Hyssop-leaved loosestrife

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Hyssop-leaved loosestrife
Hyssop-leaved loosestrife (Lythrum hyssopifolia)

Hyssop-leaved loosestrife ( Lythrum hyssopifolia )

Systematics
Eurosiden II
Order : Myrtle-like (Myrtales)
Family : Loosestrife family (Lythraceae)
Tribe : Lythreae
Genre : Purple loosestrife ( Lythrum )
Type : Hyssop-leaved loosestrife
Scientific name
Lythrum hyssopifolia
L.

The hyssop- leaved loosestrife ( Lythrum hyssopifolia ), also called hyssop purple loosestrife or hyssop purple loosestrife , is a species of purple loosestrife ( Lythrum ) within the loosestrife family (Lythraceae).

description

Vegetative characteristics

The hyssop-leaved loosestrife grows as a small, annual, herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 5 to 30 centimeters. The stem is usually upright, in open places a little prostrate, unbranched to heavily branched, more or less blue-green in color and completely bare. The stem has narrow, membranous longitudinal edges. The stem leaves are linear-lanceolate in shape, about 2.5 centimeters long and about 0.5 centimeters wide, mostly alternate (below often opposite) and seated or with a short stalk.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from June to September. They have two small, awl, permanent prophylls. The calyx teeth and the intermediate teeth are about the same length. The flowers sit individually or usually in twos in the leaf corners and have a short stalk in the middle part of the stem. They have tubular to funnel-shaped axis cups. The 4 to 6 purple-red petals are only 2 to 3 millimeters long and are therefore half as long as the axle cup. Most of the four to six stamens are of the same length.

The cylindrical capsule fruit tears open with fruit flaps.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 20.

ecology

The hyssop-leaved loosestrife is a helomorphic, mesomorphic therophyte . The pollination is done by insects or self-pollination . The diaspores spread through water.

Occurrence

The hyssop-leaved loosestrife occurs in temperate and southern Europe and in North Africa. To the east it penetrates into the Altai and Iran . The hyssop-leaved loosestrife found in the New World, Australia and New Zealand. In Central Europe it is rare to very rare and endangered, sometimes threatened with extinction. Regionally, the hyssop-leaved loosestrife has completely disappeared. It is missing in the Alps and in northwest Germany, among others.

The hyssop-leaved loosestrife usually only appears inconsistently in one place of growth - it is quickly displaced by stronger plants

Lythrum hyssopifolia grows in dwarf rush communities (Isoeto-Nanojuncetea bufonii) on banks, cleared ditches, paths and field edges. Preference is given to moist or alternately wet, nutrient-rich, often slightly salty loam and clay soils. This dwarf species inhabits such locations as a pioneer plant . As the succession progresses , it is quickly displaced by more competitive plants. However, their diaspores can persist in the ground for a very long time and suddenly reappear when new unfinished soil surfaces are created (primarily as a result of flood events or mechanical tillage).

Danger

  • Red List Germany: Category 2 - "highly endangered"
  • Red List Austria: Category 2 - "highly endangered"
  • Red List Switzerland: Category 1 - "Critically Endangered"

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants . Founded by August Binz. 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
  • Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora. Germany and neighboring areas. Vascular cryptogams and flowering plants . Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Lythrum hyssopifolia L., hyssop purple loosestrife. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  680 .

Web links

Commons : Hyssop-leaved loosestrife ( Lythrum hyssopifolia )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files