Beaded Lackporling
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Beaded Lackporling ( Ganoderma adspersum ) |
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| ( Schulzer ) Donk |
The beaded Lackporling ( Ganoderma adspersum , also Ganoderma australe or Ganoderma europaeum ) is a fungus from the genus of the Lackporlinge ( Ganoderma ) in the order of the pore fungi.
features
The Wulstige Lackporling is a sessile, console-shaped mushroom that has grown broadly on the substrate. The fruiting bodies are 10-30 cm wide, stand 10-35 cm from the substrate and are about 4-10 cm thick (at the point of attachment). Its surface is hardly zoned, but rather wavy, bumpy and covered with a hard, indentable crust (in contrast to the flat lacquer porcelain ). On the surface, the beaded Lackporling is colored red-brown, in older specimens also dark to black-brown, as with the Flat Lackporling, often covered with its own, cocoa-brown spore dust. The edge of the fruiting body is cream-colored to whitish and bulging (name). The underside is covered with pores, these are 10–15 mm long, there are about 4–5 pores per mm, the underside is white and turns brown when applied to fresh fruiting bodies. The perennial fruiting bodies form several layers of pores, the trama is very thick (in young fruiting bodies several times the pore length), tough and fibrous, dark red-brown, without white inclusions (in contrast to flat lacquer pores). In contrast to the more common Flat Lackporling, the beaded Lackporling is not attacked by the teat gall fly ( Agathomyia wankowiczi ). Young fruiting bodies are sometimes difficult to distinguish from the flat lacquer pores, a clear distinguishing feature is the spore size: Spores of the beaded lacquer pore are about 9-11 µm long and 6–8 µm wide, while those of the flat lacquer pore are only 7-8 µm long and 4, 5–6 µm wide.
ecology
The Wulstige Lackporling is a weak parasite and saprobiont that penetrates through trunk wounds, colonizes various deciduous and coniferous trees and causes white rot in the affected wood . It is able to continue to live for several years on the remains of the host trees that have died off or their stumps. The Wulstige Lackporling is able to attack a wide range of deciduous tree species, especially at the base of the trunks. In Germany, the species occurs mainly outside of forests in warm, sunny locations in parks, cemetery plantings and on street trees; it apparently prefers the warmer locations in settlement areas. The fruiting bodies are perennial and can therefore be found all year round.
distribution
The beaded Lackporling is widespread in tropical to subtropical areas, in the Holarctic it occurs in Mediterranean to temperate areas. In Europe, the species is found in Mediterranean and oceanic areas from Italy, Spain and Greece north to the Hebrides , Denmark and the Baltic States , in Scandinavia, Russia and Belarus the species does not occur. In Germany, the beaded Lackporling is very scattered, in locations over 600 m only in protected places in the area of settlements.
meaning
The beaded Lackporling is out of the question as an edible mushroom, as a forest pest it is of little importance, but can cause damage by infesting street and park trees. Due to its excellent scaling properties, the beaded lacquer was demonstrably used as early as the Neolithic to make fire and to transport embers.
literature
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.): The large mushrooms of Baden-Württemberg . Volume 1: General Part. Stand mushrooms: jelly, bark, prick and pore mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3528-0 .
- Josef Breitenbach, Fred Kränzlin (Ed.): Mushrooms of Switzerland. Contribution to knowledge of the fungal flora in Switzerland. Volume 2: Heterobasidiomycetes (gelatinous mushrooms), Aphyllophorales (non-leaf mushrooms), Gastromycetes (belly mushrooms). Mykologia, Luzern 1986, ISBN 3-85604-020-X .
- P. Schütt, HJ Schuck and B. Stimm: Lexicon of tree and shrub species. Nikol-Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Hamburg 2002
