Zittelsche House
The Zittelsche Haus ( An der Frauenkirche 19) in Dresden is a baroque residential building. It was destroyed in the bombing of Dresden in 1945, but has since been rebuilt based on the historical model. It was number 20 until 1945.
history
The previous building had belonged to Rosina Magdalene Schlottträger since January 7, 1733, the wife of the white baker Johann Gottfried Schlottträger. In the case of taxation following the death of the house owner on August 21, 1749, the value of the house was estimated at the "high sum of 4,600 (!)" Reichstalers . The original building was destroyed in the Prussian bombardment in 1760 during the Seven Years' War . According to the inscription in the middle window, the new building was built in 1765. The owner was now the white baker Zittel, the architect was Samuel Locke .
In 1797 the widow Erdmuthe Sophie Zittel is named as the owner in the Dresden address book. As in many Dresden tenement houses, the residents were mixed here too. Presumably, in the main floor of the chamber Mr lived Traugott Graf von Beust; other residents of the house were Clermund Grenard, “former governess of Hern. Graf Knuth ”, the plumber Traugott Köhler, the baker Christian Thergen and the right-wing candidate Karl Christoph Thergen.
In the following years there seems to have been a bakery on the first floor of the house. For 1835 and 1850, the baker Heinrich August Kayser is the owner of the Zittel house. In 1855, Kayser was even referred to as the “Hofmundbäcker”.
1865, the owner is now called Carl Theodor Wagner, is a court glazier and mirror manufacturer, and in addition to his glazier, there is also a fashion shop in the house. From the beginning of the 1870s until at least 1880, the Lehmann cigar and tobacco shop was located on the ground floor of the house. But now the hotel “Straßburger Hof”, which was slowly expanding over all floors, was added, which probably emerged from a restaurant. An advertising slip from around 1870 praises the "unobstructed view of Neumarkt ", "dinners in the restaurant and in the rooms" and "cleanliness and good beds" in rooms at prices of 10 to 20 new groschen . In all address books from around 1890 until World War I, the house at An der Frauenkirche 20 is called “Straßburger Hof”. This is still the case in 1912 when, according to the Dresden address book, the hotel only extended up to the second floor. Small employees (such as an office assistant) and craftsmen lived on the upper floors.
architecture
The house, built after the Seven Years' War, had three upper floors and ended with a mansard roof . The central projection of the seven- axis building was three window axes wide. It was flanked on each side by reserves that were two window axes wide and showed unprofiled window frames, plastered pilaster strips and rectangular fields.
The central risalit showed "opulent decor" compared to the reserves. On the first floor of the central axis of the central projectile , a window canopy with a triangular pediment was visible, which rested on triglyphic consoles. Between these consoles below the triangular pediment was with Rocaille - and flower-filled cartridge to see and the inscription "1765". The triangular window canopy in the middle was flanked on each side by canopies with segmental arches and shells decorated with flowers.
On the second floor of the central axis of the central projectile a canopy with a tail gable could be seen, in the field of which a relief of the sun rising between clouds could be seen. Below the relief was a Medusa face , which served as the keystone of the lintel below . The window roofing with a tail gable in the middle was flanked on both sides by triangular window roofing.
On the third floor, the inscriptions “Deo”, “Soli” and “Gloria” (→ Soli Deo Gloria , “honor to the only God”) were freely placed above the windows with framed rocaille work.
Art historical and urban significance
According to Hertzig, the building is one of the “most important buildings in art history” of the Dresden Baroque . In addition, it can "be seen as the masterpiece of Samuel Locke". The rich, densely set jewelry as well as the deliberately decorative superimposition of the central axes with the help of the decor "were among the best and most beautiful things there was in Dresden at that time".
Locke used a modified form of the style of Johann Christoph Knöffel in the bourgeois architecture , the decisive feature here was the pilaster strip in the form of a facade relief .
The building was also "important in terms of urban planning [...] its slightly broken three-part structure elegantly adapted to the gentle curve of the building line, whereby the [...] house contributed to the smooth spatial transition from Neumarkt to Rampische Gasse ".
According to Hertzig, the house is an “architectural highlight” of the time after the Prussian bombardment in 1760 because of the elaborate decoration.
Individual evidence
- ^ Stefan Hertzig : The baroque Dresden . Michael Imhof Verlag, 2012, Fig. 237 on p. 283.
- ↑ a b c d e f Stefan Hertzig : The Dresden town house of the late Baroque 1738–1790 . Society of Historical Neumarkt Dresden e. V., Dresden 2007, ISBN 3-9807739-4-9 , pp. 171-175 .
- ↑ Dresden for useful knowledge of its houses and their inhabitants. Dresden 1797, p. 142.
- ↑ Dresden address calendar 1835 , p. 113
- ↑ Handbook for Dresden , p. 43 of the house book.
- ↑ Address and business manual of the royal capital and residence city of Dresden 1855. p. 266.
- ^ Address and business manual of the royal capital and residence city of Dresden 1865. P. 63 of the house book.
- ↑ Advertising slip, before 1874 ( Memento from October 8, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Address book for Dresden and its suburbs 1912. Part III, p. 178.
- ↑ Stefan Hertzig, Walter May , Henning Prinz : The historic Neumarkt in Dresden: its history and its buildings . Sandstein, Dresden 2005, ISBN 3-937602-46-1 , p. 66-67 .
- ^ Stefan Hertzig: The baroque Dresden . Michael Imhof Verlag, 2012, p. 281
literature
- Fritz Löffler : The old Dresden: history of its buildings . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1999, ISBN 3-363-00007-3 .
- Stefan Hertzig : The late Baroque town house in Dresden 1738–1790 . Society of Historical Neumarkt Dresden e. V. , Dresden 2007, ISBN 3-9807739-4-9 , pp. 171-175 .
Web links
Coordinates: 51 ° 3 ′ 5.2 " N , 13 ° 44 ′ 30.2" E