Two-banded bream
| Two-banded bream | ||||||||||||
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Two-banded bream ( Diplodus vulgaris ) |
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| Diplodus vulgaris | ||||||||||||
| ( Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire , 1817) |
The two- sea bream ( Diplodus vulgaris ), also often called two- sea bream in the singular , is a fish from the family of sea bream (Sparidae), which is native to the east Atlantic and the Mediterranean . It is named after two dark vertical stripes, one at the level of the pectoral fin and the other in front of the tail stalk.
features
The two-banded bream has a laterally flattened and high-backed body and reaches an average body length of 30 centimeters. A maximum body length of 45 cm with a body weight of 1300 g was measured. The head has very large eyes and a small terminal mouth. The back and the flanks are silver-gray with yellow longitudinal rows, each taking up a row of scales. In front of and behind the dorsal fin there is a black cross band that gave the fish its name. The pelvic fins are on the chest and dark.
The undivided dorsal fin has 11 to 12 hard fin spines and then 13 to 16 soft, the anal fin 3 hard and 12 to 15 soft fin rays.
distribution
The main distribution area of the two-banded bream is the Mediterranean Sea and the North African Atlantic coast. Occurrences are found in the Eastern Atlantic from Brittany to Africa at the level of (and near) the Cape Verde Islands . A second distribution area can be found on the coasts of Namibia and South Africa.
Way of life
The fish swim individually or in small groups. In the coastal area they live mainly on rocky soil, more rarely on sandy soil, young fish sometimes in Posidonia and seaweed meadows. The preferred depths are in the first 50 meters of the Eulitoral , but they occur up to a depth of 160 m. They feed mainly on small invertebrates, mostly small crustaceans.
Two-banded bream , like other sea bream , including the red bream ( Pagellus erythrinus ), are so-called proterogyne hermaphrodites. This means that all fish become sexually mature as females around one to two years of age and later transform into males. The spawning season of the two-banded bream is October to January.
Systematics
The two-banded bream is one of twelve species in the genus Diplodus .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Diplodus vulgaris - two-banded bream. Meerwasser-lexikon.de , accessed on January 25, 2015 .
- ↑ according to ITIS
literature
- Andreas Vilcinskas : Fish - Central European freshwater species and marine fish of the North and Baltic Seas. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, Munich 2000, page 130, ISBN 3-405-15848-6
