Second Dionysius flood
The Second Dionysius Flood was a storm surge in the North Sea , which according to old chronicles on October 9, 1377, led to severe destruction between Flanders and the Weser .
Reports of the Chronicles
Their mention was based on different reports from Flanders and East Frisia , which originally referred to the years 1374 and 1375. Later chronicles shifted the floods to 1376 or 1377, although in Flanders it was claimed that the flood occurred on November 16 (the Monday after Martini). A second Dionysius flood of 1377 appeared in East Frisian chronicles, which was believed to have worsened the damage of 1377. The adherence to the year 1377 is probably a reference to late medieval flood myths , which emphasized that Lamech and his 77 descendants drowned in the flood as a punishment from God. The coastal researchers Petrus Georg Bartels and Dodo Wildvang firmly stuck to this date, but Carl Woebcken voiced his doubts early on. The Dutch researcher Elisabeth Gottschalk has established from the sources that there is “not a single evidence” of a Dionysius flood in 1377, although some damage to the dykes in Flanders in November of this year cannot be ruled out. Additional climate studies have confirmed their results.
In Flanders, around seventeen villages and one monastery were destroyed in 1374 and 1375. The sea bosom Zuudzee or Braakman was created , which later - like its counterpart at the mouth of the Ems - was probably also called Dollaert . This number was doubled by the East Frisian chroniclers. According to excerpts from the chronicle of the 16th century, there were devastating dike breaches in the area of the Leybucht in 1374 and the following years in East Friesland , with the village of Westeel being destroyed. As a result, the flood is said to have reached the city north , where the waves reached the walls of the Dominican monastery . From then on, the city had access to the North Sea and was given a port. The water penetrated deep into the interior of the country via the now silted up bays of Sielmönken and Campen . On the Rysumer Nacken the parishes Drewert and Walsum as well as the village Ham were destroyed in the late 14th century.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Otto Samuel Knottnerus: Verdronken dorpen. In: Groninger Kerken 28 (2011), pp. 3–8
- ^ MK Elisabeth Gottschalk: Stormvloeden en rivieroverstromingen in Nederland. Vol. 1, 1977, pp. 460, 465
- ↑ Cf. Brigitte Poppinga: Land losses and land reclamation on the German North Sea coast . Bachelor thesis at the University of Vechta, 2009. p. 17