Sputnik (rocket)

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Depiction of the rocket

The Sputnik rocket ( Russian Спутник ) was the world's first launcher . It was developed in the Soviet Union under the direction of Sergei Pawlowitsch Koroljow as a modification of the R-7 ICBM . With the version 8K71PS, Sputnik 1 , the first artificial satellite , was launched on October 4, 1957 . In addition, Sputnik 2 was launched on November 3, 1957 with an 8K71PS rocket. The next satellite, Sputnik 3 , was launched with the modified version Sputnik 8A91.

Technical specifications

version 8K71PS 8A91
Takeoff mass 267 t 269.3 t
Height (maximum) 30 m 31.1 m
Diameter (maximum) 2.99 m
Span (maximum) 9.76 m
Payload ( LEO 200–2000 km) 500 kg 1.327 t
First flight 4th October 1957 April 27, 1958
0 level (booster)
Engine 4 × RD-107-8D74PS 4 × RD-107-8D76
length 19 m
diameter 2.7 m
Dimensions 43 t / 3.4 t (empty)
Thrust (max) 4 x 3.89 MN
Burn time 120 s 130 s
fuel LOX / kerosene
1st stage
Engine RD-108-8D75PS RD-108-8D77
length 28 m
diameter 3 m 2.99 m
Dimensions 94 t / 7.4 t (empty) 95 t / 7.1 t (empty)
Thrust (max.) 970 kN 804 kN
Burn time 310 s 360s
fuel LOX / kerosene

Individual evidence

  1. Bernd Leitenberger: The Semjorka carrier rocket. January 19, 2013, accessed October 12, 2014 .
  2. ^ Richard Kruse: Soviet and Russian Rockets. In: Historic Spacecraft. Retrieved December 10, 2014 .
  3. ^ Anatoly Zak: R-7 family. May 29, 2013, accessed December 10, 2014 .
  4. Sputnik 8K71PS in the Encyclopedia Astronautica , accessed on December 10, 2014 (English).
  5. Sputnik (rocket) in the Encyclopedia Astronautica, accessed on December 10, 2014 (English).