Fundulus: Difference between revisions

Fundulus
	Northern studfish (F. catenatus)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Cyprinodontiformes
Family:	Fundulidae
Genus:	Fundulus; Lacépède, 1803
Type species
	Fundulus mudfish; Lacépède, 1803
Species
	See text

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Fundulus is a genus of ray-finned fishes in the superfamily Funduloidea, family Fundulidae (of which it is the type genus). It belongs to the order of toothcarps (Cyprinodontiformes), and therein the large suborder Cyprinodontoidei. Most of its closest living relatives are egg-laying, with the notable exception of the splitfin livebearers (Goodeidae).

They are usually smallish; most species reaching a length of at most 4 in (10 cm) when fully grown. However, a few larger species exist, with the giant killifish (F. grandissimus) and the northern studfish (F. catenatus) growing to twice the genus' average size.

Many of the 40-odd species are commonly known by the highly ambiguous name "killifish" (the general term for egg-laying toothcarps), or the somewhat less ambiguous "topminnow" (a catch-all term for Fundulidae). "Studfish" is a quite unequivocal vernacular name applied to some other Fundulus species; it is not usually used to refer to the genus as a whole.

Fundulus have evolved to occupy a wide range of aquatic ecosystems, including marine, estuarine, and freshwater, making it a good comparative model system for studying evolutionary divergence between marine and freshwater environments.^[2] To assist with this research, Oxford Nanopore long-read reference genomes have been sequenced for F. xenicus, F. catenatus, F. nottii, and F. olivaceus^[3].

Species[edit]

There are currently 39 recognized species in this genus:^[4]

Fundulus albolineatus C. H. Gilbert, 1891 (Whiteline topminnow (extinct))
Fundulus bermudae Günther, 1874 (Bermuda killifish)
Fundulus bifax Cashner & Rogers, 1988 (Stippled studfish)
Fundulus blairae Wiley & D. D. Hall, 1975 (Western starhead topminnow)
Fundulus catenatus (D. H. Storer, 1846) (Northern studfish)
Fundulus chrysotus (Günther, 1866) (Golden topminnow)
Fundulus cingulatus Valenciennes, 1846 (Banded topminnow)
Fundulus confluentus Goode & T. H. Bean, 1879 (Marsh killifish)
Fundulus diaphanus (Lesueur, 1817)
- Fundulus diaphanus diaphanus (Lesueur, 1817) (Banded killifish)
- Fundulus diaphanus menona D. S. Jordan & Copeland, 1877
Fundulus dispar (Agassiz, 1854) (Starhead topminnow)
Fundulus escambiae (Bollman, 1887) (Russetfin topminnow)
Fundulus euryzonus Suttkus & Cashner, 1981 (Broadstripe topminnow)
Fundulus grandis S. F. Baird & Girard, 1853 (Gulf killifish)
Fundulus grandissimus C. L. Hubbs, 1936 (Giant killifish)
Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus, 1766)
- Fundulus heteroclitus heteroclitus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Mummichog)
- Fundulus heteroclitus macrolepidotus (Walbaum, 1792)
Fundulus jenkinsi (Evermann, 1892) (Saltmarsh topminnow)
Fundulus julisia J. D. Williams & Etnier, 1982 (Barrens topminnow)
Fundulus kansae Garman, 1895 (Northern plains killifish)
Fundulus lima Vaillant, 1894
Fundulus lineolatus (Agassiz, 1854) (Lined topminnow)
Fundulus luciae (S. F. Baird, 1855) (Spotfin killifish)
Fundulus majalis (Walbaum, 1792) (Striped killifish, Striped mummichog)
Fundulus notatus (Rafinesque, 1820) (Blackstripe topminnow)
Fundulus nottii (Agassiz, 1854) (Bayou topminnow)
Fundulus olivaceus (D. H. Storer, 1845) (Blackspotted topminnow)
Fundulus parvipinnis Girard, 1854 (California killifish)
Fundulus persimilis R. R. Miller, 1955 (Yucatán killifish)
Fundulus philpisteri García-Ramírez, Contreras-Balderas & Lozano-Vilano, 2007
Fundulus pulvereus (Evermann, 1892) (Bayou killifish)
Fundulus rathbuni D. S. Jordan & Meek, 1889 (Speckled killifish)
Fundulus relictus Able & Felley, 1988 (Lover's Lake killifish)
Fundulus rubrifrons (D. S. Jordan, 1880) (Redface topminnow)
Fundulus saguanus Rivas, 1948
Fundulus sciadicus Cope, 1865 (Plains topminnow)
Fundulus seminolis Girard, 1859 (Seminole killifish)
Fundulus similis (S. F. Baird & Girard, 1853) (Longnose killifish)
Fundulus stellifer (D. S. Jordan, 1877) (Southern studfish)
Fundulus waccamensis C. L. Hubbs & Raney, 1946 (Waccamaw killifish)
Fundulus xenicus Jordan & Gilbert, 1882 (Diamond killifish)
Fundulus zebrinus D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1883 (Plains killifish)

The Cuban killifish (Cubanichthys cubensis, a pupfish) was formerly placed in Fundulus.

References[edit]

^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Fundulus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 23 September 2019.
^ Burnett, Karen G.; Bain, Lisa J.; Baldwin, William S.; Callard, Gloria V.; Cohen, Sarah; Di Giulio, Richard T.; Evans, David H.; Gómez-Chiarri, Marta; Hahn, Mark E.; Hoover, Cindi A.; Karchner, Sibel I. (2007-12-01). "Fundulus as the premier teleost model in environmental biology: Opportunities for new insights using genomics". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics. 2 (4): 257–286. doi:10.1016/j.cbd.2007.09.001. ISSN 1744-117X. PMC 2128618. PMID 18071578.
^ Johnson, Lisa K.; Sahasrabudhe, Ruta; Gill, James Anthony; Roach, Jennifer L.; Froenicke, Lutz; Brown, C. Titus; Whitehead, Andrew (2020-06-01). "Draft genome assemblies using sequencing reads from Oxford Nanopore Technology and Illumina platforms for four species of North American Fundulus killifish". GigaScience. 9 (6). doi:10.1093/gigascience/giaa067. PMC 7301629. PMID 32556169.
^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2012). Species of Fundulus in FishBase. August 2012 version.

[CofF-1] Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Fundulus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 23 September 2019.

[2] Burnett, Karen G.; Bain, Lisa J.; Baldwin, William S.; Callard, Gloria V.; Cohen, Sarah; Di Giulio, Richard T.; Evans, David H.; Gómez-Chiarri, Marta; Hahn, Mark E.; Hoover, Cindi A.; Karchner, Sibel I. (2007-12-01). "Fundulus as the premier teleost model in environmental biology: Opportunities for new insights using genomics". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics. 2 (4): 257–286. doi:10.1016/j.cbd.2007.09.001. ISSN 1744-117X. PMC 2128618. PMID 18071578.

[3] Johnson, Lisa K.; Sahasrabudhe, Ruta; Gill, James Anthony; Roach, Jennifer L.; Froenicke, Lutz; Brown, C. Titus; Whitehead, Andrew (2020-06-01). "Draft genome assemblies using sequencing reads from Oxford Nanopore Technology and Illumina platforms for four species of North American Fundulus killifish". GigaScience. 9 (6). doi:10.1093/gigascience/giaa067. PMC 7301629. PMID 32556169.

[4] Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2012). Species of Fundulus in FishBase. August 2012 version.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Genus of fishes}}
-{{italic title}}{{Taxobox
+{{Italic title}}
+{{Automatic taxobox
 | name = ''Fundulus''
 | image = Fundulus catenatus.jpg
-| image_width = 250px
 | image_caption = Northern studfish (''F. catenatus'')
-| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
+| taxon = Fundulus
+| authority = [[Bernard Germain de Lacépède|Lacépède]], 1803
-| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
+| type_species = ''[[Fundulus heteroclitus|Fundulus mudfish]]''
-| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
+| type_species_authority = Lacépède, 1803<ref name = CofF>{{Cof record|genid=535|title=''Fundulus''|access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref>
-| ordo = [[Cyprinodontiformes]]
-| subordo = [[Cyprinodontoidei]]
-| superfamilia = [[Funduloidea]]
-| familia = [[Fundulidae]]
-| genus = '''''Fundulus'''''
-| genus_authority = [[Bernard Germain de Lacépède|Lacépède]], 1803
 | subdivision_ranks = Species
 | subdivision = See text
@@ Line 21: / Line 17: @@
 They are usually smallish; most species reaching a length of at most 4 in (10&nbsp;cm) when fully grown. However, a few larger species exist, with the giant killifish (''[[Fundulus grandissimus|F. grandissimus]]'') and the northern studfish (''[[Fundulus catenatus|F. catenatus]]'') growing to twice the genus' average size.
-Many of the 40-odd species are commonly known by the highly ambiguous name "[[killifish]]" (the general term for egg-laying toothcarps), or the somewhat less ambiguous "[[topminnow]]" (a catch-all term for Fundulidae). "Studfish" is a quite unequivocal vernacular name applied to some other ''Fundulus'' species; it is not usually used to refer to the genus as a whole, however.
+Many of the 40-odd species are commonly known by the highly ambiguous name "[[killifish]]" (the general term for egg-laying toothcarps), or the somewhat less ambiguous "[[topminnow]]" (a catch-all term for Fundulidae). "Studfish" is a quite unequivocal vernacular name applied to some other ''Fundulus'' species; it is not usually used to refer to the genus as a whole.
+''Fundulus'' have evolved to occupy a wide range of [[aquatic ecosystem]]s, including marine, estuarine, and freshwater, making it a good comparative model system for studying evolutionary divergence between marine and freshwater environments.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Burnett|first=Karen G.|last2=Bain|first2=Lisa J.|last3=Baldwin|first3=William S.|last4=Callard|first4=Gloria V.|last5=Cohen|first5=Sarah|last6=Di Giulio|first6=Richard T.|last7=Evans|first7=David H.|last8=Gómez-Chiarri|first8=Marta|last9=Hahn|first9=Mark E.|last10=Hoover|first10=Cindi A.|last11=Karchner|first11=Sibel I.|date=2007-12-01|title=Fundulus as the premier teleost model in environmental biology: Opportunities for new insights using genomics|url= |journal=Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics|language=en|volume=2|issue=4|pages=257–286|doi=10.1016/j.cbd.2007.09.001|issn=1744-117X|pmc=2128618|pmid=18071578}}</ref> To assist with this research, [[Oxford Nanopore Technologies|Oxford Nanopore]] long-read reference genomes have been sequenced for ''F. xenicus, [[Northern studfish|F. catenatus]], [[Fundulus nottii|F. nottii]]'', and ''[[Fundulus olivaceus|F. olivaceus]]''<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Johnson|first=Lisa K.|last2=Sahasrabudhe|first2=Ruta|last3=Gill|first3=James Anthony|last4=Roach|first4=Jennifer L.|last5=Froenicke|first5=Lutz|last6=Brown|first6=C. Titus|last7=Whitehead|first7=Andrew|date=2020-06-01|title=Draft genome assemblies using sequencing reads from Oxford Nanopore Technology and Illumina platforms for four species of North American Fundulus killifish|url= |journal=GigaScience|language=en|volume=9|issue=6|doi=10.1093/gigascience/giaa067|pmc=7301629|pmid=32556169}}</ref>''.''
 == Species ==
 [[File:Fundulus escambiae 2.jpg|thumb|right|Russetfin Topminnow (''F. escambiae'')]]
 There are currently 39 recognized species in this genus:<ref>{{FishBase genus | genus = Fundulus| month = August | year = 2012}}</ref>
+{{div col|colwidth=35em}}
-<div float="left">
+* ''[[Fundulus albolineatus]]'' <small>[[Charles Henry Gilbert|C. H. Gilbert]], 1891</small> ([[Whiteline topminnow]] ([[extinct]]))
-{{col-begin|width=70%}}
-{{col-1-of-2}}
-* ''[[Fundulus albolineatus]]'' <small>[[Charles Henry Gilbert|C. H. Gilbert]], 1891</small> (Whiteline topminnow ([[extinct]]))
 * ''[[Fundulus bermudae]]'' <small>[[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1874</small> (Bermuda killifish)
 * ''[[Fundulus bifax]]'' <small>[[Robert Cashner|Cashner]] & [[James S. Rogers|Rogers]], 1988</small> (Stippled studfish)
 * ''[[Fundulus blairae]]'' <small>[[Edward O. Wiley|Wiley]] & [[Darrell D. Hall|D. D. Hall]], 1975</small> (Western starhead topminnow)
 * ''[[Fundulus catenatus]]'' <small>([[David Humphreys Storer|D. H. Storer]], 1846)</small> (Northern studfish)
-* ''[[Fundulus chrysotus]]'' <small>([[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866)</small> (Golden topminnow)
+* ''[[Fundulus chrysotus]]'' <small>([[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866)</small> ([[Golden topminnow]])
-* ''[[Fundulus cingulatus]]'' <small>[[Achille Valenciennes|Valenciennes]], 1846</small> (Banded topminnow)
+* ''[[Banded topminnow|Fundulus cingulatus]]'' <small>[[Achille Valenciennes|Valenciennes]], 1846</small> (Banded topminnow)
 * ''[[Fundulus confluentus]]'' <small>[[George Brown Goode|Goode]] & [[Tarleton Hoffman Bean|T. H. Bean]], 1879</small> (Marsh killifish)
 * ''[[Fundulus diaphanus]]'' <small>(Lesueur, 1817)</small>
-** ''[[Fundulus diaphanus diaphanus]]'' <small>([[Charles Alexandre Lesueur|Lesueur]], 1817)</small> (Banded killifish)
+** ''Fundulus diaphanus diaphanus'' <small>([[Charles Alexandre Lesueur|Lesueur]], 1817)</small> (Banded killifish)
-** ''[[Fundulus diaphanus menona]]'' <small>[[David Starr Jordan|D. S. Jordan]] & [[Herbert Edson Copeland|Copeland]], 1877</small>
+** ''Fundulus diaphanus menona'' <small>[[David Starr Jordan|D. S. Jordan]] & [[Herbert Edson Copeland|Copeland]], 1877</small>
 * ''[[Fundulus dispar]]'' <small>([[Louis Agassiz|Agassiz]], 1854)</small> (Starhead topminnow)
 * ''[[Fundulus escambiae]]'' <small>([[Charles Harvey Bollman|Bollman]], 1887)</small> (Russetfin topminnow)
@@ Line 46: / Line 42: @@
 * ''[[Fundulus grandissimus]]'' <small>[[Carl Leavitt Hubbs|C. L. Hubbs]], 1936</small> (Giant killifish)
 * ''[[Fundulus heteroclitus]]'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1766)</small>
-** ''[[Fundulus heteroclitus heteroclitus]]'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1766)</small> (Mummichog)
+** ''Fundulus heteroclitus heteroclitus'' <small>([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1766)</small> (Mummichog)
-** ''[[Fundulus heteroclitus macrolepidotus]]'' <small>([[Johann Julius Walbaum|Walbaum]], 1792)</small>
+** ''Fundulus heteroclitus macrolepidotus'' <small>([[Johann Julius Walbaum|Walbaum]], 1792)</small>
 * ''[[Fundulus jenkinsi]]'' <small>([[Barton Warren Evermann|Evermann]], 1892)</small> (Saltmarsh topminnow)
 * ''[[Fundulus julisia]]'' <small>[[James David Williams|J. D. Williams]] & [[David A. Etnier|Etnier]], 1982</small> (Barrens topminnow)
-{{col-2-of-2}}
 * ''[[Fundulus kansae]]'' <small>[[Samuel Garman|Garman]], 1895</small> (Northern plains killifish)
 * ''[[Fundulus lima]]'' <small>[[Leon Louis Vaillant|Vaillant]], 1894</small>
@@ Line 56: / Line 51: @@
 * ''[[Fundulus luciae]]'' <small>([[Spencer Fullerton Baird|S. F. Baird]], 1855)</small> (Spotfin killifish)
 * ''[[Fundulus majalis]]'' <small>([[Johann Julius Walbaum|Walbaum]], 1792)</small> (Striped killifish, Striped mummichog)
-* ''[[Fundulus notatus]]'' <small>([[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque|Rafinesque]], 1820)</small> (Blackstripe topminnow)
+* ''[[Fundulus notatus]]'' <small>([[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque|Rafinesque]], 1820)</small> ([[Blackstripe topminnow]])
 * ''[[Fundulus nottii]]'' <small>([[Louis Agassiz|Agassiz]], 1854)</small> (Bayou topminnow)
 * ''[[Fundulus olivaceus]]'' <small>([[David Humphreys Storer|D. H. Storer]], 1845)</small> (Blackspotted topminnow)
 * ''[[Fundulus parvipinnis]]'' <small>[[Charles Frédéric Girard|Girard]], 1854</small> (California killifish)
-* ''[[Fundulus persimilis]]'' <small>[[Robert Rush Miller|R. R. Miller]], 1955</small> (Yucatan killifish)
+* ''[[Fundulus persimilis]]'' <small>[[Robert Rush Miller|R. R. Miller]], 1955</small> (Yucatán killifish)
 * ''[[Fundulus philpisteri]]'' <small>[[María Elena García-Ramírez|García-Ramírez]], [[Salvador Contreras-Balderas|Contreras-Balderas]] & [[María de Lourdes Lozano-Vilano|Lozano-Vilano]], 2007</small>
 * ''[[Fundulus pulvereus]]'' <small>([[Barton Warren Evermann|Evermann]], 1892)</small> (Bayou killifish)
@@ Line 72: / Line 67: @@
 * ''[[Fundulus stellifer]]'' <small>([[David Starr Jordan|D. S. Jordan]], 1877)</small> (Southern studfish)
 * ''[[Fundulus waccamensis]]'' <small>[[Carl Leavitt Hubbs|C. L. Hubbs]] & [[Edward Cowden Raney|Raney]], 1946</small> (Waccamaw killifish)
+* ''[[Fundulus xenicus]]'' <small>Jordan & Gilbert, 1882</small> (Diamond killifish)
 * ''[[Fundulus zebrinus]]'' <small>[[David Starr Jordan|D. S. Jordan]] & [[Charles Henry Gilbert|C. H. Gilbert]], 1883</small> (Plains killifish)
-{{col-end}}
+{{div col end}}
-</div>
-Formerly placed in ''Fundulus'' were the closely related diamond killifish (''[[Adinia xenica]]'') and the somewhat more distantly related Cuban killifish (''[[Cubanichthys cubensis]]'', a [[pupfish]]).
+The Cuban killifish (''[[Cubanichthys cubensis]]'', a [[pupfish]]) was formerly placed in ''Fundulus''.
 ==References==
+{{Commons category}}
-{{Reflist|30em}}
+{{Reflist}}
-{{commons category|position=left}}
+{{Taxonbar|from=Q2359231}}
+{{Authority control}}
 [[Category:Fundulus| ]]