Red bream
| Red bream | ||||||||||||
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Red bream ( Pagellus erythrinus ) |
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| Pagellus erythrinus | ||||||||||||
| ( Linnaeus , 1758) |
The bream ( Pagellus erythrinus ), also rose Bream or Dorade Rosé called, is a food fish from the family of sea bream (Sparidae), which in the eastern Atlantic and in the Mediterranean Sea is located.
features
The red bream has an elongated and laterally flattened body. She is slightly high back and has a beefy head with a steep forehead. The fish has a terminal mouth reaching up to the eyes with thick lips, which is equipped with pointed teeth and molars. The body is light pink-silvery in color with pink and blue shimmer and has blue points on the top. There is a distinctive red marking on the rear edge of the gill cover. The undivided dorsal fin has 12 hard fin spines and then 10 to 11 soft, the anal fin 3 hard and 8 to 9 soft fin rays. The pelvic fins are ventral , the caudal fin is deeply forked. The pectoral fins are very long and pointed sickle-shaped.
The red bream is usually 15 to 25 centimeters long, exceptional fish can reach 55 centimeters in length and weigh over a kilogram.
distribution
The red bream lives in the eastern Atlantic from the British Isles to North Africa as well as in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea . It can also be found in the coastal areas of the Cape Verde Islands and the Canary Islands .
Way of life
The fish live in small groups in the coastal area and on the continental shelf in water depths of 20 to 190 meters, mainly on sandy bottoms and more rarely over silt and rocks. They patrol along edges in small flocks looking for prey. In some bays, the fish also rise into shallow water at night.
Unlike the sea bream , red bream are so-called proterogynous hermaphrodites. This means that all fish become sexually mature as females around one to two years of age and later transform into males. The spawning season of the sea bream is from summer to early autumn, although the stocks north of the British Isles and in the Black Sea do not reproduce there. Around 30,000 to 150,000 eggs are released per Rogner .
food
Red bream feed on fish, cephalopods, molluscs and crustaceans. Typical prey animals are lyre fish, sardines, anchovies, flat fish, ear fish and sand eels as well as crabs, Norway lobster, mussels, snails and octopus.
Catch and use
Red bream are popular angling fish that can be caught in deep water from a boat close to the bottom with natural bait such as squids or bait fish. Jigging with inchikus and pirking is also possible. The relatively small fish have considerable strength in the fight. In some places it is also possible to catch the red bream at night from the shore with natural bait.
In industrial fishing, the red bream is caught with bottom longlines and animal bait and sold at high prices in the trade as "Dorade Rose".
The meat of the sea bream is white and very tender and enjoys an excellent reputation in Mediterranean cuisine , it is even considered superior to that of the sea bream.
Systematics
The red bream is one of six species in the genus Pagellus .
supporting documents
Individual evidence
literature
- Andreas Vilcinskas : Fish. Central European freshwater species and marine fish from the North and Baltic Seas. BLV, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-405-15848-6 , page 128.
Web links
- Red bream on Fishbase.org (English)