Byzacena: Difference between revisions
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| conventional_long_name = |
| conventional_long_name = |
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| common_name = Byzacena |
| common_name = Byzacena |
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| subdivision = [[ |
| subdivision = [[Roman province|Province]] |
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| nation = the [[Byzantine Empire]] |
| nation = the [[Late Roman Empire]] - [[Byzantine Empire]] |
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| era = [[ |
| era = [[Late Antiquity]] - [[Early Middle Ages]] |
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| capital = [[Hadrumetum]] |
| capital = [[Hadrumetum]] |
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| title_leader = ''Consularis'' |
| title_leader = ''Consularis'' |
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| image_map = Roman Africa.JPG |
| image_map = Roman Africa.JPG |
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| image_map_caption = Map of Roman Africa and Egypt; Byzacena shown in top right. |
| image_map_caption = Map of Roman Africa and Egypt; Byzacena shown in top right. |
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| life_span = |
| life_span = 293–439 <br/> 534–698 |
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| year_start = c. 293 |
| year_start = c. 293 |
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| event_start = Division by [[Diocletian]] |
| event_start = Division by [[Diocletian]] |
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| event1 = |
| event1 = [[Capture of Carthage (439)|Vandal Conquest of Carthage]] |
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| date_event1 = |
| date_event1 = 439 |
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|event2 = Byzantine reconquest by [[Vandalic War]] |
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|date_event2 = 534 |
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|event3 = Reorganization into the [[Exarchate of Africa|Exarchate]] |
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|date_event3 = 591 |
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| year_end = 698 |
| year_end = 698 |
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| event_end = [[ |
| event_end = [[Battle of Carthage (698)|Fall of Carthage]] |
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| today = [[Tunisia]] |
| today = [[Tunisia]] |
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| p1 = Roman |
| p1 = Africa (Roman province) |
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| flag_p1 = Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg |
| flag_p1 = Vexilloid of the Roman Empire.svg |
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| |
|s1 = Vandal Kingdom |
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| |
|flag_s1 = Vandales.png |
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|p2 = Vandal Kingdom |
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|flag_p2 = Vandales.png |
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|s2 = Ifriqiya |
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|flag_s2 = White_flag_3_to_2.svg |
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| image_map2 = Map_of_Byzacena.png |
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| image_map2_caption = The Province of Byzacena, showing its territorial extent, capital and major cities. |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Byzacena''' (or '''Byzacium''') ({{lang-grc|Βυζάκιον}}, ''Byzakion |
'''Byzacena''' (or '''Byzacium''') ({{lang-grc|Βυζάκιον}}, ''Byzakion'')<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg4029.tlg001.perseus-grc1:4.12 Procopius, History of the Wars, §4.12]</ref> was a Late [[Roman province]] in the central part of [[Roman North Africa]], which is now roughly [[Tunisia]], split off from [[Africa Proconsularis]]. |
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== History == |
== History == |
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At the end of the 3rd century AD, the Roman emperor [[Diocletian]] divided the great Roman province of [[Africa Proconsularis]] into three smaller provinces: Zeugitana in the north, still governed by a proconsul and referred to as Proconsularis; Byzacena to its adjacent south, and [[Tripolitania]] to its adjacent south, roughly corresponding to southeast [[Tunisia]] and northwest [[Libya]]. Byzacena corresponded roughly to eastern Tunisia or the modern Tunisian region of [[Sahel, Tunisia|Sahel]]. |
At the end of the 3rd century AD, the Roman emperor [[Diocletian]] divided the great Roman province of [[Africa Proconsularis]] into three smaller provinces: Zeugitana in the north, still governed by a proconsul and referred to as Proconsularis; Byzacena to its adjacent south, and [[Tripolitania]] to its adjacent south, roughly corresponding to southeast [[Tunisia]] and northwest [[Libya]]. Byzacena corresponded roughly to eastern Tunisia or the modern Tunisian region of [[Sahel, Tunisia|Sahel]]. |
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[[Hadrumetum]] (modern [[Sousse]]) became the capital of the newly made province, whose governor had the rank of ''[[consularis]]''. At this period the Metropolitan Archbishopric of Byzacena was, after the great metropolis [[Carthage]], the most important city in Roman (North) Africa west of [[Egypt]] and its [[Patriarch of Alexandria]]. |
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The province shared the fate of Roman Africa and was the scene of the [[Battle of Tricamarum]] on December 15, 533 , which sealed the fate of the [[Vandal Kingdom|Vandals]] in North Africa. Subsequently, the Byzacena became part of Byzantine North Africa. Around 670 Byzacena was conquered by the Arab general [[Uqba ibn Nafi|ʿUqba ibn Nafiʿ]] , who founded [[Kairouan]] in the same year. When the exarch, together with the Berber prince [[Kusaila]], defeated Uqba ibn Nafi in 683, the province was recaptured, but finally fell to the Arabs in 698 at the latest. |
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== Episcopal sees == |
== Episcopal sees == |
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* [[Selendeta]] |
* [[Selendeta]] |
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* [[Septimunicia]] (ruins of Oglet-El-Metnem? Henchir-El-Bliaa?) |
* [[Septimunicia]] (ruins of Oglet-El-Metnem? Henchir-El-Bliaa?) |
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* [[Severiana]] |
* [[Diocese of Severiana|Severiana]] |
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* [[Sufes]] |
* [[Sufes]] |
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* [[Sufetula (see)|Sufetula]] |
* [[Sufetula (see)|Sufetula]] |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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* [[List of Catholic dioceses in Tunisia]] |
* [[List of Catholic dioceses in Tunisia]] |
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* [[List |
* [[List of Catholic dioceses (structured view)]] |
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* [[List of Catholic titular sees]] |
* [[List of Catholic titular sees]] |
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== References |
== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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== |
== Sources and external links == |
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* [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/country/TN-type.htm GCatholic - Tunisia] |
* [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/country/TN-type.htm GCatholic - Tunisia] |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20190711234522/https://www.notitiadignitatum.org/613-map.htm Map] of the Roman state according to the |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20190711234522/https://www.notitiadignitatum.org/613-map.htm Map] of the Roman state according to the Compilation notitia dignitatum |
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* [https://www.notitiadignitatum.org/08i-plac.pdf Place-names] in the Compilation notitia dignitatum |
* [https://www.notitiadignitatum.org/08i-plac.pdf Place-names] in the Compilation notitia dignitatum |
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{{Late Roman Provinces|state=collapsed}} |
{{Late Roman Provinces|state=collapsed}} |
Latest revision as of 09:23, 30 November 2023
Provincia Byzacena ἐπαρχία Βυζακινῆς | |||||||||||||
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Province of the Late Roman Empire - Byzantine Empire | |||||||||||||
293–439 534–698 | |||||||||||||
Map of Roman Africa and Egypt; Byzacena shown in top right. | |||||||||||||
The Province of Byzacena, showing its territorial extent, capital and major cities. | |||||||||||||
Capital | Hadrumetum | ||||||||||||
Historical era | Late Antiquity - Early Middle Ages | ||||||||||||
• Division by Diocletian | c. 293 | ||||||||||||
439 | |||||||||||||
• Byzantine reconquest by Vandalic War | 534 | ||||||||||||
• Reorganization into the Exarchate | 591 | ||||||||||||
698 | |||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
Today part of | Tunisia |
Byzacena (or Byzacium) (Ancient Greek: Βυζάκιον, Byzakion)[1] was a Late Roman province in the central part of Roman North Africa, which is now roughly Tunisia, split off from Africa Proconsularis.
History[edit]
At the end of the 3rd century AD, the Roman emperor Diocletian divided the great Roman province of Africa Proconsularis into three smaller provinces: Zeugitana in the north, still governed by a proconsul and referred to as Proconsularis; Byzacena to its adjacent south, and Tripolitania to its adjacent south, roughly corresponding to southeast Tunisia and northwest Libya. Byzacena corresponded roughly to eastern Tunisia or the modern Tunisian region of Sahel.
Hadrumetum (modern Sousse) became the capital of the newly made province, whose governor had the rank of consularis. At this period the Metropolitan Archbishopric of Byzacena was, after the great metropolis Carthage, the most important city in Roman (North) Africa west of Egypt and its Patriarch of Alexandria.
Episcopal sees[edit]
Ancient episcopal sees of Byzacena listed in the Annuario Pontificio as titular sees:[2]
- Abaradira
- Abari
- Abidda (ruins of Ksour-Abbeda)
- Acholla (Henchir-El-Alia)
- Aeliae (Henchir-Mraba? Henchir-Merelma)
- Africa (Mahdia)
- Afufenia
- Aggar
- Aggersel (Abd-Er-Rahman-El-Garis? Tacrouna?)
- Ammaedara (Haïdra)
- Amudarsa (in the plain of Saïda)
- Ancusa
- Aquae Albae in Byzacena (in Gabès Governorate)
- Aquae in Byzacena (in Gabès Governorate)
- Aquae Regiae (Henchir-Baboucha?)
- Aurusuliana (in the territory of Henchir-Guennara)
- Ausafa
- Autenti
- Auzegera
- Bahanna (Henchir-Nebahna, ruins at Dhorbania?)[3]
- Bararus (Henchir-Ronga, Rougga)
- Bassiana
- Bavagaliana
- Bennefa (Oglet-Khefifa)
- Bladia (Henchir-Baldia?)
- Buleliana
- Cabarasussi (Drâa-Bellouan)
- Carcabia
- Cariana
- Cebarades
- Cenculiana
- Cercina (Kerkennah Islands)
- Cibaliana
- Cillium alias Colonia Cillilana (Kasserine)
- Crepedula
- Cufruta
- Chusira (Kessera)
- Decoriana
- Dices (Henchir-Sidi-Salah, Sadic?)
- Dionysiana
- Drua (Henchir-Bou-Driès)
- Dura (Titular See)
- Edistiana
- Egnatia
- Febiana
- Feradi Maius (Henchir-El-Ferada?)
- Feradi Minus
- Filaca
- Fissiana (in the plain of Foussana?)
- Foratiana
- Forontoniana (Henchir-Bir-El-Menadka?)
- Gaguari
- Garriana (Henchir-El-Garra)
- Gemellae in Byzacena (Sidi-Aïch)
- Germaniciana (ruins of Ksour-El-Maïeta? Melloul? ruins of Hadjeh-El-Aïoun?)
- Gratiana
- Gubaliana (ruins of Djebeliana? ruins of Henchir-Goubel?)
- Gummi in Byzacena (Henchir-Gelama?, Henchir-El-Senem)
- Gurza (Kalâa Kebira)
- Hadrumetum (Sousse), the Metropolitan Archbishopric
- Hermiana
- Hierpiniana
- Hirina
- Horrea Coelia (Hergla)
- Iubaltiana (at Kairouan)
- Iunca in Byzacena (Ounga)
- Leptiminus
- Limisa (Henchir-Boudja)
- Macon
- Macriana Maior
- Macriana Minor
- Mactaris
- Madarsuma (Henchir-Bou-Doukhane?)
- Maraguia (ruins of Ksar-Margui?)
- Marazanae (Henchir-Guennara)
- Marazanae Regiae
- Masclianae (ruins of Hadjeb-El-Aioun?)
- Materiana
- Maximiana in Byzacena (near Sousse)
- Mediana (Bishopric)
- Menefessi (Henchir-Djemmiah)
- Mibiarca
- Midica (near Sfax)
- Mididi (Henchir-Medded, Midid)
- Mimiana
- Mozotcori
- Munatiana
- Mutia (Henchir-El-Gheria, Henchir-Furna)
- Muzuca in Byzacena (Henchir-Besra)
- Nara (Bir El Hafey)
- Nationa
- Nepte (Nafta)
- Octaba
- Octabia
- Pederodiana (Oum-Federa, Fodra?)
- Precausa
- Praesidium (Somâa)
- Putia in Byzacena (Bir-Abdallah?)
- Quaestoriana
- Rufiniana
- Ruspae
- Rusticiana
- Sassura (Henchir Es-Zaouadi)
- Scebatiana
- Segermes
- Selendeta
- Septimunicia (ruins of Oglet-El-Metnem? Henchir-El-Bliaa?)
- Severiana
- Sufes
- Sufetula
- Suliana
- Sullectum (Salacia)
- Tabalta (Henchir-Gourghebi?)
- Tagarbala (Bordj-Tamra, Tamera)
- Tagaria
- Tagase
- Talaptula
- Tamalluma (Oasis of Telmin)
- Tamata
- Tamazeni
- Tambeae (in the region of Aïn-Beida and Henchir-Baboucha)
- Tanudaia
- Taparura
- Taraqua (Ksour-El-Khaoua?)
- Tarasa in Byzacena (near Djebel-Trozza?)
- Temuniana (Henchir-Temounia?)
- Tetci
- Thagamuta (in the plain of Guemouda?)
- Thala
- Thapsus
- Thasbalta (in the valley of Segui?)
- Thelepte
- Thenae (Thyna)
- Theuzi
- Thiges (Bordj-Gourbata)
- Thucca Terenbenthina (Henchir Dougga)
- Thysdrus
- Tigias (Henchir-Taus, in the oasis of Kriz)
- Tiguala
- Trofimiana
- Tubulbaca (Teboulba?)
- Turrisblanda
- Turres in Byzacena (ruins of Tamarza? ruins of Msilica?)
- Turris Tamalleni (ruins of Oum-Es-Samâa)
- Tusuros
- Unizibira (Henchir-Zembra?)
- Usula
- Uzita
- Valentiniana
- Vartana (Srâa-Ouartane)
- Vassinassa
- Vegesela in Byzacena (Henchir-Recba)
- Vibiana
- Vicus Aterii (Bir el Ater)
- Victoriana
- Vicus Augusti (ruins of Sidi El Hani, Henchir-Sabra?)
- Vita (ruins of Beni-Derraj?)
- Zella (see) (Zaouila, suburb of Mahdia? ruins of Zellez?)
See also[edit]
- List of Catholic dioceses in Tunisia
- List of Catholic dioceses (structured view)
- List of Catholic titular sees
References[edit]
- ^ Procopius, History of the Wars, §4.12
- ^ Annuario Pontificio 2013 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2013, ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1), "Sedi titolari", pp. 819-1013
- ^ located at Latitude: 36.19392 - Longitude: 10.02064.
Sources and external links[edit]
- GCatholic - Tunisia
- Map of the Roman state according to the Compilation notitia dignitatum
- Place-names in the Compilation notitia dignitatum
- States and territories disestablished in the 7th century
- Byzacena
- Late Roman provinces
- Provinces of the Byzantine Empire
- Roman provinces in Africa
- Africa (Roman province)
- States and territories established in the 3rd century
- 290s establishments
- 690s disestablishments
- 290s establishments in the Roman Empire
- 7th-century disestablishments in the Exarchate of Africa
- Byzantine North Africa