Wu Qijun

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Wu Qijun ( Chinese  吳 其 濬 , Pinyin Wú Qíjùn ; age- old name Yuezhai in Chinese  瀹 齋 , Pinyin Yuèzhāi ; stage name Yulounong in Chinese  雩 婁 農 , Pinyin Yúlǚnóng ; * 1789 ; † 1846 ) was an official and scholar of the Qing . He was also known for his works in botany and mining engineering .

Life

Wu Qijun came from a family of officials in the Chinese province of Henan ; his father Wu Xuan had already been Vice Minister in the Ministry of Rites .

In 1818 he completed the imperial official examination (palace examination) as the best candidate and was appointed "chief compiler". In the following years he gradually worked his way up the official hierarchy of the civil service (see table ).

Wu Qijun carried out various investigations and proceedings on behalf of the Daoguang Emperor, including in Hubei Province . It went z. B. to abuse of office and the evasion of taxes in the salt industry.

After military successes, Wu Qijun was appointed governor general of Hunan and Hubei in 1841 . In 1843 he was appointed provincial governor of Zhejiang .

In the last years of his life, Wu Qijun, in repeated submissions to the throne, warned the emperor of grievances in the silver and copper mines in Yunnan Province , for which he was responsible as governor. In the remote border areas there, there had been repeated revolts by the miners who believed that the local officials had cheated of their fair wages, and the mined ores were plundered.

After a regular transfer to Shanxi Province , his main focus shifted to the rehabilitation of the precarious financial situation of the local state salt administration and to combating the rapidly increasing opium trade.

Because of an old illness that broke out again and again, he resigned from his offices towards the end of 1846 shortly before his death. In recognition of his conscientious and upright conduct of office, he was posthumously awarded the honorary title of "Great Guardian of the Crown Prince".

Wu Qijun took his travels as an imperial official as an opportunity to write a number of scientific writings. In the two most important of his works he examines and describes mining and metallurgy in the province of Yunnan and tried to categorize the Chinese flora. Emil Bretschneider's work in the field of botany became known in the West as early as the 19th century.

Offices

year Office
1818 Chief compiler
1820 Chief examiner of the provincial civil servant examination in Guangdong
1821 Compiler in the office for memoranda ( shílùguǎn實錄 館)
1829 Imperial chronicler ( jiangqiju zhuguan講 起居注 官)
1832 Supervisor of the provincial examination in Hubei
1835 Honglusi Bureau Official ( hónglúsì鴻臚 寺)
1835 Vice-commissioner in the transmission office ( tōngzhèngsī通 政 司)
1836 Academics (學士) in the grand secretariat
1836 Vice-Minister in the Ministry of Rites
1836 Assistant to the Director of the Imperial Genealogy Office ( yùdiéguǎn玉牒 館)
1837 Zhejiang Provincial Examination Chief Examiner
1837 Vice Minister in the War Ministry
1837 Supervisor of Jiangxi Provincial Examination
1837 Vice Minister in the Ministry of Finance
1841 Governor General of Hunan and Hubei
1843 Zhejiang Provincial Governor
1843 Yunnan Provincial Governor
1844 Deputy Governor General of Yunnan and Guizhou
1845 Fujian Provincial Governor
1845 Shanxi Provincial Governor

plant

  • Illustrated abstract of mining and metallurgy in Yunnan ( Diannan kuangchang tulüe滇南 礦厰 圖 略), 1844
  • Illustrated study of the names and manifestations of plants ( Zhiwu mingshi tukao植物 名 實 圖 攷), 1848

literature

Web links

Note: This article places the family name before the person's first name. This is the usual order in Chinese. Wu is the family name here, Qijung is the first name.
personal data
SURNAME Wu, Qijun
ALTERNATIVE NAMES 吳 其 濬 (Chinese); Yuezhai; 瀹 齋; Yulounong; 雩 婁 農
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Chinese official and scholar of the Qing period
DATE OF BIRTH 1789
DATE OF DEATH 1846