Sodium–hydrogen antiporter 3: Difference between revisions

SLC9A3
Identifiers
Aliases	SLC9A3, NHE3, NHE-3, Sodium–hydrogen antiporter 3, DIAR8, solute carrier family 9 member A3
External IDs	OMIM: 182307 MGI: 105064 HomoloGene: 55804 GeneCards: SLC9A3
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (human)
End	524,449 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 13 (mouse)
End	74,317,561 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	sural nerve; ; gallbladder; ; body of stomach; ; right uterine tube; ; kidney; ; appendix; ; rectum; ; fundus; ; skin of abdomen; ; stromal cell of endometrium;
	Top expressed in
	jejunum; ; duodenum; ; kidney; ; large intestine; ; colon; ; secondary oocyte; ; proximal tubule; ; left colon; ; otolith organ; ; utricle;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein binding; PDZ domain binding; antiporter activity; solute:proton antiporter activity; potassium:proton antiporter activity; sodium:proton antiporter activity;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; membrane; cell surface; extracellular exosome; plasma membrane; brush border membrane; brush border; apical plasma membrane; vesicle;
Biological process	regulation of pH; proton transmembrane transport; ion transport; cation transport; sodium ion transport; potassium ion transmembrane transport; transmembrane transport; regulation of intracellular pH; sodium ion import across plasma membrane; transport; anion transmembrane transport;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	6550
	105243
	ENSG00000281861; ENSG00000066230
	ENSMUSG00000036123
	P48764
	G3X939
	NM_001284351; NM_004174
	NM_001081060
	NP_001271280; NP_004165
	NP_001074529
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

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Latest revision as of 18:23, 28 January 2023

Sodium–hydrogen antiporter 3 also known as sodium–hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3) or solute carrier family 9 member 3 (SLC9A3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC9A3 gene.^[5]^[6]

SLC9A3 is a sodium–hydrogen antiporter. It is found on the apical side of the epithelial cells of the proximal tubule of the nephron of the kidney, in the apical membrane of enterocytes of the intestine, as well as the basolateral side of both duodenal and pancreatic cells responsible for the release of HCO−3 into the duodenal lumen. It is primarily responsible for maintaining the balance of sodium. It is also indirectly linked to buffering of blood pH. The NHE3 antiporter imports one sodium ion into the cytosol of a tubule cell as it ejects one hydrogen ion from the cell into the lumen of the proximal tubule. The sodium within the tubule cell may then be retained by the body rather than excreted in the urine. The NHE3 antiporter indirectly contributes to blood buffering capacity because hydrogen ions that are ejected are the products of the carbonic anhydrase enzyme, which also makes bicarbonate.^[7]

Regulation[edit]

Protein kinase C stimulates NHE3, while protein kinase A inhibits it.^[8]

There is a specific protein functioning as an NHE3 regulator, Sodium-hydrogen antiporter 3 regulator 1.

Inhibitors[edit]

Tenapanor^[9]

Stimulators[edit]

Insulin^[10] stimulates NHE3 and thereby proximal tubule sodium absorption.

Interactions[edit]

Sodium–hydrogen antiporter 3 has been shown to interact with CHP.^[11]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ENSG00000066230 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000281861, ENSG00000066230 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000036123 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Entrez Gene: SLC9A3 Solute carrier family 9 (sodium/hydrogen exchanger), member 3".
^ Brant SR, Bernstein M, Wasmuth JJ, Taylor EW, McPherson JD, Li X, Walker S, Pouyssegur J, Donowitz M, Tse CM (March 1993). "Physical and genetic mapping of a human apical epithelial Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE3) isoform to chromosome 5p15.3". Genomics. 15 (3): 668–72. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1122. PMID 8096830.
^ VI. Mechanisms of Salt & Water Reabsorption Archived February 10, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
^ 852 Walter F., PhD. Boron (2005). Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approaoch. Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 1-4160-2328-3. Page 852
^ Spencer AG, Labonte ED, Rosenbaum DP, Plato CF, Carreras CW, Leadbetter MR, Kozuka K, Kohler J, Koo-McCoy S, He L, Bell N, Tabora J, Joly KM, Navre M, Jacobs JW, Charmot D (2014). "Intestinal inhibition of the Na+/H+ exchanger 3 prevents cardiorenal damage in rats and inhibits Na+ uptake in humans". Sci Transl Med. 6 (227): 227ra36. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3007790. PMID 24622516. S2CID 10741924.
^ Klisic J, Hu MC, Nief V, Reyes L, Fuster D, Moe OW, Ambühl PM (2002). "Insulin activates Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 3: biphasic response and glucocorticoid dependence". Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 283 (3): F532-9. doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00365.2001. PMID 12167605.
^ Inoue H, Nakamura Y, Nagita M, Takai T, Masuda M, Nakamura N, Kanazawa H (2003). "Calcineurin homologous protein isoform 2 (CHP2), Na+/H+ exchangers-binding protein, is expressed in intestinal epithelium". Biol. Pharm. Bull. 26 (2): 148–55. doi:10.1248/bpb.26.148. PMID 12576672.

External links[edit]

Sodium-Hydrogen+Exchanger at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This membrane protein–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] ENSG00000066230 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000281861, ENSG00000066230 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000036123 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[5] "Entrez Gene: SLC9A3 Solute carrier family 9 (sodium/hydrogen exchanger), member 3".

[pmid8096830-6] Brant SR, Bernstein M, Wasmuth JJ, Taylor EW, McPherson JD, Li X, Walker S, Pouyssegur J, Donowitz M, Tse CM (March 1993). "Physical and genetic mapping of a human apical epithelial Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE3) isoform to chromosome 5p15.3". Genomics. 15 (3): 668–72. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1122. PMID 8096830.

[7] VI. Mechanisms of Salt & Water Reabsorption Archived February 10, 2007, at the Wayback Machine

[boron-8] 852 Walter F., PhD. Boron (2005). Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approaoch. Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 1-4160-2328-3. Page 852

[pmid24622516-9] Spencer AG, Labonte ED, Rosenbaum DP, Plato CF, Carreras CW, Leadbetter MR, Kozuka K, Kohler J, Koo-McCoy S, He L, Bell N, Tabora J, Joly KM, Navre M, Jacobs JW, Charmot D (2014). "Intestinal inhibition of the Na+/H+ exchanger 3 prevents cardiorenal damage in rats and inhibits Na+ uptake in humans". Sci Transl Med. 6 (227): 227ra36. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3007790. PMID 24622516. S2CID 10741924.

[pmid12167605-10] Klisic J, Hu MC, Nief V, Reyes L, Fuster D, Moe OW, Ambühl PM (2002). "Insulin activates Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 3: biphasic response and glucocorticoid dependence". Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 283 (3): F532-9. doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00365.2001. PMID 12167605.

[pmid12576672-11] Inoue H, Nakamura Y, Nagita M, Takai T, Masuda M, Nakamura N, Kanazawa H (2003). "Calcineurin homologous protein isoform 2 (CHP2), Na+/H+ exchangers-binding protein, is expressed in intestinal epithelium". Biol. Pharm. Bull. 26 (2): 148–55. doi:10.1248/bpb.26.148. PMID 12576672.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}
 {{Use mdy dates|date=May 2011}}
-{{PBB|geneid=6550}}
+{{Infobox_gene}}
+'''Sodium–hydrogen antiporter 3''' also known as '''sodium–hydrogen exchanger 3''' ('''NHE3''') or '''solute carrier family 9 member 3''' ('''SLC9A3''') is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''SLC9A3'' [[gene]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SLC9A3 Solute carrier family 9 (sodium/hydrogen exchanger), member 3| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6550}}</ref><ref name="pmid8096830">{{cite journal | vauthors = Brant SR, Bernstein M, Wasmuth JJ, Taylor EW, McPherson JD, Li X, Walker S, Pouyssegur J, Donowitz M, Tse CM | title = Physical and genetic mapping of a human apical epithelial Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE3) isoform to chromosome 5p15.3 | journal = Genomics | volume = 15 | issue = 3 | pages = 668–72  | date = March 1993 | pmid = 8096830 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1993.1122 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
+SLC9A3 is a [[sodium–hydrogen antiporter]].  It is found on the apical side of the [[epithelial cells]] of the proximal tubule of the [[nephron]] of the [[kidney]], in the [[apical membrane]] of [[enterocytes]] of the [[intestine]], as well as the basolateral side of both duodenal and pancreatic cells responsible for the release of HCO−3 into the duodenal lumen. It is primarily responsible for maintaining the balance of [[sodium]].  It is also indirectly linked to buffering of blood pH.  The  NHE3 antiporter imports one sodium ion into the cytosol of a tubule cell as it ejects one hydrogen ion from the cell into the lumen of the proximal tubule.  The sodium within the tubule cell may then be retained by the body rather than excreted in the urine.  The NHE3 antiporter indirectly contributes to blood buffering capacity because hydrogen ions that are ejected are the products of the carbonic anhydrase enzyme, which also makes bicarbonate.<ref>[http://www2.kumc.edu/ki/physiology/course/six/6_1.htm VI. Mechanisms of Salt & Water Reabsorption<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070210045708/http://www2.kumc.edu/ki/physiology/course/six/6_1.htm |date=February 10, 2007 }}</ref>
-'''Sodium–hydrogen antiporter 3''' also known as '''sodium–hydrogen exchanger 3''' (NHE3) or '''solute carrier family 9 member 3''' (SLC9A3) is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''SLC9A3'' [[gene]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SLC9A3 Solute carrier family 9 (sodium/hydrogen exchanger), member 3| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6550| accessdate = }}</ref><ref name="pmid8096830">{{cite journal | author = Brant SR, Bernstein M, Wasmuth JJ, Taylor EW, McPherson JD, Li X, Walker S, Pouyssegur J, Donowitz M, Tse CM | title = Physical and genetic mapping of a human apical epithelial Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> exchanger (NHE3) isoform to chromosome 5p15.3 | journal = Genomics | volume = 15 | issue = 3 | pages = 668–72 |date=March 1993 | pmid = 8096830 | doi =10.1006/geno.1993.1122  | url = | issn = }}</ref>
+== Regulation ==
-SLC9A3 is a [[sodium–hydrogen antiporter]].  It is found in the [[nephron]] of the [[kidney]] and in the [[apical membrane]] of [[enterocytes]] of the [[intestine]]. It is primarily responsible for maintaining the balance of [[sodium]].<ref>[http://www2.kumc.edu/ki/physiology/course/six/6_1.htm VI. Mechanisms of Salt & Water Reabsorption<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
+[[Protein kinase C]] stimulates NHE3, while [[protein kinase A]] inhibits it.<ref name=boron>852 {{cite book |author=Walter F., PhD. Boron |title=Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approaoch |publisher=Elsevier/Saunders |year= 2005|isbn=1-4160-2328-3 }} Page 852</ref>
-==Regulation==
-[[Protein kinase C]] stimulates NHE3, while [[protein kinase A]] inhibits it.<ref name=boron>852 {{cite book |author=Walter F., PhD. Boron |title=Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approaoch |publisher=Elsevier/Saunders |location= |year= 2005|pages= |isbn=1-4160-2328-3 |oclc= |doi=}} Page 852</ref>
 There is a specific protein functioning as an NHE3 regulator, [[Sodium-hydrogen antiporter 3 regulator 1]].
-==Interactions==
+=== Inhibitors ===
-Sodium–hydrogen antiporter 3 has been shown to [[Protein–protein interaction|interact]] with [[CHP (gene)|CHP]].<ref name=pmid12576672>{{cite journal |last=Inoue |first=Hiroki |authorlink= |coauthors=Nakamura Yutaka, Nagita Mana, Takai Tomoyo, Masuda Miho, Nakamura Norihiro, Kanazawa Hiroshi |date=Feb 2003 |title=Calcineurin homologous protein isoform 2 (CHP2), Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> exchangers-binding protein, is expressed in intestinal epithelium |journal=Biol. Pharm. Bull. |volume=26 |issue=2 |pages=148–55 |publisher= |location = Japan| issn = 0918-6158| pmid = 12576672 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = |doi=10.1248/bpb.26.148 }}</ref>
+* [[Tenapanor]]<ref name="pmid24622516">{{cite journal | vauthors = Spencer AG, Labonte ED, Rosenbaum DP, Plato CF, Carreras CW, Leadbetter MR, Kozuka K, Kohler J, Koo-McCoy S, He L, Bell N, Tabora J, Joly KM, Navre M, Jacobs JW, Charmot D | title = Intestinal inhibition of the Na+/H+ exchanger 3 prevents cardiorenal damage in rats and inhibits Na+ uptake in humans | journal = Sci Transl Med | volume = 6 | issue = 227 | pages = 227ra36 | year = 2014 | pmid = 24622516 | doi = 10.1126/scitranslmed.3007790 | s2cid = 10741924 }}</ref>
-==References==
-{{reflist}}
+=== Stimulators ===
-==Further reading==
+* [[Insulin]]<ref name="pmid12167605">{{cite journal | vauthors = Klisic J, Hu MC, Nief V, Reyes L, Fuster D, Moe OW, Ambühl PM | title = Insulin activates Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 3: biphasic response and glucocorticoid dependence | journal = Am J Physiol Renal Physiol | issue = 3 | pages = F532-9 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12167605 | doi=10.1152/ajprenal.00365.2001 | volume=283}}</ref> stimulates NHE3 and thereby proximal tubule sodium absorption.
+== Interactions ==
+Sodium–hydrogen antiporter 3 has been shown to [[Protein–protein interaction|interact]] with [[CHP (gene)|CHP]].<ref name="pmid12576672">{{cite journal | vauthors = Inoue H, Nakamura Y, Nagita M, Takai T, Masuda M, Nakamura N, Kanazawa H | title = Calcineurin homologous protein isoform 2 (CHP2), Na+/H+ exchangers-binding protein, is expressed in intestinal epithelium | journal = Biol. Pharm. Bull. | volume = 26 | issue = 2 | pages = 148–55 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12576672 | doi = 10.1248/bpb.26.148 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
+== References ==
+{{reflist|30em}}
+== Further reading ==
 {{refbegin | 2}}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = McDonough AA, Leong PK, Yang LE | title = Mechanisms of pressure natriuresis: how blood pressure regulates renal sodium transport | journal = Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. | volume = 986 | pages = 669–77 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12763917 | doi = 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07281.x | s2cid = 86115595 }}
-{{PBB_Further_reading
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Orlowski J, Kandasamy RA, Shull GE | title = Molecular cloning of putative members of the Na/H exchanger gene family. cDNA cloning, deduced amino acid sequence, and mRNA tissue expression of the rat Na/H exchanger NHE-1 and two structurally related proteins | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 267 | issue = 13 | pages = 9331–9 | year = 1992 | doi = 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50428-8 | pmid = 1577762 | doi-access = free }}
-| citations =
-*{{cite journal  | author=McDonough AA, Leong PK, Yang LE |title=Mechanisms of pressure natriuresis: how blood pressure regulates renal sodium transport. |journal=Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. |volume=986 |issue=  |pages= 669–77 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12763917 |doi= 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07281.x }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Brant SR, Yun CH, Donowitz M, Tse CM | title = Cloning, tissue distribution, and functional analysis of the human Na+/N+ exchanger isoform, NHE3 | journal = Am. J. Physiol. | volume = 269 | issue = 1 Pt 1 | pages = C198-206 | year = 1995 | pmid = 7631746 | doi =  10.1152/ajpcell.1995.269.1.C198}}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Orlowski J, Kandasamy RA, Shull GE |title=Molecular cloning of putative members of the Na/H exchanger gene family. cDNA cloning, deduced amino acid sequence, and mRNA tissue expression of the rat Na/H exchanger NHE-1 and two structurally related proteins. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=267 |issue= 13 |pages= 9331–9 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1577762 |doi=  }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Colombani V, Silviani V, Marteau C, Lerique B, Cartouzou G, Gerolami A | title = Presence of the NHE3 isoform of the Na+/H+ exchanger in human gallbladder | journal = Clin. Sci. | volume = 91 | issue = 2 | pages = 209–12 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8795445 | doi =  10.1042/cs0910209}}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Brant SR, Yun CH, Donowitz M, Tse CM |title=Cloning, tissue distribution, and functional analysis of the human Na<sup>+</sup>/N<sup>+</sup> exchanger isoform, NHE3. |journal=Am. J. Physiol. |volume=269 |issue= 1 Pt 1 |pages= C198–206 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7631746 |doi=  }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Dudeja PK, Rao DD, Syed I, Joshi V, Dahdal RY, Gardner C, Risk MC, Schmidt L, Bavishi D, Kim KE, Harig JM, Goldstein JL, Layden TJ, Ramaswamy K | title = Intestinal distribution of human Na+/H+ exchanger isoforms NHE-1, NHE-2, and NHE-3 mRNA | journal = Am. J. Physiol. | volume = 271 | issue = 3 Pt 1 | pages = G483-93 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8843774 | doi =  10.1152/ajpgi.1996.271.3.G483}}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Colombani V, Silviani V, Marteau C, ''et al.'' |title=Presence of the NHE3 isoform of the Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> exchanger in human gallbladder. |journal=Clin. Sci. |volume=91 |issue= 2 |pages= 209–12 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8795445 |doi=  }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Lin X, Barber DL | title = A calcineurin homologous protein inhibits GTPase-stimulated Na-H exchange | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 93 | issue = 22 | pages = 12631–6 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8901634 | pmc = 38044 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.93.22.12631 | bibcode = 1996PNAS...9312631L | doi-access = free }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Dudeja PK, Rao DD, Syed I, ''et al.'' |title=Intestinal distribution of human Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> exchanger isoforms NHE-1, NHE-2, and NHE-3 mRNA. |journal=Am. J. Physiol. |volume=271 |issue= 3 Pt 1 |pages= G483–93 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8843774 |doi=  }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Yun CH, Lamprecht G, Forster DV, Sidor A | title = NHE3 kinase A regulatory protein E3KARP binds the epithelial brush border Na+/H+ exchanger NHE3 and the cytoskeletal protein ezrin | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 273 | issue = 40 | pages = 25856–63 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9748260 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.273.40.25856 | doi-access = free }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Lin X, Barber DL |title=A calcineurin homologous protein inhibits GTPase-stimulated Na-H exchange. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=93 |issue= 22 |pages= 12631–6 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8901634 |doi=10.1073/pnas.93.22.12631  | pmc=38044  }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Biemesderfer D, Nagy T, DeGray B, Aronson PS | title = Specific association of megalin and the Na+/H+ exchanger isoform NHE3 in the proximal tubule | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 274 | issue = 25 | pages = 17518–24 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10364184 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.274.25.17518 | doi-access = free }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Yun CH, Lamprecht G, Forster DV, Sidor A |title=NHE3 kinase A regulatory protein E3KARP binds the epithelial brush border Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> exchanger NHE3 and the cytoskeletal protein ezrin. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 40 |pages= 25856–63 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9748260 |doi=10.1074/jbc.273.40.25856  }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mobasheri A, Golding S, Pagakis SN, Corkey K, Pocock AE, Fermor B, O'Brien MJ, Wilkins RJ, Ellory JC, Francis MJ | title = Expression of cation exchanger NHE and anion exchanger AE isoforms in primary human bone-derived osteoblasts | journal = Cell Biol. Int. | volume = 22 | issue = 7–8 | pages = 551–62 | year = 1998 | pmid = 10452823 | doi = 10.1006/cbir.1998.0299 | s2cid = 12201584 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Biemesderfer D, Nagy T, DeGray B, Aronson PS |title=Specific association of megalin and the Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> exchanger isoform NHE3 in the proximal tubule. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 25 |pages= 17518–24 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10364184 |doi=10.1074/jbc.274.25.17518  }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Trujillo E, Alvarez de la Rosa D, Mobasheri A, González T, Canessa CM, Martín-Vasallo P | title = Sodium transport systems in human chondrocytes. II. Expression of ENaC, Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter and Na+/H+ exchangers in healthy and arthritic chondrocytes | journal = Histol. Histopathol. | volume = 14 | issue = 4 | pages = 1023–31 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10506918 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Mobasheri A, Golding S, Pagakis SN, ''et al.'' |title=Expression of cation exchanger NHE and anion exchanger AE isoforms in primary human bone-derived osteoblasts. |journal=Cell Biol. Int. |volume=22 |issue= 7–8 |pages= 551–62 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10452823 |doi= 10.1006/cbir.1998.0299 }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Repishti M, Hogan DL, Pratha V, Davydova L, Donowitz M, Tse CM, Isenberg JI | title = Human duodenal mucosal brush border Na(+)/H(+) exchangers NHE2 and NHE3 alter net bicarbonate movement | journal = Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. | volume = 281 | issue = 1 | pages = G159-63 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11408268 | doi =  10.1152/ajpgi.2001.281.1.G159| s2cid = 616434 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Trujillo E, Alvarez de la Rosa D, Mobasheri A, ''et al.'' |title=Sodium transport systems in human chondrocytes. II. Expression of ENaC, Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>/2Cl<sup>−</sup> cotransporter and Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> exchangers in healthy and arthritic chondrocytes. |journal=Histol. Histopathol. |volume=14 |issue= 4 |pages= 1023–31 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10506918 |doi=  }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Malakooti J, Memark VC, Dudeja PK, Ramaswamy K | title = Molecular cloning and functional analysis of the human Na(+)/H(+) exchanger NHE3 promoter | journal = Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. | volume = 282 | issue = 3 | pages = G491-500 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11841999 | doi = 10.1152/ajpgi.00273.2001 | s2cid = 23652274 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Repishti M, Hogan DL, Pratha V, ''et al.'' |title=Human duodenal mucosal brush border Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> exchangers NHE2 and NHE3 alter net bicarbonate movement. |journal=Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. |volume=281 |issue= 1 |pages= G159–63 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11408268 |doi=  }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Gekle M, Serrano OK, Drumm K, Mildenberger S, Freudinger R, Gassner B, Jansen HW, Christensen EI | title = NHE3 serves as a molecular tool for cAMP-mediated regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis | journal = Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. | volume = 283 | issue = 3 | pages = F549-58 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12167607 | doi = 10.1152/ajprenal.00206.2001 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Malakooti J, Memark VC, Dudeja PK, Ramaswamy K |title=Molecular cloning and functional analysis of the human Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> exchanger NHE3 promoter. |journal=Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. |volume=282 |issue= 3 |pages= G491–500 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11841999 |doi= 10.1152/ajpgi.00273.2001 }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kennedy DJ, Leibach FH, Ganapathy V, Thwaites DT | title = Optimal absorptive transport of the dipeptide glycylsarcosine is dependent on functional Na+/H+ exchange activity | journal = Pflügers Arch. | volume = 445 | issue = 1 | pages = 139–46 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12397398 | doi = 10.1007/s00424-002-0910-1 | s2cid = 22183032 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Gekle M, Serrano OK, Drumm K, ''et al.'' |title=NHE3 serves as a molecular tool for cAMP-mediated regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis. |journal=Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. |volume=283 |issue= 3 |pages= F549–58 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12167607 |doi= 10.1152/ajprenal.00206.2001 }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Lee SH, Seok YS, Jung HH, Oh BH, Lee HM, Kwon SY, Jung KY | title = Expression of mRNA transcripts of the Na+/H+ and Cl-/HCO3- exchanger isoforms in human nasal mucosa | journal = Acta Otolaryngol. | volume = 122 | issue = 8 | pages = 866–71 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12542207 | doi = 10.1080/003655402/000028045 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Kennedy DJ, Leibach FH, Ganapathy V, Thwaites DT |title=Optimal absorptive transport of the dipeptide glycylsarcosine is dependent on functional Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> exchange activity. |journal=Pflugers Arch. |volume=445 |issue= 1 |pages= 139–46 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12397398 |doi= 10.1007/s00424-002-0910-1 }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Inoue H, Nakamura Y, Nagita M, Takai T, Masuda M, Nakamura N, Kanazawa H | title = Calcineurin homologous protein isoform 2 (CHP2), Na+/H+ exchangers-binding protein, is expressed in intestinal epithelium | journal = Biol. Pharm. Bull. | volume = 26 | issue = 2 | pages = 148–55 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12576672 | doi = 10.1248/bpb.26.148 | doi-access = free }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899  | pmc=139241 }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, Van Damme J, Staes A, Thomas GR, Vandekerckhove J | title = Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides | journal = Nat. Biotechnol. | volume = 21 | issue = 5 | pages = 566–9 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12665801 | doi = 10.1038/nbt810 | s2cid = 23783563 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Lee SH, Seok YS, Jung HH, ''et al.'' |title=Expression of mRNA transcripts of the Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> and Cl<sup>−</sup>/HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> exchanger isoforms in human nasal mucosa. |journal=Acta Otolaryngol. |volume=122 |issue= 8 |pages= 866–71 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12542207 |doi=10.1080/003655402/000028045  }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Inoue H, Nakamura Y, Nagita M, ''et al.'' |title=Calcineurin homologous protein isoform 2 (CHP2), Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> exchangers-binding protein, is expressed in intestinal epithelium. |journal=Biol. Pharm. Bull. |volume=26 |issue= 2 |pages= 148–55 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12576672 |doi=10.1248/bpb.26.148  }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, ''et al.'' |title=Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. |journal=Nat. Biotechnol. |volume=21 |issue= 5 |pages= 566–9 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12665801 |doi= 10.1038/nbt810 }}
-}}
 {{refend}}
-==External links==
+== External links ==
 * {{MeshName|Sodium-Hydrogen+Exchanger}}
 {{Ion pumps}}
 {{Membrane transport proteins}}
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 {{DEFAULTSORT:Sodium-hydrogen antiporter 3}}