Ybyrai Altynsarin

Ybyrai Altynsarin

Ybyrai Altynsarin ( Kazakh Ыбырай Алтынсарин , Russian Ибрай Алтынсарин Ibrai Altynsarin , even Ibrahim Altynsarin ; born October 20, ^jul. / 1. November  1841 ^greg. In the district Arakaraga, Oblast Turgai , Russian Empire , † July 17 ^jul. / July 29  1889 ^greg. In Nikolayevsk , Russian Empire) was a Kazakh pedagogue , writer and ethnologist .

Life

Ybyrai Altynsarin was born in 1941 in a village in the Arakaraga district of Turgai Oblast in the Russian Empire . After losing his father at an early age, he was raised by his grandfather, an employee of the Orenburg border commission. From 1850 he attended a school for Kazakh children, which was opened at the border commission in Orenburg . After graduating from school, he first worked as a clerk for his grandfather. He later became a translator for the Border Commission under the direction of the Russian historian Vasily Grigoryev . Through Grigoryev he also met Nikolai Ilminsky .

In 1860, the regional government in Turgai ordered the establishment of a primary school for Kazakh children and made Altynsarin a teacher of the Russian language at the school. After the construction of the school building was completed in 1864, he taught there as a teacher. In 1869 he became an employee in the Turgai District Administration and in 1879 he was appointed School Inspector of Turgai Oblast. In this function he began to expand the school system in the region, so he opened several two-class Russian-Kyrgyz schools in the oblast. He attached great importance to the good equipment of these schools by equipping each of these facilities with a small library . Altynsarin was anxious to open vocational and agricultural schools with the aim of training skilled workers among the local Kazakh people. He was also committed to the education of women, with his support a women's school was opened in Irgis near Aktyubinsk .

Altynsarin was also actively involved in the development of Russian textbooks for Kazakh schools. His works included translations, poems, short stories, fables and Kazakh fairy tales. He was also commissioned to work out a Kazakh alphabet based on the Cyrillic script . He was able to successfully complete this in 1879, although he himself preferred the previous use of the Arabic script.

In his final years, Altynsarin lived in his home in Nikolaevsk , where he died in 1889.

Web links

Commons : Ybyrai Altynsarin  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Article Ybyrai Altynsarin in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)http: //vorlage_gse.test/1%3D022541~2a%3D~2b%3DYbyrai%20Altynsarin

literature

• Ian W. Campbell: Knowledge and the Ends of Empire: Kazak Intermediaries and Russian Rule on the Steppe, 1731-1917 . Cornell University Press, Ithaca et al. a. 2017, ISBN 1-5017-0789-2 .
• Didar Kassymova, Zhanat Kundakbayeva, Ustina Markus: Historical Dictionary of Kazakhstan (=  Historical Dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East ). Scarecrow Press, Lanham 2012, ISBN 0-8108-6782-6 (English).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Ibrai Altynsarin on the Internet , Arkalyk state pedagogical institute. Retrieved March 11, 2019.
2. ↑ Ибрай Алтынсарин , Qazaqstan Tarihy, accessed March 11, 2019 (Russian).
3. ↑ Grigol Ubiria: Soviet nation-building in Central Asia: The Making of the Kazakh and Uzbek Nations . Routledge, New York 2016, ISBN 1-317-50435-6 , pp. 55 .