Wrixum Mill
| Wrixum Mill
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 Rear (southwest) |
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| Location and history | ||
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| Coordinates | 54 ° 41 '56 " N , 8 ° 32' 58" E | |
| Location | Wrixum (island of Föhr ), North Friesland district | |
| Built | 1850/51 | |
| Shut down | 1960 | |
| Status | Structure and technology preserved, but not operational. Visit possible. | |
| technology | ||
| use | Flour mill | |
| Grinder | 4 grinding courses , 2 of which have been preserved | |
| drive | Windmill | |
| Windmill type | Earth Dutchman | |
| Wing type | Sail gate (formerly Venetian blind) | |
| Number of wings | 4th | |
| Tracking | Compass rose | |
The Wrixumer Mühle , also known as the Easter windmill , is a Dutchman in the village of Wrixum on the island of Föhr in the district of North Friesland . The mill is considered the landmark of the place and adorns its coat of arms (see picture).
The mill, which was in operation until 1960, is one of five surviving windmills on the island of Föhr, but the only one whose mill technology inside has largely been preserved (although not operational) and can be viewed - the other mills are privately owned and converted to residential buildings.
history
The first windmill in Wrixum is mentioned in a document as early as 1464. As was still common in Denmark and Germany at the time, it was a post mill . The mill was a leasehold mill owned by the Danish king, who was then ruling on the island of Föhr .
In 1660 the mill was blown over and destroyed in a storm; the miller was killed in the process. Shortly afterwards it was rebuilt - again as a post mill. This mill is shown on the tombstone of the miller Hans Christiansen, who died in 1771.
In 1850 the mill was destroyed again, this time by fire. Some sources say that the axle bearing of the wing shaft overheated in strong winds. Another source says that the fire was allegedly caused by arson by a Danish soldier.
Already in the year of the destruction, 1850, the reconstruction began - no longer as a post mill, but as a Dutch mill - and in the following year 1851 the new mill went into operation.
In 1905 the technology of the mill was completely modernized. A belt bucket elevator (elevator) was retrofitted so that the miller no longer had to laboriously carry the grain to the top (chute) in sacks. A benzene engine was used from now on as auxiliary power, so that the mill with no wind no longer had to stand still; later the engine was replaced by a diesel engine. Furthermore, an additional grinding gear for peeling barley and grinding pearl barley was retrofitted. This grinding process was expanded again in the 1920s.
In 1922, the mill served as the setting for a spectacular bet when a theater director named Mielke let himself be thrown around in a circle ten times in the presence of numerous spectators.
At that time - probably since the modernization in 1905 at the latest - the mill was equipped with louvre blades. The “spider” (a metal cross for adjusting the blind push rods) in the middle of the corrugated wing head is evidence of this technology to this day. In 1944 the mill received new, aerodynamically improved wing with Bilau 'rule Ventikanten . The mill remained in operation until it was no longer economical to finance necessary repairs. As early as 1954, grinding was only done with motor and no longer with wind power. In 1960 the mill was completely shut down. Shortly afterwards, the February hurricane in 1962 caused severe damage to the wings and gave them the rest.
After that the mill was sold several times. In 1971, the new owner set up a restaurant on the ground floor (on the former flour and bagging floor) and in the outbuilding. But he also tried to keep the mill technology on the upper floors and to make it accessible to visitors. He even equipped the mill with new blades, simple sail gate blades.
To this day (as of mid-2012) the ground floor of the mill is used for gastronomy purposes. On the second and third floors (on the stone and spur gear floors), various artistic and craft workshops and exhibition rooms have been housed since the 1970s. Currently (as of mid-2012) the craft of the tin foundry is practiced and demonstrated here.
In 2011 one of the wing rods broke in a storm. In the summer of 2012, the owner at the time, Hans-Otto Buth, had the wings completely repaired, so that the mill has its traditional appearance again today. On November 1, 2012, the Wrixumer mill was sold to the American historian and publicist Dietmar Kuegler , who continued to run the restaurant. Shortly after the building was handed over, another wing was damaged in a storm. Following the closure of the restaurant and the ongoing deterioration of the building, the mill was acquired by the Wrixum community in June 2016 in order to preserve the landmark. At the same time, the Wrixumer Mühlenverein eV was founded to take over the necessary renovation of the mill. The upper, listed part of the mill has also not been open to the public since the pewter foundry was closed. The community of Wrixum and the Wrixumer Mühlenverein eV try to get the mill back into a functional condition through membership fees and donations in order to be able to carry out events, festivals and mill tours there again.
Technical Equipment
The Wrixumer Mühle is a classic Dutch windmill of the Erdholländer type with a bricked base and wooden, thatched octagon without a gallery ( Erdholländer ). The wings were accessed on the north and east side from the roof of the outbuilding ("Dachholländer") , on the south and west side via a built-up wall (" Wallholländer ") .
Turning the canopy with the wing cross in front of the wind was done automatically using a compass rose .
The mill once had three, at times even four grinding courses , two of which are preserved today. A stone crane , the sack lift , an elevator (bucket elevator) and an air separator are also available and can be viewed .
Picture gallery
Wrixum coat of arms with the mill
Mill from the south side
Mill from the north side (2012, with broken wing)
Jib and spur gear
.JPG)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Michael Fink: Info Wrixumer Mühle. The story of the Wrixum Easter windmill. 2001, accessed August 21, 2012 .
- ↑ The Wrixum Windmill. Wrixum Parish, accessed March 26, 2018 .
- ↑ next to the Borgsum mill ( "Borigsem") , the Oldsumer mill of Wyk mill ( "Venti Amica") and a small windmill in the Fries Museum , which formerly stood on the Langeneß-Nordmarsch
- ↑ a b c d Hans-Ulrich Becker: Wrixumer mill. Around Föhr, accessed on August 13, 2012 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Rüdiger Hagen (ed.): Historical mills and their technology . Reprint-Verlag, Leipzig 2004, ISBN 978-3-8262-0822-5 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
- ↑ During the First Schleswig-Holstein War , there were also clashes between Danish and German troops on Föhr.
- ^ A b Hans Pohlmann: The death flight at the windmill in Wrixum on Föhr. It was a bet. (No longer available online.) GeZeiten.de, December 8, 2009, archived from the original on December 4, 2014 ; Retrieved August 13, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Wrixum on Föhr. Jürgens Software, accessed on August 13, 2012 .
- ↑ Here is the latest from the community. Retrieved March 26, 2018 .
- ^ Edwin Schöneberger: Wrixumer mill. Retrieved March 26, 2018 .
