Civil worker

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Civilian employees are employees (salaried employees) or civil servants in the public service , which in military or paramilitary operate facilities.

General

The term civil worker is intended to distinguish it from soldiers who work together in agencies of the Bundeswehr or the military administration (e.g. Bundeswehr administration ). The Bundeswehr is one of the largest civilian employers in Germany. If the “personnel trend reversal” of May 2016 takes effect, the 198,000 soldiers will be supported by more than 61,000 civil servants and employees.

species

As departments also come for civilian employees, for example ordnance clearing services , canteens ( officers' mess ), barracks , military airfields , military prisons , military hospitals , military training areas or weapons depots in question.

Legal issues

Civilian employees are not subject to military law but to service law ; their employer is an agency. If they have soldiers there as their superiors , they do not issue military orders to the civilian workers , but official instructions . The obligation to follow these instructions results for civil servants from § 61 and § 62 of the Federal Civil Service Act and for employees and workers from the service contract .

Civilian employees in the Bundeswehr and in the NATO armed forces stationed in Germany

In military facilities in Germany today, a lot of maintenance, guarding and supply work is done by non-military personnel. These are usually blue-collar and white-collar workers who are employed under the relevant public service collective agreements . Because of intergovernmental agreements on stationing troops ( NATO - SOFA ), the German labor law (. Including modified BPersVG) applies to the civilian employees at the foreign forces stationed. However, the respective employment agency is operated exclusively by the foreign armed forces as an employer. The salaries are also paid from the home funds of the sending states. The activity of these employees is not an activity in the German public service. Collective agreement: TVAL II (collective agreement for workers in the stationing armed forces).

Civilian employees in the SS and the Wehrmacht during the Nazi era

As a rule, these were Germans who were employed in camps as part of a civilian employment relationship during the Nazi era. In such camps (usually concentration camps ) there was mostly either military or military-like activities, such as B. SS personnel employed. You had an employment contract with a private company on the usual terms (wage rates, right of termination, overtime regulations, expense allowances for business trips, trips home on public holidays, etc.). One example are technicians who were employed to a considerable extent for special work in the concentration camps, especially in sensitive areas in which the SS did not want prisoners to work - primarily the construction, installation and maintenance of the gas chambers , which is what JA Topf and Sons regularly do , Supplier of crematoria and gas chamber accessories. Fitters, engineers and authorized signatories were involved, who worked temporarily (possibly up to several months) in the concentration camp but lived outside. In this case, the term civil serves to distinguish these people from the rest of the professionals who worked in the context of a military or similar service and who, after the war, usually invoked an oath of service or similar to defend themselves against guilt used.

There were also foreign civilian workers from the area around the German concentration and extermination camps. B in Poland, who worked there voluntarily, as normal employees in shifts, i.e. without being SS members or prisoners themselves. Likewise, in the countries occupied by the German Wehrmacht during the Second World War , there were men and women who did regular work for the German troops or for the SS for a fee. Especially after the suppression of the National Socialist regime, they were mostly considered collaborators in their homeland .

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Bundeswehr, overview: The civilian employer Bundeswehr from September 12, 2018 , accessed on May 21, 2019
  2. Central Service Regulations (ZDv) 1/50, Basic Terms for Military Organization - Subordination - Official Instructions , No. 311