Syndiniales: Difference between revisions

Syndiniales
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
(unranked):	Sar
(unranked):	Alveolata
Phylum:	Dinoflagellata
Class:	Syndiniophyceae
Order:	Syndiniales; Loeblich III, 1976
Family
	Hematodiniidae; Coccidiniaceae; Euduboscquellidae; Syndiniaceae; Amoebophryaceae; Sphaeriparaceae;
Synonyms
	Coccidinales Chatton & Biecheler 1934;

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The Syndiniales are an order of early branching dinoflagellates (also known as Marine Alveolates, "MALVs"), found as parasites of crustaceans, fish, algae, cnidarians, and protists (ciliates, radiolarians, other dinoflagellates).^[1]^[2]^[3] The trophic form is often multinucleate, and ultimately divides to form motile spores, which have two flagella in typical dinoflagellate arrangement. They lack a theca and chloroplasts, and unlike all other orders, the nucleus is never a dinokaryon. A well-studied example is Amoebophrya, which is a parasite of other dinoflagellates and may play a part in ending red tides. Several MALV groups have been assigned to Syndiniales;^[4] recent studies, however, show paraphyly of MALVs suggesting that only those groups that branch as sister to dinokaryotes ('core dinoflagellates') belong to Syndiniales.^[3]

Taxonomy[edit]

Class Syndiniophyceae Loeblich III, 1976 [Syndinea]^[5]^[6]
- Order Syndiniales Loeblich III 1976 [Coccidinales Chatton & Biecheler 1934]
  - Family Hematodiniidae
    - Genus Hematodinium Chatton & Poisson 1930
  - Family Coccidiniaceae [Coccidinidae Chatton & Biecheler 1934]
    - Genus Coccidinium Chatton & Biecheler 1934
  - Family Euduboscquellidae Coats, Bachvaroff & Delwiche 2012
    - Genus Euduboscquella Coats, Bachvaroff & Delwiche 2012
  - Family Syndiniaceae Chatton 1920
    - Genus Trypanodinium Chatton 1912
    - Genus Merodinium Chatton 1923
    - Genus Syndinium Chatton 1910 [Atelodinium Chatton 1920; Synhemidinium Chatton 1952 nom. illeg.; Solenodinium (Chatton 1923) Chatton 1952]
  - Family Amoebophryaceae Cachon 1964 ex Loeblich III 1970 [Amoebophryidae]
    - Genus Amoebophrya Koeppen 1894 [Hyalosaccus Koeppen 1899]
  - Family Sphaeriparaceae Loeblich III 1970
    - Genus Actinodinium Chatton & Hovasse 1937
    - Genus Caryotoma Hollande 1953
    - Genus Atlanticellodinium Cachon & Cachon-Enjumet 1965
    - Genus Sphaeripara Poche 1911 [Lohmannia Neresheimer 1903 non Michael 1898; Lohmanella Neresheimer 1904 non Trouessart 1901; Neresheimeria Übel 1912]

References[edit]

^ van den Hoek C, Mann DG, Jahns HM (1995). Algae: an Introduction to Phycology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 277–280. ISBN 0-521-31687-1.
^ Bråte J, Krabberød AK, Dolven JK, Ose RF, Kristensen T, Bjørklund KR, Shalchian-Tabrizi K (September 2012). "Radiolaria associated with large diversity of marine alveolates". Protist. 163 (5): 767–77. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2012.04.004. PMID 22658831.
^ ^a ^b Strassert JF, Karnkowska A, Hehenberger E, Del Campo J, Kolisko M, Okamoto N, Burki F, Janouškovec J, Poirier C, Leonard G, Hallam SJ, Richards TA, Worden AZ, Santoro AE, Keeling PJ (January 2018). "Single cell genomics of uncultured marine alveolates shows paraphyly of basal dinoflagellates". The ISME Journal. 12 (1): 304–308. doi:10.1038/ismej.2017.167. PMC 5739020. PMID 28994824.
^ Guillou L, Viprey M, Chambouvet A, Welsh RM, Kirkham AR, Massana R, Scanlan DJ, Worden AZ (December 2008). "Widespread occurrence and genetic diversity of marine parasitoids belonging to Syndiniales (Alveolata)". Environmental Microbiology. 10 (12): 3349–65. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01731.x. PMID 18771501.
^ Gómez F, Moreira D, López-García P (July 2010). "Molecular phylogeny of noctilucoid dinoflagellates (Noctilucales, Dinophyceae)". Protist. 161 (3): 466–78. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2009.12.005. PMID 20188628.
^ Gómez F (2012). "A checklist and classification of living dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata, Alveolata)" (PDF). CICIMAR Oceánides. 27 (1): 65–140. doi:10.37543/oceanides.v27i1.111. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-11-27.

This dinoflagellate-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This article related to a parasitic member of the SAR supergroup is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[Hoek1995-1] van den Hoek C, Mann DG, Jahns HM (1995). Algae: an Introduction to Phycology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 277–280. ISBN 0-521-31687-1.

[2] Bråte J, Krabberød AK, Dolven JK, Ose RF, Kristensen T, Bjørklund KR, Shalchian-Tabrizi K (September 2012). "Radiolaria associated with large diversity of marine alveolates". Protist. 163 (5): 767–77. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2012.04.004. PMID 22658831.

[:0-3] Strassert JF, Karnkowska A, Hehenberger E, Del Campo J, Kolisko M, Okamoto N, Burki F, Janouškovec J, Poirier C, Leonard G, Hallam SJ, Richards TA, Worden AZ, Santoro AE, Keeling PJ (January 2018). "Single cell genomics of uncultured marine alveolates shows paraphyly of basal dinoflagellates". The ISME Journal. 12 (1): 304–308. doi:10.1038/ismej.2017.167. PMC 5739020. PMID 28994824.

[4] Guillou L, Viprey M, Chambouvet A, Welsh RM, Kirkham AR, Massana R, Scanlan DJ, Worden AZ (December 2008). "Widespread occurrence and genetic diversity of marine parasitoids belonging to Syndiniales (Alveolata)". Environmental Microbiology. 10 (12): 3349–65. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01731.x. PMID 18771501.

[5] Gómez F, Moreira D, López-García P (July 2010). "Molecular phylogeny of noctilucoid dinoflagellates (Noctilucales, Dinophyceae)". Protist. 161 (3): 466–78. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2009.12.005. PMID 20188628.

[Gómez12-6] Gómez F (2012). "A checklist and classification of living dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata, Alveolata)" (PDF). CICIMAR Oceánides. 27 (1): 65–140. doi:10.37543/oceanides.v27i1.111. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-11-27.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Order of single-celled organisms}}
-{{Refimprove|date=December 2009}}
+{{More citations needed|date=December 2009}}
 {{Taxobox
 | domain = [[Eukaryota]]
@@ Line 7: / Line 8: @@
 | classis = '''Syndiniophyceae'''
 | ordo = '''Syndiniales'''
-| ordo_authority = Loeblich III, 1976</small>
+| ordo_authority = Loeblich III, 1976
 | subdivision_ranks = Family
 | subdivision =
 * [[Hematodiniidae]]
 * [[Coccidiniaceae]]
+* [[Euduboscquellidae]]
-* [[Syndiniaceae]] <small>Chatton 1920</small>
+* [[Syndiniaceae]]
-* [[Amoebophryaceae]] <small>Cachon 1964 ex Loeblich III 1970</small>
+* [[Amoebophryaceae]]
-* [[Sphaeriparaceae]] <small>Loeblich III 1970</small>
+* [[Sphaeriparaceae]]
 | synonyms =
 * Coccidinales <small>Chatton & Biecheler 1934</small>
 }}
-The '''Syndiniales''' are an [[order (biology)|order]] of [[dinoflagellate]]s, found exclusively as [[endosymbiosis|endosymbionts]] of the [[tintinnid]] [[ciliate]]s, [[crustacea]]ns, [[fish]], [[protozoa]], [[algae]], and other dinoflagellates.<ref name="Hoek1995">{{Cite book  | last1 = Hoek | first1 = C. van den | last2 = Mann | first2 = D. G. | last3 = Jahns | first3 = Hans Martin | title = Algae: an Introduction to Phycology | year = 1995 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = Cambridge  | isbn = 0-521-31687-1 | pages =  277–280}}</ref>  The [[trophozoite|trophic form]] is often [[multinucleate]], and ultimately divides to form motile [[spore]]s, which have two [[flagellum|flagella]] in typical dinoflagellate arrangement. They lack a [[theca]] and [[chloroplast]]s, and unlike all other orders, the [[cell nucleus|nucleus]] is never a [[dinokaryon]].  A well-studied example is ''[[Amoebophrya]]'', which is a [[parasite]] of other dinoflagellates and may play a part in ending [[algal bloom|red tides]].
+The '''Syndiniales''' are an [[order (biology)|order]] of early branching [[dinoflagellate]]s (also known as Marine [[Alveolate]]s, "MALVs"), found as [[Parasitism|parasites]] of [[crustacea]]ns, [[fish]], [[algae]], [[cnidaria]]ns, and [[protist]]s ([[ciliate]]s, [[radiolaria]]ns, other dinoflagellates).<ref name="Hoek1995">{{Cite book  | last1 = van den Hoek | first1 = C.  | last2 = Mann | first2 = D. G. | last3 = Jahns | first3 = Hans Martin | name-list-style = vanc | title = Algae: an Introduction to Phycology | year = 1995 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = Cambridge  | isbn = 0-521-31687-1 | pages =  277–280}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bråte J, Krabberød AK, Dolven JK, Ose RF, Kristensen T, Bjørklund KR, Shalchian-Tabrizi K | title = Radiolaria associated with large diversity of marine alveolates | journal = Protist | volume = 163 | issue = 5 | pages = 767–77 | date = September 2012 | pmid = 22658831 | doi = 10.1016/j.protis.2012.04.004 }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite journal | vauthors = Strassert JF, Karnkowska A, Hehenberger E, Del Campo J, Kolisko M, Okamoto N, Burki F, Janouškovec J, Poirier C, Leonard G, Hallam SJ, Richards TA, Worden AZ, Santoro AE, Keeling PJ | title = Single cell genomics of uncultured marine alveolates shows paraphyly of basal dinoflagellates | journal = The ISME Journal | volume = 12 | issue = 1 | pages = 304–308 | date = January 2018 | pmid = 28994824 | pmc = 5739020 | doi = 10.1038/ismej.2017.167 }}</ref>  The [[trophozoite|trophic form]] is often [[multinucleate]], and ultimately divides to form motile [[spore]]s, which have two [[flagellum|flagella]] in typical dinoflagellate arrangement. They lack a [[theca]] and [[chloroplast]]s, and unlike all other orders, the [[cell nucleus|nucleus]] is never a [[dinokaryon]]. A well-studied example is ''[[Amoebophrya]]'', which is a [[parasite]] of other dinoflagellates and may play a part in ending [[algal bloom|red tides]]. Several MALV groups have been assigned to Syndiniales;<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Guillou L, Viprey M, Chambouvet A, Welsh RM, Kirkham AR, Massana R, Scanlan DJ, Worden AZ | title = Widespread occurrence and genetic diversity of marine parasitoids belonging to Syndiniales (Alveolata) | journal = Environmental Microbiology | volume = 10 | issue = 12 | pages = 3349–65 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 18771501 | doi = 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01731.x | doi-access =  }}</ref> recent studies, however, show [[paraphyly]] of MALVs suggesting that only those groups that branch as sister to dinokaryotes ('core dinoflagellates') belong to Syndiniales.<ref name=":0" />
 ==Taxonomy==
-* [[class (biology)|Class]] '''Syndiniophyceae''' <small>Loeblich III, 1976</small> ['''Syndinea''']<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Gómez | first1 = F. | last2 = Moreira | first2 = D. | last3 = López-García | first3 = P. N. | title = Molecular Phylogeny of Noctilucoid Dinoflagellates (Noctilucales, Dinophyceae) | doi = 10.1016/j.protis.2009.12.005 | journal = Protist | volume = 161 | issue = 3 | pages = 466–478 | year = 2010 | pmid = 20188628}}</ref><ref name="Gómez12">{{cite journal |author=Gómez F |title=A checklist and classification of living dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata, Alveolata) |journal=CICIMAR Océanides |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=65–140 |year=2012 |format=PDF |url=http://www.cicimar.ipn.mx/oacis/Medios/oceanides/P%20065%20Fernando%20Gomez.pdf}}</ref>
+* [[class (biology)|Class]] '''Syndiniophyceae''' <small>Loeblich III, 1976</small> ['''Syndinea''']<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gómez F, Moreira D, López-García P | title = Molecular phylogeny of noctilucoid dinoflagellates (Noctilucales, Dinophyceae) | journal = Protist | volume = 161 | issue = 3 | pages = 466–78 | date = July 2010 | pmid = 20188628 | doi = 10.1016/j.protis.2009.12.005 }}</ref><ref name="Gómez12">{{cite journal |author=Gómez F |title=A checklist and classification of living dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata, Alveolata) |journal=CICIMAR Oceánides |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=65–140 |year=2012 |doi=10.37543/oceanides.v27i1.111 |url=http://www.cicimar.ipn.mx/oacis/Medios/oceanides/P%20065%20Fernando%20Gomez.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131127104918/http://www.cicimar.ipn.mx/oacis/Medios/oceanides/P%20065%20Fernando%20Gomez.pdf |archive-date=2013-11-27 }}</ref>
 ** Order '''Syndiniales''' Loeblich III 1976 [Coccidinales <small>Chatton & Biecheler 1934</small>]
 *** Family [[Hematodiniidae]]
@@ Line 27: / Line 30: @@
 *** Family [[Coccidiniaceae]] [Coccidinidae <small>Chatton & Biecheler 1934</small>]
 **** Genus ''[[Coccidinium]]'' <small>Chatton & Biecheler 1934</small>
+*** Family [[Euduboscquellidae]] <small>Coats, Bachvaroff & Delwiche 2012</small>
+**** Genus ''[[Euduboscquella]]'' <small>Coats, Bachvaroff & Delwiche 2012</small>
 *** Family [[Syndiniaceae]] <small>Chatton 1920</small>
+**** Genus ''[[Trypanodinium]]'' <small>Chatton 1912</small>
 **** Genus ''[[Merodinium]]'' <small>Chatton 1923</small>
-**** Genus ''[[Syndinium]]'' <small>Chatton 1910</small> [''[[Atelodinium]]'' <small>Chatton 1920</small>; ''[[Synhemidinium]]'' <small>Chatton 1952 nom. illeg.</small>]
+**** Genus ''[[Syndinium]]'' <small>Chatton 1910</small> [''[[Atelodinium]]'' <small>Chatton 1920</small>; ''[[Synhemidinium]]'' <small>Chatton 1952 nom. illeg.</small>; ''[[Solenodinium]]'' <small>(Chatton 1923) Chatton 1952</small>]
 *** Family [[Amoebophryaceae]] <small>Cachon 1964 ex Loeblich III 1970</small> [Amoebophryidae]
 **** Genus ''[[Amoebophrya]]'' <small>Koeppen 1894</small> [''[[Hyalosaccus]]'' <small>Koeppen 1899</small>]
@@ Line 43: / Line 49: @@
 == References ==
 {{Reflist}}
-* {{cite web |title=''Syndiniales'' |work=NCBI Taxonomy Browser |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=88547&lvl=2 |id=88547}}
 {{Alveolata}}
+{{Taxonbar|from=Q3781035}}
 [[Category:Syndiniophyceae]]
 [[Category:Parasitic alveolates]]
-[[Category:Alveolata orders]]
+[[Category:Dinoflagellate orders]]
 {{dinoflagellate-stub}}
-{{Parasite-stub}}
+{{Parasitic SAR-stub}}

Latest revision as of 17:07, 2 December 2023

Taxonomy[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]