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Coordinates: 35°24′2″N 120°36′44″W / 35.40056°N 120.61222°W / 35.40056; -120.61222
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{{Short description|18th-century Spanish asistencia in California}}
{{Infobox Missions|
{{Infobox Missions|
image=Santa Margarita Asistencia 1881 painting.jpg|
image=Santa Margarita Asistencia 1881 painting.jpg|
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translation=Sub-Mission to the Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa|
translation=Sub-Mission to the Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa|
namesake=[[Margaret of Cortona|Saint Margaret of Lavinio and Cortona, Italy]]&nbsp;<ref name="SMHS">Santa Margarita Historical Society</ref>|
namesake=[[Margaret of Cortona|Saint Margaret of Lavinio and Cortona, Italy]]&nbsp;<ref name="SMHS">Santa Margarita Historical Society</ref>|
nickname="San Luis Obispo County's Third Mission"|
nickname="San Luis Obispo County's Third Mission"{{citation needed|date=February 2015}}|
founded=[[1787]]&nbsp;<ref name="ruscin59">Ruscin, p. 59</ref>|
founded=1787&nbsp;<ref name="ruscin59">Ruscin, p. 59</ref>|
foundedby=|
foundedby=|
foundingorder=|
foundingorder=|
Line 15: Line 16:
placename=''Trolole''&nbsp;<ref>Ruscin, p. 195</ref>|
placename=''Trolole''&nbsp;<ref>Ruscin, p. 195</ref>|
owner=Private entity|
owner=Private entity|
currentuse=Unknown|
currentuse=Unknown
Coor dms={{coord|35|24|2|N|120|36|44|W|}}|
| coordinates = {{coord|35|24|2|N|120|36|44|W|type:landmark_region:UA-CA|display=inline,title}}
| locmapin=California
NHL=|
| designation1=California
CHL=#364|
| designation1_number=#364
}}
}}
[[File:Ruins of the walls of Mission Santa Margarita, California, ca.1906 (CHS-4065).jpg|thumb|Ruins of Mission Santa Margarita, {{Circa|1906}}]]

The '''Santa Margarita de Cortona Asistencia''' <ref name="ruscin59">Ruscin, p. 59</ref> was established in 1787 as an ''asistencia'' ("sub-mission") to [[Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa]] to minister to the large number of [[Salinan (tribe)|Salinan]] (Obispeño) [[Native Americans in the United States|Indians]] who inhabited the area. Named for an [[Italy|Italian]] saint, the settlement was located on the other side of [[Cuesta Grade]] (north of [[San Luis Obispo, California|San Luis Obispo]]) on a site selected by Father Presidente [[Junípero Serra]] in 1772. The facility also served as an outpost, chapel, and storehouse. Additionally, the Mission padres and Indians conducted extensive grain [[cultivation]]. The [[chapel]] building measured some 120 by 20 feet and eight auxiliary rooms for the use of the [[majordomo]] and his servants, and as quarters for visiting priests. One chamber functioned as a granary for storing mission crops.
The '''Santa Margarita de Cortona Asistencia'''<ref name="ruscin59">Ruscin, p. 59</ref> was established in 1787 as an [[Asistencias|asistencia]] ("sub-mission") to [[Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa]], then in the Spanish [[The Californias|Las Californias Province]]. Its site is near the present-day city of [[Santa Margarita, California|Santa Margarita]], in [[San Luis Obispo County, California|San Luis Obispo County]], central California.


==History==
==History==
The ''asistencia'' compound was located north of the mission and of Cuesta Grade, in the [[Santa Lucia Range|Santa Lucia Mountains]], on a site Padre [[Junípero Serra]] had previously chosen in 1772. It was named for [[Saint Margaret of Cortona]], an Italian [[Catholic Saints|saint]]. It was established for [[Indian Reductions]] of the large number of [[Salinan]] (Obispeño) [[Indigenous peoples of California|Californian Indians]], whose southern homeland included the area. The compound also served as an outpost, chapel, and storehouse.
⚫
On [[November 20]], [[1818]] [[France|French]] [[privateer]] [[Hippolyte de Bouchard|Hipólito Bouchard]] raided the [[Presidio of Monterey]] in [[Monterey, California]] and threatened the nearby [[Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo]]; many residents sought refuge at this site. The Santa Margarita Asistencia was secularized along with Mission San Luis Obispo in 1835, and suffered the same neglect that many mission properties did after that time. In 1841 the lands, encompassing over 17,000 acres (69 km²), were granted to Joaquin Estrada. After the [[United States|American]] takeover at [[Monterey, California|Monterey]] in 1841, General [[Pío Pico]] and General [[José Castro]] met at the rancho to discuss strategy. During the 1846 [[Bear Flag Revolt]], the forces of Captain [[John C. Frémont]] captured an Indian bearing a message from Jose Jesus Pico (the San Luis Obispo [[Justice of the Peace]]) at the rancho and ordered his execution. In December of that year Frémont also arrested Estrada and others at the rancho, releasing them only after securing their pledges of service to Frémont.


The [[adobe]] and stone chapel building measured {{convert|120|by|20|ft|m|0}}, with a [[chapel]] and eight auxiliary rooms for the use of the [[majordomo]], his servants, and as quarters for visiting priests. One chamber functioned as a [[granary]] for storing mission crops. The [[Mission Indians]] were engaged in extensive grain [[Plant cultivation|cultivation]] in the fields around it.
The [[Public Land Commission]] issued a patent for the rancho in April, 1861 to Martin and Mary Murphy of [[San Jose, California|San Jose]]. That property (and others) ultimately passed along to their son [[Patrick Murphy]], who served in the [[California Assembly]] and the [[California State Senate]] for three terms. Eventually Patrick Murphy amassed holdings of over 70,000 acres (283 km²) statewide.General P. W. Murphy acquired the property in the 1860s and erected a barn over the Asistencia to shield it from the elements. In February, 1889 the town of [[Santa Margarita]] was incorporated. The former rancho lands today are under the ownership of four families. Several of the original [[Rock (geology)|stone]] walls remain standing, having been incorporated into a ranch [[Barn (building)|barn]]. The fact that the Asistencia is situated on private land makes public viewing, photography, and study problematic at best.


When the [[French people|French]] [[privateer]] [[Hippolyte de Bouchard|Hipólito Bouchard]] raided coastal colonial [[Alta California]] settlements in November 1818, many local residents sought refuge at this inland site.
⚫
==Notes==
{{reflist}}


==References==
===Rancho period===
⚫
The Santa Margarita Asistencia was [[Mexican secularization act of 1833|secularized]] along with Mission San Luis Obispo in 1835, and suffered the same neglect that many mission properties did after that time. In 1841, the [[Ranchos of California|Mexican land grant]] for [[Rancho Santa Margarita]] was issued to Joaquín Estrada. After the two-day American [[capture of Monterey]] in 1842, General [[Pío Pico]] and General [[José Castro]] met at the rancho to discuss strategy. During the 1846 [[Bear Flag Revolt]], the forces of Captain [[John C. Frémont]] captured an Indian bearing a message at the rancho, from Jose Jesus Pico, the Mexican Pueblo of San Luis Obispo [[Justice of the Peace]], and ordered his execution. In December of that year Frémont also arrested Estrada and others at the rancho, releasing them only after securing their pledges of service to Frémont.
⚫
* {{cite book|author=Jones, Terry L. and Kathryn A. Klar (eds.)|year=2007|title=California Prehistory: Colonization, Culture, and Complexity|publisher=Altimira Press, Landham, MD|isbn=0-759-10872-2}}

⚫
* {{cite book|author=Paddison, Joshua (ed.)|year=1999|title=A World Transformed: Firsthand Accounts of California Before the Gold Rush|publisher=Heyday Books, Berkeley, CA|isbn=1-890771-13-9}}
Estrada sold Rancho Santa Margarita in 1861 to Mary and Martin Murphy Jr., who had come to [[Alta California]] with the [[Stephens-Townsend-Murphy Party]] in 1844. The Murphys turned over running of the rancho, along with the adjacent [[Rancho Atascadero]] and [[Rancho Asuncion]] they also owned, to their son Patrick W. Murphy. He later served in the [[California Assembly]] and the [[California State Senate]], and was a General in the [[California National Guard]]. Murphy erected a barn over the adobe and stone Santa Margarita de Cortona Asistencia to shield it from the elements.
⚫
* {{cite book|author=Ruscin, Terry|year=1999|title=Mission Memoirs|publisher=Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, CA|isbn=0-932653-30-8}}

⚫
* {{cite web|title=Mission Days: The Mission Rancho (1775-1841)|work=Santa Margarita Historical Society|url=http://www.santamargaritahistoricalsociety.org/pages/mission.html|accessdate=July 7|accessyear=2007}}
In February 1889, the town of [[Santa Margarita, California|Santa Margarita]] was incorporated.

===Present day===
The Santa Margarita de Cortona Asistencia site is a [[California Historical Landmark]]. Several of the original [[Rock (geology)|stone]] walls remain standing, having been incorporated into a ranch [[Barn (building)|barn]]. The site is on the private property of the Santa Margarita Ranch. Tours are occasionally offered, and the site may also be visited during some public Ranch events.<ref>[http://www.historicsantamargaritaranch.com/ranch-history/ Ranch history] at Santa Margarita Ranch</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
* [[List of Spanish missions in California]]
{{commons|Category: MissSanta Margarita de Cortona Asistencia|Santa Margarita de Cortona Asistencia}}
* [[California Historical Landmarks in San Luis Obispo County, California]]
* [[Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa]]
* [[Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa]]

⚫
==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

===References===
⚫
* {{cite book |year=2007 |title=California Prehistory: Colonization, Culture, and Complexity |publisher=Altimira Press, Landham, MD |isbn=978-0-7591-0872-1 |editor-last=Jones |editor-first=Terry L. |editor-last2=Klar |editor-first2=Kathryn A.}}
⚫
* {{cite book |editor=Paddison, Joshua |year=1999 |title=A World Transformed: Firsthand Accounts of California Before the Gold Rush |publisher=[[Heyday Books]], Berkeley, CA |isbn=1-890771-13-9 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/worldtransformed00josh}}
⚫
* {{cite book|author=Ruscin, Terry|year=1999|title=Mission Memoirs|publisher=Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, CA|isbn=0-932653-30-8}}
⚫
* {{cite web|title=Mission Days: The Mission Rancho (1775-1841)|work=Santa Margarita Historical Society|url=http://www.santamargaritahistoricalsociety.org/pages/mission.html|accessdate=July 7, 2007}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://missiontour.org/sanluisobispo/santamargarita.htm Santa Margarita de Cortona]
* [http://missiontour.org/sanluisobispo/santamargarita.htm Missiontour.org: Santa Margarita de Cortona Asistencia]
* [http://www.santamargaritahistoricalsociety.org/pages/mission.html Santa Margarita Historical Society]
* [http://www.santamargaritahistoricalsociety.org/pages/mission.html Santa Margarita Historical Society]


{{Alta California Missions}}
{{Alta California Missions}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Santa Margarita De Cortona Asistencia}}
⚫
[[Category:1787 establishments]]
[[Category:Spanish missions in California]]
⚫
[[Category:1787 in Alta California]]
[[Category:Churches in San Luis Obispo County, California]]
[[Category:California Historical Landmarks]]
[[Category:California Historical Landmarks]]
[[Category:California missions]]
[[Category:1787 establishments in Alta California]]
[[Category:Religious organizations established in 1787]]
[[Category:History of San Luis Obispo County, California]]
[[Category:Santa Lucia Range]]

Latest revision as of 16:01, 24 February 2024

Santa Margarita de Cortona Asistencia
Santa Margarita de Cortona Asistencia
Misión de Santa Margarita by Henry Chapman Ford, 1881
Santa Margarita de Cortona Asistencia is located in California
Santa Margarita de Cortona Asistencia
Location in California
LocationSanta Margarita, California
Coordinates35°24′2″N 120°36′44″W / 35.40056°N 120.61222°W / 35.40056; -120.61222
Name as foundedAsistencia de la Misión de San Luis, Obispo de Tolosa [1]
English translationSub-Mission to the Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa
PatronSaint Margaret of Lavinio and Cortona, Italy [2]
Nickname(s)"San Luis Obispo County's Third Mission"[citation needed]
Founding date1787 [1]
Military districtThird
Native tribe(s)
Spanish name(s)		Chumash
Obispeño
Native place name(s)Trolole [3]
Governing bodyPrivate entity
Current useUnknown
Reference no.
  1. 364
Ruins of Mission Santa Margarita, c. 1906

The Santa Margarita de Cortona Asistencia[1] was established in 1787 as an asistencia ("sub-mission") to Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, then in the Spanish Las Californias Province. Its site is near the present-day city of Santa Margarita, in San Luis Obispo County, central California.

History[edit]

The asistencia compound was located north of the mission and of Cuesta Grade, in the Santa Lucia Mountains, on a site Padre Junípero Serra had previously chosen in 1772. It was named for Saint Margaret of Cortona, an Italian saint. It was established for Indian Reductions of the large number of Salinan (Obispeño) Californian Indians, whose southern homeland included the area. The compound also served as an outpost, chapel, and storehouse.

The adobe and stone chapel building measured 120 by 20 feet (37 by 6 m), with a chapel and eight auxiliary rooms for the use of the majordomo, his servants, and as quarters for visiting priests. One chamber functioned as a granary for storing mission crops. The Mission Indians were engaged in extensive grain cultivation in the fields around it.

When the French privateer Hipólito Bouchard raided coastal colonial Alta California settlements in November 1818, many local residents sought refuge at this inland site.

Rancho period[edit]

The Santa Margarita Asistencia was secularized along with Mission San Luis Obispo in 1835, and suffered the same neglect that many mission properties did after that time. In 1841, the Mexican land grant for Rancho Santa Margarita was issued to Joaquín Estrada. After the two-day American capture of Monterey in 1842, General Pío Pico and General José Castro met at the rancho to discuss strategy. During the 1846 Bear Flag Revolt, the forces of Captain John C. Frémont captured an Indian bearing a message at the rancho, from Jose Jesus Pico, the Mexican Pueblo of San Luis Obispo Justice of the Peace, and ordered his execution. In December of that year Frémont also arrested Estrada and others at the rancho, releasing them only after securing their pledges of service to Frémont.

Estrada sold Rancho Santa Margarita in 1861 to Mary and Martin Murphy Jr., who had come to Alta California with the Stephens-Townsend-Murphy Party in 1844. The Murphys turned over running of the rancho, along with the adjacent Rancho Atascadero and Rancho Asuncion they also owned, to their son Patrick W. Murphy. He later served in the California Assembly and the California State Senate, and was a General in the California National Guard. Murphy erected a barn over the adobe and stone Santa Margarita de Cortona Asistencia to shield it from the elements.

In February 1889, the town of Santa Margarita was incorporated.

Present day[edit]

The Santa Margarita de Cortona Asistencia site is a California Historical Landmark. Several of the original stone walls remain standing, having been incorporated into a ranch barn. The site is on the private property of the Santa Margarita Ranch. Tours are occasionally offered, and the site may also be visited during some public Ranch events.[4]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b c Ruscin, p. 59
  2. ^ Santa Margarita Historical Society
  3. ^ Ruscin, p. 195
  4. ^ Ranch history at Santa Margarita Ranch

References[edit]

  • Jones, Terry L.; Klar, Kathryn A., eds. (2007). California Prehistory: Colonization, Culture, and Complexity. Altimira Press, Landham, MD. ISBN 978-0-7591-0872-1.
  • Paddison, Joshua, ed. (1999). A World Transformed: Firsthand Accounts of California Before the Gold Rush. Heyday Books, Berkeley, CA. ISBN 1-890771-13-9.
  • Ruscin, Terry (1999). Mission Memoirs. Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, CA. ISBN 0-932653-30-8.
  • "Mission Days: The Mission Rancho (1775-1841)". Santa Margarita Historical Society. Retrieved July 7, 2007.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Santa Margarita de Cortona Asistencia.
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