Zaza-Gorani

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Zaza-Gorani is a small genetic unit within the northwest branch of the Iranian languages. It consists of two relatively closely related languages, the Zaza (also Zazaki or Dimli) and the Gorani . Zazaki is spoken by 2 to 3 million people in eastern Turkey, Gorani by around 500,000 in Iran and Iraq.

The following classification describes the genetic position of the Zaza Gorani group within the north-west Iranian languages, also in relation to the Kurdish languages. The representation also contains the dialectal-geographical structure of the languages ​​Zazaki and Gorani. The article Iranian languages offers a complete overview of the Iranian languages ​​and their classification .

Classification of Northwest Iranian - dialects of Zaza and Gorani

  • Northwest   Iranian 24 languages, 31 million speakers
    • Medisch : Medisch † (old Iranian)
    • Parthian : Parthian : † (Central Iranian)
    • Caspian
      • Gilaki-Mazenderani : Gilaki (1.3 million), Masanderan (2.2 million), Gurgani †
      • Semnani : Semnani, Sangisari, Sorchei, Lasgerdi (together 50 thousand)
      • Taleshi : Taleshi (1 million)
      • Azari : Iranian Azari ("South Tati") (220 T)
    • Kurdish
    • Zaza-Gorani
      • Zaza (alternatively: Zazaki, Dimli, Kirmanjki, Kirdki, "So Be") (2-3 million)
        • Northern dialects
        • Central dialects
        • Southern dialects
      • Gorani (400–500 thousand)
        • Bajalani: Qasr-e Shirin, Zohab, Bin Qudra, Quratu, Khanaqin, Mosul Province
        • Shabaki : Ali Rach, Khazana, Talara, also Mosul Province
        • Gorani: Halabja, Suleimanije, Topzawa, linguistic islands between Mosul and Khanaqin
        • Sarli: North. Mosul Province, Kirkuk Province
        • Hawrami: Iran.-Kurdistan, Hawraman, Kermanshah (Iran)
    • Balochi : Balochi (Baloči) (6 million)

Zaza-Gorani and Baluchi may form their own genetic unit (“Hyrkanian”), but this view is not shared by all researchers.

The classification in Ethnologue does not correspond to the current state of science (see CIL). In general, Ethnologue tends to turn dialects into separate languages. "Kirmanjki" and "Dimli" are only alternative names for Zazaki, the other "languages" mentioned are dialects of Gorani .

literature

  • Blue, Joyce: Gurani et Zaza. In Rüdiger Schmitt (Ed.): Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum. Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden 1989. ISBN 3-88226-413-6 .
  • Selcan, Zülfü: Grammar of the Zaza language. Northern dialect (Dersim dialect). Wissenschaft & Technik Verlag, Berlin 1998. ISBN 3-928943-96-0 .
  • Paul, Ludwig: Zazaki. Grammar and attempt at dialectology. Contributions to Iranian Studies, 18. Wiesbaden 1998.

Web links