engine driven. Previously, this stage was tested in the Molnija rocket from 1960 . Through the use of the larger third stage, the payload capacity of the Woschod increased to 6,300 kg in the near-earth orbit (payload capacity of the Vostok was 4,730 kg). The rocket was about 45 m high and had a launch mass of 298,400 kg.

The first launch of a Vozhod took place on November 16, 1963 in Baikonur , where it carried a military reconnaissance satellite of the Zenit type into orbit. On October 14, 1964, a Vozhod rocket launched the first three-seat spacecraft Vozhod 1 . Since then the Woschod has been launched more than 300 times, the last flight being on June 29, 1976. After that, the Woschod was replaced by the somewhat more powerful Soyuz rocket.

On November 1, 1963, a rocket called Poljot ( Russian Полёт for flight, GRAU index 11A59) was launched in Baikonur , which consisted of the first two stages of the Voschod and did not carry an upper stage. With this rocket a prototype of the satellite of the ASAT program (destruction of enemy satellites with the help of killer satellites ) was launched, which was also called Poljot. The second and last flight of the Poljot rocket followed on April 12, 1962. The satellites of the ASAT program were later launched with cyclone rockets.

See also

• List of missile types
• Vozhod (spaceship)

Web links

Commons : Voskhod program  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

swell

• Vozhod launcher