Wu De

Wu De ( Chinese  吴德 , Pinyin Wú Dé ; * 1913 in Fengrun , Hebei , † November 29, 1995 in Beijing) was a Chinese politician who belonged to the radical camp during the Cultural Revolution . Among other things, he was a member of the CCP Politburo between 1973 and 1980 . In addition, he served as vice-chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress between 1975 and 1980 and, as such, was one of the vice-presidents of the People's Republic of China.

Life

Wu De joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1933 . He was involved in the labor movement and in the underground communist organization in northern China. After the proclamation of the People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949, he was appointed Deputy Minister for Industry and Fuels in 1949. In 1952 he was transferred to Tianjin , where he became mayor, deputy party secretary, and rector of Tianjin University . From 1955 to 1966 he was party secretary of Jilin Province and political commissar of the People's Liberation Army in Jilin. In 1956 he became a candidate for the Central Committee of the People's Republic of China. After the political cleansing of the Beijing Party Committee and the recall of Peng Zhen in May 1966, at the beginning of the Cultural Revolution, Wu De was brought to Beijing to become Second Party Secretary of the Beijing City Communist Party and Deputy Chairman of the Beijing City Revolutionary Committee. As such, he was also acting mayor of Beijing until February 1967.

After on the IX. After the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution was declared over at the Chinese Communist Party Congress (April 1-24, 1969) , Wu De became a member of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CPC Central Committee ). It belonged to this body for his re-elections at the 10th Party Congress (August 24-28, 1973) and the XI. Congress (August 12-18, 1977) until September 12, 1982. In March 1972, he took over the functions of Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the Beijing Revolutionary Committee after the incumbent Xie Fuzhi died, and held these positions until October 10, 1978. At the 10th Congress of the Communist Party of China (August 24-28, 1973) he was elected to the Politburo of the CCP and belonged to it after his re-election at the XI. Party congress (August 12-18, 1977) to the Central Committee plenum on February 29, 1980.

Wu De also served as vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress between 1975 and 1980, and as such was one of the vice-presidents of the People's Republic of China. In April 1976, Chinese citizens mourned the late popular Prime Minister Zhou Enlai . Mourning turned into protest, and the April 5th Movement was formed . Wu De attacked Deng Xiaoping , who stood for pragmatic politics, claiming he would incite the masses protesting in Tiananmen Square . Wu De advocated and supported the subsequent violent suppression of the protests and had them portrayed as a counterrevolutionary conspiracy. This made Wu so unpopular, especially among the people of Beijing, that many wrote his name with the characters 无 德 ( no virtues , same pronunciation ). After the vacancy created by the death of the Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Zhu De on July 6, 1976 and lasted until March 5, 1978, as Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress he belonged to the other Vice-Chairmen Cai Chang , Song Qingling , Liu Bocheng , Wei Guoqing , Səypidin Əzizi , Chen Yun , Nie Rongzhen , Zhang Dingcheng , Ngapoi Ngawang Jigmê , Zhou Jianren , Xu Deheng , Hu Juewen , Li Suwen , Yao Lianwei and Deng Yingchao are among the persons holding the office of Presidents of the People's Republic of China perceived collectively.

Wu maintained his position after the gang of four was arrested . In December 1978, however, the Tiananmen Square protesters were rehabilitated and Wu was removed from the post of First Party Secretary of Beijing City. In February 1980 he was also dismissed from the Politburo and two months later in April 1980 he resigned from his position as deputy chairman of the Standing Committee of the People's Congress. In 1982 he was inducted into the Advisory Committee of the CCP Central Committee , which was established for politicians who were tried to retire against their will.

Web links

• Entry in China Vitae

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} Guo Jian, Song Yongyi and Zhou Yuan: Historical dictionary of the Chinese cultural revolution . Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham 2015, ISBN 978-1-4422-5171-7 , pp. 359-360 .
2. ↑ Tianjin: Mayors in Rulers
3. ^ Jilin: Secretaries of the Provincial Committee of the Communist Party in Rulers
4. ↑ Beijing: Mayors in Rulers
5. ↑ Beijing: Secretaries of the Municipal Committee of the Communist Party in Rulers
6. ↑ Beijing: Chairmen of the Revolutionary Committee in Rulers
7. ^ ^{A b} Lawrence R. Sullivan: Historical dictionary of the Chinese Communist Party . Scarecrow Press, Lanham 2012, ISBN 978-0-8108-7470-1 , pp. 283 .
8. ^ Politburo: XI. Party Congress (August 24-28, 1973)
9. ^ Politburo: XI. Party Congress (August 12-18, 1977)
10. ↑ China: Vice-chairmen of the Standing Committee during the vacancy in Rulers

Note: This article places the family name before the person's first name. This is the usual order in Chinese. Wu is the family name here, De is the first name.